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Contrasting Regional Responses of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall to exhausted Spring and Concurrently emerging Summer el Nino events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第4期40卷 697-710页

作者： e.k.krishna kumar S.ABHILASH SANkAR SYAM P.VIJAYkumar k.R.SANTOSH A.V.SReeNATH Department of Atmospheric Sciences Cochin University of Science and TechnologyCochin 682022India Advanced Centre for Atmospheric Radar Research Cochin University of Science and TechnologyCochin 682022India Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia

The inverse relationship between the warm phase of the el Nino Southern Oscillation(eNSO)and the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall(ISMR)is well ***,some el Nino events that occur in the early months of the year(boreal spring)transform into a neutral phase before the start of summer,whereas others begin in the boreal summer and persist in a positive phase throughout the summer monsoon *** study investigates the distinct influences of an exhausted spring el Nino(springtime)and emerging summer el Nino(summertime)on the regional variability of *** two eNSO categories were formulated based on the time of occurrence of positive SST anomalies over the Nino-3.4 region in the *** ISMR’s dynamical and thermodynamical responses to such events were investigated using standard metrics such as the Walker and Hadley circulations,vertically integrated moisture flux convergence(VIMFC),wind shear,and upper atmospheric *** monsoon circulation features are remarkably different in response to the exhausted spring el Nino and emerging summer el Nino phases,which distinctly dictate regional rainfall *** dynamic and thermodynamic responses reveal that exhausted spring el Nino events favor excess monsoon rainfall over eastern peninsular India and deficit rainfall over the core monsoon regions of central *** contrast,emerging summer el Nino events negatively impact the seasonal rainfall over the country,except for a few regions along the west coast and northeast India.

关键词： exhausted spring el Nino emerging summer el Nino Indian Summer Monsoon Hadley and Walker circulation tropical easterly jet vertical integrated moisture flux convergence

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Smart tailoring of molecular catalysts:Mounting approach to oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 169-184页

作者： Anuj kumar Mohd Ubaidullah Guoxin Zhang Jasvinder kaur Saira Ajmal Mudassir Hasan krishna kumar Yadav Hafiz M.Adeel Sharif Ram k.Gupta Ghulam Yasin Nano-Technology Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryGLA UniversityMathuraUttar Pradesh 281406India Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of electrical engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China Department of Chemistry Kansas Polymer Research CenterPittsburg State UniversityPittsburgKS 66762United States Faculty of Science and Technology Madhyanchal Professional UniversityRatibadBhopal 462044India environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarNasiriyah 64001Iraq Department of Chemical engineering king khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry School of SciencesIFTM UniversityMoradabadUttar Pradesh 244102India Research Center for eco-environmental engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China School of environment and Civil engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguanGuangdong 523808China

efficient electrocatalytic rupture of energy-rich molecules(H_(2)and O_(2))is a green approach for gener-ating clean energy for modern *** this context,porphyry-type molecular electrocatalysts act intelligently toward oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),a fundamental process in fuel cells,due to their redox-rich chemistry,which involves core metal ions and macrocyclic *** concerned scientific community has tried many times to correlate the ORR intermediates with their formation kinetics and simplify the associated multi H+/e-stages during the ORR process,constructing several volcano plots be-tween catalytic Tafel data,turnover frequencies,and overpotentials for many *** the fact that many review articles on molecular electrocatalysts for ORR have been published,understanding the strategic implications and molecular catalyst intelligence towards homogenous ORR has been poorly *** review examined the relationships between volcano plots of current *** parameters and the Sabatier principle in order to explain the intelligence of molecular electrocatalysts and approaches for their creation,as well as the difficulties and potential prospects of molecular *** facts distinguish this review from previously published articles and will pique the scien-tific community’s interest in avoiding trial-and-error procedures for catalyst creation while also allowing for more exact evaluations of the molecular catalyst’s performance.

关键词： electrocatalysis Molecular catalysts Oxygen reduction reaction Sabatier principle

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Current devices,outcomes,and pain management considerations in penile implant surgery:an updated review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 335-343页

作者： Nirupama Ancha Maya eldin Tarah Woodle Sofia Gereta krishna Hariprasad Imani Butler e Charles Osterberg III Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical SchoolAustinTX 78712USA Department of Urology Brooke Army Medical CenterSan AntonioTX 78234USA Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA.

Penile prosthesis surgery is a definitive treatment for erectile dysfunction(eD).The two categories of penile prosthesis are endorsed by professional guidelines,inflatable penile prosthesis(IPP)and malleable penile prosthesis(MPP).each modality of penile prosthesis offers distinct advantages and incorporates specific design features,allowing for personalized device selection that aligns with individual needs and *** the overall complication rate of penile implant surgery remains low,surgeons should maintain a high index of suspicion for complications in the perioperative time *** analgesic regimens including nerve blocks and narcotic-free pathways should be administered to manage perioperative ***,the high patient satisfaction after penile prosthesis surgery underscores the success of this eD treatment option.

关键词： erectile dysfunction penile implant penile prosthesis

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Nano-engineered catalysts for high-performance oxygen reduction reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 536-542页

作者： kunsong Hu Yulong Zhang Jiayi Zhu Jinhua Mai Gang Liu Manoj krishna Sugumar Xinhua Liu Feng Zhan Rui Tan School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi University College of Mechatronical and electrical engineering Hebei Agricultural University energy lnnovation Centre Warwick Manufacture GroupUniversity of Warwick IDTeCH (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. School of Transportation Science and engineering Beihang University

The efficient energy conversion of fuel cells is greatly constrained by the slow oxygen reduction reac tion （ORR） kinetics,which necessitates the use of highly active metal catalysts such as platinum （Pt）.The critical challenge limiting large-scale usage of Pt is the capital cost that can be addressed through a pro totypical approach by embedding metal nanoparticles （NPs）,e.g.,Pt NPs,in the conductive framework However,previously reported embedding approaches are sophisticated and suffer from limited yields leading to higher chemical process costs and remaining distant from commercial ***,we re port a facile,cost-effective and time-efficient structural tuning approach to synthesizing ultrafine Pt NP impregnated within a conductive and highly porous carbon framework via a microwave-assisted polyo reduction *** NPs with a uniform size of～2.27 nm can be successfully integrated within the pore of the carbon framework,enabling homogeneous *** from these highly dispersed and ultrafine Pt NPs,the electrochemical surface area （eCSA） is improved to 142.98 m2/gPt,2.25 times highe than that of the commercial counterpart (63.52 m2/gPt).Furthermore,our structurally optimized catalys composite features a remarkably catalytic activity with a high half-wave potential (e1/2) of 0.895 V and an improved mass activity （MA） of 0.2289 A/mgPt,2.39-fold improvement compared to the commercia *** addition,orthogonal experiments were designed to identify the key process parameter for fabricating Pt/C catalysts,offering insights for scaled-up and industrial production.

关键词： Fuel cells Microwave method Oxygen reduction reaction Structural engineering Ultrafine nanoparticles

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evidence-based universal health coverage interventions delivery in infectious disease of poverty elimination and eradication

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 90-90页

作者： ernest Tambo Chidiebere e.Ugwu Amberbir Alemayehu Anil krishna Agnes Binagwaho Center for Leadership in Global Health equity University of Global HealthEquityKigaliRwanda Africa Disease Intelligence Preparedness and Response(ADIPR)YaoundeCameroon Higher Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of MedicineBangangteCameroon Institute for Global Health equity Research University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda Department of Human Biochemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewiAnambraNigeria

The recent 78th United Nations General Assembly(UNGA)declaration relaunched a new health priority and political commitment in accelerating Universal Health Coverage(UHC),adopted by the United Nations(UN)in 2015 and are intended to be met by *** mid-way point of UHC implementation,we advocate for the much needed program-matic implementation research,evidence-based interventions(eBls)policies and strategies leadership and manage-ment capacity building to enable robust,resilient and sustainable multi-sectoral partnerships,integrated coordination and governance mechanisms capabilities in accelerating UHC package mainly infectious diseases of poverty elimina-tion and eradication agenda.

关键词： elimination enable poverty

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Dietary Green Tea extract and Antioxidants Improve Insulin Secretory Functions of Pancreatic β-Cells in Mild and Severe experimental Rodent Model of Chronic Pancreatitis

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Open Journal of endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 53-72页

作者： Galande Sheethal Ranjeet k. Tokala Pavan Pondugala krishna Vemula Vijayalakshmi Venkatesan Pothani Suresh Surya Satyanarayana Singh Guduru Venkat Rao Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy Mitnala Sasikala Basic Science and Translational Research Division Asian Healthcare Foundation AIG Hospitals Hyderabad India Division of Cell and Molecular Biology National institute of Nutrition Hyderabad India National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research Hyderabad India Department of Biochemistry Osmania University Hyderabad India Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Hyderabad India Department of Gastroenterology Asian Institute of Gastroenterology Hyderabad India

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disorder of the pancreas. It is predominantly idiopathic (with an unknown cause) in India and mostly due to alcohol in the West. Diabetes that occur secondary to chronic pancreatitis (T3c Diabetes) is often brittle, and is difficult to attain normoglycemia with conventional treatment requiring multiple doses of insulin. Mild and severe model of CP was induced in mice by repeated intraperitoneal injections of cerulein and L-arginine respectively with an intent to study islet dysfunction and develop therapeutic strategy in animal models of CP. Dietary intervention of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (eGCG) was tested in both the models of CP for its beneficial effects on insulin secretory functions. Pancreata collected upon euthanasia were used to study alterations in the morphology of pancreatic parenchyma and inflammation by staining with H&e and fibrotic changes by Masson’s trichrome and picrosirius staining. Insulin secretory functions of islets were evaluated to test the efficacy of the dietary intervention on β-cell functions. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed to monitor the glucose homeostasis before and after the dietary intervention. Both the models resulted in CP with dispersed acini, inflammation and fibrosis. The loss of acini and extent of fibrosis was more in L-arginine model. 2-fold improvement in glucose-stimulated insulin secretory functions of islets was observed with 0.5% eGCG dietary intervention in cerulein model of CP and 1.6-fold in L-arginine model of CP. A further improvement in insulin secretion by 3.2-fold was observed with additional dietary supplements like N-acetyl cysteine, curcumin in combination with eGCG. Our results thus demonstrate and highlight the therapeutic potential of dietary green tea (eGCG) supplementation in reversing islet dysfunction and improving glucose homeostasis in experimental chronic pancreatitis in mice.

关键词： Dietary Intervention C57BL6/J Mice epigallocatechin-3-Gallate N-Acetyl Cysteine Curcumin Chronic Pancreatitis Islets Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion

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Comparison of microwave and autoclave treatment for biomedical waste disinfection

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第4期2卷 732-742页

作者： Vamsi krishna Reddy kollu Parmeshwar kumar krishna Gautam All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029India Centre for energy and environmental Sustainability LucknowUttar Pradesh 226029India

As the world is facing a Covid-19 pandemic,this virus teaches a lesson about the importance of on-site ***-site disinfection/sterilization with real-time monitoring of biomedical waste generated from the medical facilities is mandatory to prevent hospital-acquired infection(HAI).In this study,the life cycle assessment of two technologies,i.e.,microwave(radiation-based)and autoclave(steam-based)were performed to summarize the inside-out evaluation of both technologies in terms of efficiency,efficacy,and *** results of disinfection efficacy indicated a log 10 reduction(almost 100%)in the vegetative load of microorganisms compared to the control,showing a similar level of disinfection efficacy of both ***,both technologies were compared on several parameters,and it was discovered that the autoclave uses more time and resources than the *** total cost of an autoclave to the government is approximately double that of a microwave,while the operational cost of an autoclave is more than double that of a *** findings from this study indicate that MACS may be used as a dry technique of biomedical disinfection,and its portability,tunability,and compactness make it a suitable alternative for biomedical disinfection and sterilization.

关键词： Biomedical waste management Microwave Disinfection Sterilization COVID-19

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Dynamic properties and liquefaction behaviour of cohesive soil in northeast India under staged cyclic loading

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2018年第5期10卷 958-967页

作者： Shiv Shankar kumar A.Murali krishna Arindam Dey Department of Civil engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

estimation of strain-dependent dynamic soil properties, e.g. the shear modulus and damping ratio, along with the liquefaction potential parameters, is extremely important for the assessment and analysis of almost all geotechnical problems involving dynamic loading. This paper presents the dynamic properties and liquefaction behaviour of cohesive soil subjected to staged cyclic loading, which may be caused by main shocks of earthquakes preceded or followed by minor foreshocks or aftershocks, respectively. Cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on the specimens prepared at different dry densities （1.5 g/cm3 and 1.75 g/cm3） and different water contents ranging from 8% to 25%. The results indicated that the shear modulus reduction （G/Gmax） and damping ratio of the specimen remain unaffected due to the changes in the initial dry density and water content. Damping ratio is significantly affected by confining pressure, whereas G/Gmax is affected marginally. It was seen that the liquefaction criterion of cohesive soils based on single-amplitude shear strain （3.75% or the strain at which excess pore water pressure ratio becomes equal to 1, whichever is lower） depends on the initial state of soils and applied stresses. The dynamic model of the regional soil, obtained as an outcome of the cyclic triaxial tests, can be successfully used for ground response analysis of the region.

关键词： Cohesive soil Dynamic soil properties Liquefaction potential Cyclic triaxial tests Staged cyclic loading

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Perturbations in earth's Atmosphere over An Indian Region during the Total Solar eclipse on 22 July 2009

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第4期33卷 784-796页

作者： S.B.Surendra PRASAD Vinay kumar k.krishna ReDDY S.k.DHAkA Shristy MALIk M.Venkatarami ReDDY U.Murali krishna Semi-arid-zone Atmospheric Research Centre SARC Department of Physics Yogi Vemana University Radio and Atmospheric Physics Lab Rajdhani College University of Delhi Department of Applied Physics Delhi Technical University

During a total solar eclipse(TSe) on 22 July 2009, atmospheric perturbations were monitored from the surface to thermosphere to understand TSe’s impact on the meteorological(temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction) and chemical(O3and NOx) parameters around kadapa(14.28°N, 78.42°e), a tropical semi-arid region of India. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at Yogi Vemana University Campus, kadapa, India, to measure the temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and concentrations of ozone(O3), NO, NO2, and NOxby using the automatic weather station(AWS) and O3analyzer. On the eclipse day(22 July 2009), the surface observations at kadapa showed a reduction in temperature(about 1.1°C) because of the solar insulation. Comparison of the thermal,dynamical(wind), and chemical parameters on the TSe day with control days [preceding(21 July 2009) and succeeding(23 July 2009) the TSe] illustrated the influence of solar eclipse. During the eclipse period, the O3mixing ratio decreased, while NO2and NOxincreased; however, NO remained unchanged. In addition, radio occultation(RO)temperature profiles from Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate(COSMIC)/Formosat Satellite Mission(FORMOSAT-3) and Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Mesosphere energetics and Dynamics(TIMeD) satellites were utilized to understand the impact of TSe on dynamics of the middle and upper atmosphere from tropopause to the thermosphere. High vertical resolution COSMIC observations revealed that during the solar eclipse, tropopause was cooler with twin peaks(double tropopause). The lower thermosphere between 110 and 130 km became warmer during the TSe, which might be caused by the dynamical response of the atmosphere in this region to the solar eclipse. The experimental data have provided very fine-scale variations of the atmospheric parameters both in time and height and also constituted a new set of results on TSe for further research.

关键词： total solar eclipse(TSe) atmospheric perturbations tropopause dynamics COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 satellite radio occultation(RO) observations

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TGA/DSC study to characterise and classify coal seams conforming to susceptibility towards spontaneous combustion

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2022年第1期32卷 75-88页

作者： Niroj kumar Mohalik Somu Mandal Santosh kumar Ray Asfar Mobin khan Debashish Mishra Jai krishna Pandey CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research(CIMFR) Dhanbad 826015India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India

Thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimeter(TGA/DSC)technique along with basic coal characteristics study is carried out for eighty coal samples of Indian coalfields,to determine spontaneous combustion propensity behaviour of *** study of coal samples indicates that there is an increase in the mass of coal samples in the temperature range 150-350℃,which may be due to oxygen adsorption and *** correlation and principal component analysis states that the component of proximate analysis(M_(ad),VM_(d),FR,and VR)have an acceptable correlation with the TGA experiments results i.e.,Tgsh and *** fixed nonlinear regression analysis shows that thermogravimetry(TG)experiment results Tgign may be the best index to categorise/classify the coal as per their susceptibility towards spontaneous *** authors proposed four groups of classification as per their propensity towards spontaneous combustion depending upon the moisture(M_(ad)),volatile matter(VM_(d)),and TG ignition temperature from differential thermogravimetric(DTG)curve(Tgign)using hierarchal clustering *** coal samples of different seams from Indian coalfield may be classified into four different clusters,*** highly/extremely susceptible(Tgigneptible(260℃≤Tgignerately susceptible(290℃≤Tgign≤320℃),and poorly susceptible(Tgign>320℃).The field observations and TGA/DSC experiment results with the following statistical analysis substantiate a similar assessment.

关键词： Coal TGA/DSC Spontaneous combustion TG ignition

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