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Reconstruction of pile-up events using a one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder for the NeDA detector array

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第2期36卷 62-70页

作者： j.M.Deltoro G.jaworski A.Goasduff V.González A.Gadea M.Palacz j.j.Valiente-Dobón j.Nyberg S.Casans A.e.Navarro-Antón e.Sanchis G.de Angelis A.Boujrad S.Coudert T.Dupasquier S.ertürk O.Stezowski R.Wadsworth Department of electronic engineering University of ValenciaBurjassotValenciaSpain Heavy Ion Laboratory University of Warsaw02-093 WarsawPoland Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali di LegnaroLegnaroItaly Instituto de Física Corpuscular CSIC-Universidad de Valencia46980 PaternaValenciaSpain Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden GANIL CEA/DRF-CNRS/IN2P3Bvd.Henri Becquerel14076 CaenFrance CNRS IN2P3IPN LyonUniversitéLyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance Department of Physics Nigde Omer Halisdemir University51240 NigdeTurkey Department of Physics University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK

Pulse pile-up is a problem in nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear reaction studies that occurs when two pulses overlap and distort each other,degrading the quality of energy and timing *** methods have been used for pile-up rejection,both digital and analogue,but some pile-up events may contain pulses of interest and need to be *** paper proposes a new method for reconstructing pile-up events acquired with a neutron detector array(NeDA)using an one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder(1D-CAe).The datasets for training and testing the 1D-CAe are created from data acquired from the *** new pile-up signal reconstruction method is evaluated from the point of view of how similar the reconstructed signals are to the original ***,it is analysed considering the result of the neutron-gamma discrimination based on charge comparison,comparing the result obtained from original and reconstructed signals.

关键词： 1D-CAe Autoencoder CAe Convolutional neural network(CNN) Neutron detector Neutron-gamma discrimination(NGD) Machine learning Pulse shape discrimination Pile-up pulse

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Plant-substrate biochar properties critical for mediating reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane

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journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 1-10页

作者： jonathan H.Lindhardt Peter e.Holm Yong-Guan Zhu Changyong Lu Hans Christian B.Hansen Department of Plant and environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark Key lab of Urban environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Sino-Danish Center for education and research China and DenmarkDalgas Avenue 4DK-8000 Aarhus C.Denmark

Dibromoethane is a widespread,persistent organic *** are known mediators of reductive dehalogenation by layered Fe^(Ⅱ)-Fe^(Ⅲ)hydroxides(green rust),which can reduce 1,2-dibromoethane to innocuous bromide and ***,the critical characteristics that determine mediator functionality are lesser *** biochar substrates were pyrolyzed at 600℃and 800℃,characterized by elemental analysis,X-ray photo spectrometry C and N surface speciation,X-ray powder diffraction,specific surface area analysis,and tested for mediation of reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane by a green rust reductant under anoxic conditions.A statistical analysis was performed to determine the biochar properties,critical for debromination kinetics and total debromination *** was shown that selected plant based biochars can mediate debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane,that the highest first order rate constant was 0.082/hr,and the highest debromination extent was 27%in reactivity experiments with 0.1μmol(20μmol/L)1,2-dibromoethane,≈22 mmol/L Fe^(Ⅱ)GR,and 0.12 g/L soybean meal biochar(7 days).Contents of Ni,Zn,N,and P,and the relative contribution of quinone surface functional groups were significantly(pely correlated with 1,2-dibromoethane debromination,while adsorption,specific surface area,and the relative contribution of pyridinic N oxide surface groups were significantly negatively correlated with debromination.

关键词： environmental remediation Biochar Persistent organic pollutants(POPs) environmental catalysis Green rust

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Continuous-flow columns packed with zero-valent iron and iron sulfide as a feasible strategy to remediate the persistent contaminant nitroguanidine

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 26-34页

作者： Youngjae Yu erika e.Rios-Valenciana Robert A.Root Reyes Sierra-Alvarez jon Chorover jim A.Field Department of Chemical and environmental engineering The University of ArizonaP.O.Box 210011TucsonAZ 85721USA Department of environmental Science The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

The insensitive munitions compound nitroguanidine(NQ)is used by the *** to avoid unintended ***,NQ also represents an emerging contaminant whose environmental emissions can cause toxicity toward aquatic organisms,indicating the need for effective remediation ***,we investigated the feasibility of treating water contaminated with NQ in continuous-flow columns packed with zero-valent iron(ZVI)or iron sulfide(FeS).Initially,the impact of pH on NQ transformation by ZVI or FeS was evaluated in batch *** pseudo first-order rate constant for NQ transformation(k_(1,NQ))by ZVI was 8-10 times higher at pH 3.0 compared to pH 5.5 and 7.0,whereas similar k_(1,NQ)values were obtained for FeS at pH *** on these findings,the influent p H fed to the ZVIand Fe S-packed columns was adjusted to 3.0 and 5.5,*** reactors transformed NQ into nitrosoguanidine(Nso Q).Further transformation of Nso Q by ZVI produced aminoguanidine,guanidine,and cyanamide,whereas Nso Q transformation by Fe S produced guanidine,ammonium,and traces of *** outperformed Fe S as a reactive material to remove *** ZVI-packed column effectively removed NQ below detection even after 45 d of operation(490 pore volumes,PV).In contrast,NQ breakthrough(removal efficiencyerved after 18 d(180 PV)in the Fe S-packed *** high NQ removal efficiency and long service life of the ZVI-packed column(>490 PV)suggest that the technology is a promising approach for NQ treatment in packed-bed reactors and in situ remediation.

关键词： Continuous water treatment Iron-based minerals Chemical reduction pH Aminoguanidine Guanidine

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Hunting for a viral proxy in bioaerosols of swine buildings using molecular detection and metagenomics

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journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 69-78页

作者： Valérie Létourneau Marie-josée Gagné jonathan M.Vyskocil Vincent Brochu Kim Robitaille Martin Gauthier julie Brassard Caroline Duchaine Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre-UniversitéLaval 2725 Chemin Sainte-FoyQuebecG1V 4G5Canada Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada3600 Casavant Boulevard WestSaint-HyacintheJ2S 8E3Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiologyand Bio-informaticsFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversitéLaval1045 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecG1V 0A6Canada The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Universitéde Montréal3200 Rue SicotteSaint-HyacintheJ2S 2M2Canada

There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in *** effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are *** and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious *** particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air *** DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput *** astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air *** torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,Microviridae,Myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were *** phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.

关键词： Bioaerosols Viral metagenomics Astrovirus Aerococcus phage Swine buildings

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Small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： Marcos j.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska Matthias Schwab Alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for Science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 Motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALS),most cases are considered sporadic(sALS).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

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Analysis of convective-radiative heat transfer in dovetail longitudinal fins with shape-dependent hybrid nanofluids: a study using the Hermite wavelet method

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2025年第2期46卷 357-372页

作者： C.G.PAVITHRA B.j.GIReeSHA S.SUSHMA K.j.GOWTHAM Department of PG Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu University

A distinguished category of operational fluids, known as hybrid nanofluids,occupies a prominent role among various fluid types owing to its superior heat transfer properties. By employing a dovetail fin profile, this work investigates the thermal reaction of a dynamic fin system to a hybrid nanofluid with shape-based properties, flowing uniformly at a velocity U. The analysis focuses on four distinct types of nanoparticles,i.e., Al2O3, Ag, carbon nanotube (CNT), and graphene. Specifically, two of these particles exhibit a spherical shape, one possesses a cylindrical form, and the final type adopts a platelet morphology. The investigation delves into the pairing of these *** examination employs a combined approach to assess the constructional and thermal exchange characteristics of the hybrid nanofluid. The fin design, under the specified circumstances, gives rise to the derivation of a differential equation. The given equation is then transformed into a dimensionless form. Notably, the Hermite wavelet method is introduced for the first time to address the challenge posed by a moving fin submerged in a hybrid nanofluid with shape-dependent features. To validate the credibility of this research, the results obtained in this study are systematically compared with the numerical simulations. The examination discloses that the highest heat flux is achieved when combining nanoparticles with spherical and platelet shapes.

关键词： Hermite wavelet method radiation convection dovetail fin nanoparticle configuration O351.2

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Concentration and retention of ascorbic acid,carotenoids,and sugars in fresh-cut lettuce in modified atmosphere packaging

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Horticultural Plant journal 2025年第1期11卷 303-313页

作者： jinita Sthapit Kandel Ivan Simko Ryan j.Hayes Beiquan Mou U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center1636 E.Alisal StreetSalinasCA93905USA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceForage Seed and Cereal Research Unit3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR97331USA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSunflower and Plant Biology Research1616 Albrecht Blvd NFargoND58102USA

Fresh-cut lettuce is widely used in ready-to-eat salads sold in modified atmosphere packages (MAP).even in MAP,fresh-cut lettuce has short shelf life that results in loss of *** cultivars exhibit genetic variation for shelf life in MAP,but their variation for nutrient retention is not *** accessions were evaluated for initial content of ascorbic acid (AsA),carotenoids,and sugars and their retention in *** with high content and/or good retention of one or more nutrients were *** romaine accession ‘Floricos’ had high levels of all the three *** with relatively high retention of all the three nutrients were ‘Salinas 88’,‘Siskiyou’,‘Solar’,SM09A,‘Romance’,and ‘Green Towers’.Romaine cultivars,‘Balady Barrage’,‘Green Towers’,and ‘Darkland’ had relatively high initial levels of all tested nutrients and good rate of their *** was no clear correlation between initial AsA/carotene concentrations and their retention rates,suggesting that besides content,retention of nutrients should also be a breeding target in a lettuce nutritional improvement *** analyses with the Pearson's correlation coefficient determined a negative relationship between tissue deterioration(AUDePS) and retention of all tested nutrients[r of-0.52 (Pene,and-0.59 (Pesting that an increase in tissue deterioration intensifies nutrient ***-sense heritability (H^(2)) across the experiments was0.15 for AsA,0.23 for total carotene,and 0.50 for total *** of germplasm with high nutrient content,extended shelf life and good nutrient retention provides valuable information for the lettuce industry and associated breeding programs.

关键词： Lettuce Shelf life Nutrient retention Ascorbic acid Carotene Sugars

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： Carla S.Sousa Andreia Monteiro António j.Salgado Nuno A.Silva Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

Spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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Interaction of Ca^(2+)and Fe^(3+)in co-precipitation process induced by Virgibacillus dokdonensis and its application

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journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 131-152页

作者： Huaxiao Yan Yuping Liu Haojuan Zhang Shengping jin Zuozhen Han jusun Woo Maurice e.Tucker Long Meng Xiangqun Chi Chao Han Yanyang Zhao Yueming Zhao Hui Zhao College of Chemical and Biological engineering College of Earth Science and EngineeringShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary MineralsShandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Center for Isotope Geochemistry and GeochronologyQingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China School of earth and environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea School of earth Sciences University of BristolBristol BS81RJUK Cabot Institute University of BristolCantock’s CloseBristol BS81UJUK Qingdao West Coast New District First High School Qingdao 266555China

Biomineralization has garnered significant attention in the field of wastewater treatment due to its notable cost reduction compared to conventional *** reinjection water from oilfields containing an exceedingly high concentration of calcium and ferric ions will pose amajor hazard in ***,the utilization of biomineralization for precipitating these ions has been scarcely investigated due to limited tolerance among halophiles towards such extreme *** this study,free and immobilized halophiles Virgibacillus dokdonensis were used to precipitate these ions and the effects were compared,at the same time,biomineralizationmechanisms and mineral characteristicswere further *** results showthat bacterial concentration and carbonic anhydrase activitywere higher when additionally adding ferric ion based on calcium ion;the content of protein,polysaccharides,deoxyribonucleic acid and humic substances in the extracellular polymers also increased compared to *** ions were biomineralized into calcite and vaterite with mul-tiple *** to iron doping,the crystallinity and thermal stability of calcium carbonate decreased,the content of O-C=O,N-C=OandC-O-PO_(3) increased,the stable carbon isotope values became much more negative,andβ-sheet in minerals *** calcium concentrations facilitated ferric ion precipitation,while ferric ions hindered calcium *** immobilized bacteria performed better in ferric ion removal,with a precipitation ratio exceeding 90%.Free bacteria performed better in calcium removal,and the precipitation ratio reached a maximum of 56%.This research maybe provides some reference for the co-removal of calcium and ferric ions from the oilfield wastewater.

关键词： Calcium carbonate Calcium ion Ferric ion Biomineralization Co-removal Immobilization

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Are hydrides under high-pressure-high-temperature superconductors?

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 9-12页

作者： j.e.Hirsch Department of Physics University of California

Contrary to the current consensus, I argue that the existing evidence for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure is not compelling. I suggest that the focus of the field should urgently shift to establish unequivocally experimentally whether or not superconductivity in pressurized hydrides exists, instead of continuing to search for new materials that might show elusive signals of unproven superconductivity at ever higher temperatures. The implications of a negative finding for the theoretical understanding of superconductivity are discussed.

关键词： Hydrides

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