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Fish embryo and juvenile size under hypoxia in the mouth- brooding African cichlid Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor

Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 401-412页

作者： e.e. ReARDON L.j. CHAPMAN Department of Biology McGill University 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave Montreal Quebec H3A 1B 1 Canada Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA

We used a field survey and a laboratory rearing experiment to （a） examine response （size and survival） to life-long hypoxia in offspring of the African maternal mouth-brooding cichlid Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae （Seegers） and （b） explore the degree to which developmental response can be environmentaUy-induced. embryo size metrics were quantified in 9 field populations across a range of dissolved oxygen （DO） concentrations. In the laboratory, first generation （F1） broods of low-DO origin were reared under high or low DO. Brooding period was quantified for the mothers; and egg size, egg metabolic rate and juvenile size-at-release were quantified in their （F2） offspring. The F2 offspring were split and grown for 3 months post-release under high or low DO, and juvenile size and survival were quantified. In the field survey, across stages, embryos from low-DO field populations were shorter and weighed less than embryos from high-DO populations. In the laboratory experi- ment, F2 eggs and juveniles-at-release from mother＇s mouth did not differ in mass, length, survival regardless of development DO environment. However, juveniles diverged in size after leaving mother＇s mouth, exhibiting smaller size when grown under low DO. Size differences in embryo size across field populations and divergence in embryo size after release from the mother＇s mouth support predictions for smaller body size under hypoxia. There was no evidence for negative effects on survival of juveniles after 3 months. Brooding period was 16% shorter in females reared under low DO suggesting that hypoxia may accelerate embryo de- velopment. This work provides insights into how bearer fishes respond to hypoxic stress relative to fishes with no post-spawning parental care; a shorter brooding interval and smaller body size may provide an optimal solution to parent and embryo survival under hypoxia in brooding fishes [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 401-412, 2012].

关键词： African cichlid Lake Victoria Life-history Parental care Dissolved oxygen

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In-port-plug transmission line design of the ITeR plasma position reflectometer

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第6期22卷 15-20页

作者： j MARTÍNeZ-FeRNÁNDeZ ÁCAPPA A SIMONeTTO T eSTRADA e De LA LUNA e j BLANCO Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión.CIeMAT Avda Complutense 40.Madrid 28040Spain CNR-ISTP via Cozzi 5320125 MilanoItaly

This work describes the microwave design of the transmission line housed in the in-port-plug region of the ITeR plasma position reflectometer(PPR).The design of the components of the inport-plug reflectometers(located in equatorial port-plug 10(ePP10) and in upper-port-plug 01(UPP01)) is *** a 3 D ray tracing code, the spatial position and optimum orientation angles of each set of emission and detection antennas were determined.A feasible path was then created from the obtained antenna positions and orientations to the primary vacuum *** tall waveguides were chosen to reduce ohmic *** to space constraints in the ITeR crowded environment, bends in oversized waveguides were unavoidable, and thus mode conversion was *** keep mode conversion losses at bay, hyperbolic secant curvature bends had to be used whenever ***, e-plane bends in tall waveguides proved to be especially critical, making it necessary to employ other approaches when higher bending angles were *** conversion results were obtained by evaluating the mode coupling *** losses have also been computed and their results compared with commercial simulators, obtaining a perfect agreement.

关键词： reflectometry microwave technology ITeR diagnostic

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Prenatal testing and termination of future pregnancies in Arab mothers of children with severe defects: impact of Moslem cleric or physician on the decision making

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Open journal of Genetics 2011年第3期1卷 54-59页

作者： Lutfi jaber Gabrielle j. halpern Samer Samara 不详

The authors investigated: 1) How many of 250 Israeli Arab mothers (50% in consanguineous marriages) of babies with severe congenital anomalies had undergone prenatal testing during pregnancy, and how many had refused termination of pregnancy (TOP) when recommended;2) Why TOP had been refused;3) Attitudes regarding prenatal testing and TOP in future pregnancies;and 4) Whether the women would have changed their decision had they been able to talk to a Moslem cleric or Moslem doctor in addition to the regular personnel. eighty seven (35%) refused to even consider TOP, 55 (22%) agreed to undergo TOP, and 87 (35%) agreed provided the procedure would be performed before 120 days gestation. The remainder were undecided. Of 195 women, the addition of a Moslem religious cleric or physician to the Committee would influence 89 (46%) and 55 (28%), respectively, to change their opinion and agree to TOP, and 26 (13%) and 10 (5%), respectively, to change their opinion and agree to TOP prior to 120 days of gestation. The remainder either continued to refuse TOP or were undecided.

关键词： Israeli Arab Congenital Defects Prenatal Testing Termination of Pregnancy Attitudes Moslem Cleric

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effect of some operational variables on bubble size in a pilot-scale mechanical flotation machine

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journal of Central South University 2014年第3期21卷 1077-1084页

作者：张炜 j.e.Nesset j.A.Finch Mining and Mineral Resources Division Department of Business AdministrationChinalco China Copper Corporation Limited Department of Mining and Materials engineering McGill University

This work aims to provide a relationship of how the key operational variables of frother type and impeller speed affect the size of bubble （D32）. The study was performed using pilot-scale equipment （0.8 m^3） that is up to two orders of magnitude larger than equipment used for studies performed to date by others, and incorporated the key process variables of frother type and impeller speed. The results show that each frother family exhibits a unique CCC95-HLB relationship dependent on n （number of C-atoms in alkyl group） and m （number of propylene oxide group）. empirical models were developed to predict CCC95 from HLB associated with other two parameters a and ft. The impeller speed-bubble size tests show that D32 is unaffected by increased impeller tip speed across the range of 4.6 to 9.2 m/s （representing the industrial operating range）, although D32 starts to increase below 4.6 m/s. The finding is valid for both coalescing and non-coalescing conditions. The results suggest that the bubble size and bubble size distribution （BSD） being created do not change with increasing impeller speed in the quiescent zone of the flotation.

关键词： flotation bubble size operational variables critical coalescence concentration hydrophile-lipophile balance impellerspeed

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Characterization of Magnetron Sputter CN_(x) Thin Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第2期15卷 120-122页

作者： ZHeNG Wei-tao j.e.Sundgren Department of Materials Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130023 Department of Physics Linkoping UniversityS-58183 LinkopingSweden

Carbon nitride thin films were deposited at different substrate temperature(ST)by using reactive magnetron sputtering in a pure N_(2) discharge,and studied by laser Raman spectroscopy,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and spectroscopic *** Raman spectra of the films show that I(D)/I(G)decreased with the increase of *** D bandposition shifted towards lower frequency,while the G bandposition shifted towards higher frequency as the ST *** XPS data exhibit that Nls binding states also depend on *** optical band gap of the films is found dropped from 0.22eV to 0.10eV with the increase of ST.

关键词： shifted films spectroscopic

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Interannual dynamics of stemwood nonstructural carbohydrates in temperate forest trees surrounding drought

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journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 77-86页

作者： Meghan j.Blumstein Morgan e.Furze Department of Organismic and evolutionary Biology Harvard University26 Oxford StCambridgeMA 02138USA Civil and environmental engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveRoom 1-290CambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue University915 W State StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Interactions between water and carbon dynamics underlie drought-related tree *** whole-tree water relations have been shown to play a key role in the response to and recovery from drought,the role of nonstructural carbohydrates(NSC) and how their storage and allocation changes surrounding drought events deserves further attention and is critical for understanding tree ***,we quantified in situ NSC responses of temperate forest trees to the 2016 drought in the northeastern United *** and starch concentrations were measured in the stemwood of five tree species from 2014 to 2019,which allowed us to monitor NSCs in relation to climatic conditions before,during,and after the natural *** found that immediately following the drought,measured stemwood NSC concentrations ***,NSC concentrations rebounded quickly within three ***,trees allocated proportionally more to starch than to sugars following the 2016 *** winter 2017,starch comprised 45% of total stemwood stores,whereas starch made up only 1-2% in other ***,we modeled and assessed the climatic drivers of total NSC concentrations in the *** in total NSC concentrations was significantly predicted by the previous year’s temperature,precipitation,and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index(SPeI),with stemwood concentrations decreasing following hotter,drier periods and increasing following cooler,wetter ***,our work provides insight into the climatic drivers of NSC storage and highlights the important role that a tree’s carbon economy may play in its response and recovery to environmental stress.

关键词： Drought Nonstructural carbohydrates Starch metabolism Forest trees

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： Carla S.Sousa Andreia Monteiro António j.Salgado Nuno A.Silva Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

Spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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The nature of the companion of PSR j1719-1438: a white dwarf or an exotic object?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 813-816页

作者： j. e. Horvath Instituto de Astronomia Geofísica e Ciências Atmosfricas - Universidade de So Paulo

We raise the possibility that the very dense, compact companion of PSR j1719-1438, which has a jupiter-like mass, is an exotic quark object rather than a light helium or carbon white dwarf. The exotic hypothesis naturally explains some of the observed features, and provides quite strong predictions for this system, to be confirmed or refuted in feasible future studies.

关键词： binary pulsars -- exotic matter-- pulsars: individual (PSR j1719-1438)

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evolving landscape and novel treatments in, metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 342-349页

作者： Paul j Toren Martin e Gleave Department of Urologic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada

Treatment options for castrate-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC） have advanced in recent years and significantly improved the Outlook for patients with this aggressive and lethal disease. Further understanding of the biology＇of CRPC has led to several new targeted therapies and continues to emphasize the importance of androgen receptor （AR） directed therapy. The treatment landscape is rapidly changing and further biologically rationale, biomarker-based ongoing clinical trials are needed. We review the recent results of major clinical trials in CRPC. New and investigational agents now in clinical evaluation are reviewed including inhibitors of angiogenesis, microtubules, chaperones, AR and intracellular kinases, as well as immunotherapy, radiopharmaceuticals and bone-targeted agents. The recent improvement in prognosis for CRPC brings continued optimism for further improvements. Thoughtful planning of clinical trials and further understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to therapies will allow for continued progress in patient care.

关键词： prostate cancer treatment resistance androgen receptor antagonists molecular targets

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Successful sperm retrieval in prune belly syndrome

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Asian journal of Urology 2020年第4期7卷 376-378页

作者： joshua A.halpern Arighno Das Robert e.Brannigan Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA

Dear editor,eagle-Barrett or prune belly syndrome(PBS)is a rare congenital condition with an estimated incidence of 3.8 cases per 100000 live births in the United States[1].The syndrome is characterized by cryptorchidism,upper and lower urinary tract dilation,and either absence or deficiency of the abdominal wall *** much of the literature has focused upon urinary tract malformation and cryptorchidism,fertility is a crucial aspect of urologic evaluation and care in these patients.

关键词： fertility Barrett eagle

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