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Mental health status in veterans residing in rural versus non-rural areas: results from the veterans’ health study

Military Medical Research 2021年第1期8卷 79-89页

作者： Joseph J.Boscarino Charles R.Figley Richard e.Adams Thomas g.Urosevich H.Lester Kirchner Joseph A.Boscarino Clinical Psychology Department William James CollegeNewtonMA 02459USA School of Social Work Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Sociology Kent State UniversityKentOH 44242USA Ophthalmology Service Geisinger ClinicMount PoconoPA 18344USA Department of Population Health Sciences Geisinger Clinic100 N.Academy Avenue44-00DanvillePA 17822USA

Background: The majority of Veterans Affair(VA) hospitals are in urban areas. We examined whether veterans residing in rural areas have lower mental health service use and poorer mental health ***: Veterans with at least 1 warzone deployment in central and northeastern Pennsylvania were randomly selected for an interview. Mental health status, including posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD), major depression, alcohol abuse and mental health global severity, were assessed using structured interviews. Psychiatric service use was based on self-reported utilization in the past 12 months. Results were compared between veterans residing in rural and non-rural areas. Data were also analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to minimize the influence by confounding ***: A total of 1730 subjects(55% of the eligible veterans) responded to the survey and 1692 of them had complete geocode information. Those that did not have this information(n=38), were excluded from some analyses. Veterans residing in rural areas were older, more often of the white race, married, and experienced fewer stressful events. In comparison to those residing in non-rural areas, veterans residing in rural areas had lower global mental health severity scores;they also had fewer mental health visits. In multivariate logistic regression, rural residence was associated with lower service use, but not with PTSD, major depression, alcohol abuse, and global mental health severity score after adjusting confounding factors(e.g., age, gender, marital status and education).Conclusions: Rural residence is associated with lower mental health service use, but not with poor mental health in veterans with former warzone deployment, suggesting rural residence is possibly protective.

关键词： Veterans Rural Risk factors PTSD Alcohol abuse Depression Service use Census data

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enterprise Modeling According to enterprise Architects

Enterprise Modeling According to Enterprise Architects

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作者： Ma?gorzata pańkowska Department of Informatics University of Economics

In the context of enterprise modeling, this paper is to explain business modeling. The enterprise modeling has been developed to support different stakeholders in their decision-making processes. Managers, auditors, enterprise architects, and business developers have particular expectations concerning the enterprise and they need conceptual modeling. Beyond that, business units, i.e., customers, producers, cooperators, and suppliers are interested in the conceptual modeling and enterprise models. In this paper, author argues that conceptual modeling is necessary for enterprise management, and particularly for internal auditing. Author uses the enterprise architecture approach, presents enterprise architecture frameworks;discusses enterprise modeling methods, languages, and tools to reveal the opportunity to apply conceptual modeling for enterprise management. This paper aims to present the application of Assurance Map, tasks and goal modeling in an integrated conceptual model.

关键词： enterprise Modeling enterprise Management Assurance Map iStar goal Modeling Language ArchiMate

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Role of forests in headwater control with changing environment and society

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第1期9卷 143-157页

作者： Josef Krecek Jana Nováková Ladislav palán eva pazourková evzen Stuchlík Department of Hydrology Czech Technical University in PragueThákurova 7CZ-16629Prague 6Czech Republic Independent Botanist Na Vrcholu 4CZ-13000PragueCzech Republic AON Impact Forecasting Václavskénáměstí19CZ-11000PragueCzech Republic Institute of Hydrobiology Biology CentreCzech Academy of SciencesNa Sádkách 7CZ-37005(C)eskéBudějoviceCzech Republic

Forest practices in headwater catchments are related to environmental and social *** aim of this study is to analyse the changing protective functions of forests in the upper plain of the Jizera Mts.(North Bohemia,Czech Republic)since the second half of the 19th *** time,forests have gradually changed from native stands to spruce plantations(Picea abies),introducing exotic conifers(more resistant to air pollution),and,recently,back to more diverse mixed *** priority in pro-tective forest functions there shifted from flood protection to integrated control of water resources(quantity and quality).In the 1980s,forest-water interactions were degraded by consequences of extreme acid atmospheric deposition,forest die-back,and extensive *** the Jizerka catchment,first signs of recovery were observed in the early *** waters there are still affected by prolonged *** reconstruction of stream water chemistry at Jizerka follows the drop of the acid deposition in some 5 years,the revival of stream biota takes 10-15 *** 2071-2100,the pro-jected climate change shows rising annual air temperatures by 3.0-4.6℃,decreasing water yield by 65-123 mm,60%drop in'minimum residual discharge',and 20-30%rise in ***,these projected environmental changes cannot substantially decline the high potential in water resource recharge,or,start reverse processes in recent recovery from acidification and radically affect the exis-tence of planned mixed forests in the upper plain of the Jizera Mts.

关键词： Headwater catchment Forest functions Water resource recharge Acid atmospheric deposition Climate change

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Injection molding of micro-porous titanium alloy with space holder technique

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Rare Metals 2011年第6期30卷 565-571页

作者： gülsah engin Bülent Aydemir H.zkan gülsoy Marmara University Institute Graduate Studies Pure and Applied Sciences TUBITAK National Metrology Institute Marmara University Technical Education FacultyMaterials Department Tubitak-MRC Materials Technologies Research Institute

The powder space holder （PSH） and powder injection molding （PIM） methods have an industrial competitive advantage because they are capable of the net-shape production of micro-sized porous parts. In this study, micro-porous Ti6Al4V alloy （Ti64） parts were produced by the PSH-PIM process. Ti64 alloy powder and spherical polymethylrnethacrylate （PMMA） particles were used as a space holder material. After molding, binder debinding was performed by thermal method under inert gas. Debinded samples were sintered at 1250℃ for 60min in a vacuum （10-4 pa）. Metallographic studies were conducted to determine densification and the corresponding microstructural changes. The surface of sintered samples was examined by SeM. The compressive stress and elastic modulus of the rificro-porous Ti64 samples were determined. The effects of fraction of PMMA on the properties of sintered micro-porous Ti64 alloy samples were investigated. It was shown that the fraction of PMMA could be controlled to affect the properties of the Ti alloy.

关键词： powder injection molding titanium powder porous metal sintering

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Nanometer ultrastructural brain damage following low intensity primary blast wave exposure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第9期13卷 1516-1519页

作者： Hailong Song Landry M. Konan Jiankun Cui Catherine e. Johnson graham K. Hubler Ralph g. Depalma Zezong gu Department of pathology & Anatomical Sciences University of Missouri School of Medicine Columbia MO USA Department of Mining and Nuclear engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO USA Office of Research and Development Department of Veterans Affairs Washington DC USA Truman VA Hospital Research Service Columbia MO USA

Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury（m TBI） is of particular concern among military personnel due to exposure to blast energy during military training and *** impact of primary low-intensity blast mediated pathophysiology upon later neurobehavioral disorders has been *** a military preclinical blast model to simulate the pathophysiology of human blast injury is an important first *** article provides an overview of primary blast effects and perspectives of our recent studies demonstrating ultrastructural changes in the brain and behavioral disorders resulting from open-field blast exposures up to 46.6 k pa using a murine *** model is scalable and permits exposure to varying magnitudes of primary blast injuries by placing animals at different distances from the blast center or by changing the amount of C4 *** here review the implications and future applications and directions of using this animal model to uncover the underlying mechanisms related to primary blast ***,these studies offer the prospect of enhanced understanding of the pathogenesis of primary low-intensity blast-induced TBI and insights for prevention,diagnosis and treatment of blast induced TBI,particularly m TBI/concussion related to current combat exposures.

关键词： mild traumatic brain injury openfield blast primary blast wave blast physics animal model altrastructural abnormalities behavior

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The seismite problem

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Journal of palaeogeography 2016年第4期5卷 318-362页

作者： g.Shanmugam Department of earth and environmental Sciences The University of Texas at Arlington

During a period of 82 years （1931-2013）, 39 genetic terms were introduced for various deposits. Of the 39 terms, only ten are meaningful in understandin8 the true depositional origin （e.9., turbidites）, the remaining 29 are just jargons （e.g., seismites, tsunamites, etc.）. The genetic term ＂seismites＂, introduced by Seitacher （1969） for recognizing pa[aeoearthquakes in the sedimentary record, is a misnomer. The term was introduced in haste, based on an examination of a single exposure of the Miocene Monterey Formation （10 m） in California, without a rigorous scientific analysis. The fundamental problem is that earthquake is a triggering mechanism, not a depositional process. Type of triggers cannot be recognized in the ancient sedimentary record because evidence for triggers is not preserved by nature. Soft-sediment deformation structures （SSDS）, commonly used as the criteria for interpreting seismites, are a product of liquefaction. However, liquefaction can be induced by any one of 21 triggers, which include earthquakes, meteorite impacts, tsunamis, sediment loading, among others. Brecciated ciasts, typically associated with earthquake-induced deposits in the Dead Sea Basin, are also common depositional products of debris flows （i.e., synsedimentary product unrelated to earthquakes）. Also, various types of SSDS, such as duplex-like structures and ctastic injections, can be explained by synsedimentary processes unrelated to earthquakes. Case studies of sandstone petroleum res- ervoirs worldwide, which include gulf of Mexico, North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Nigeria, equatorial guinea, gabon, and Bay of Bengal, reveal that there is compelling empirical evidence for sediment loading being the primary cause of SSDS. The Krishna-godavari Basin, located on the eastern continental margin of India, is ideal for sediment failures by multiple triggering mechanisms where overpressure and liquefaction have ted to multi-origin SSDS. Because tsunamis and meteorite impacts are importan

关键词： Soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) Seismites earthquakes Meteorite impacts Liquefaction Clastic injections

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Dirac Points in Two-Dimensional Inverse Opals

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第10期30卷 164-166页

作者： g.D.Mahan Department of Physics Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

The electron energy states and energy bands are calculated for a two-dimensional inverse opal *** that the opal structure is closed-packed circles,the inverse opal has the honeycomb *** honeycomb lattice in two dimensions has a Diract *** properties can be manipulated by altering the structure of the inverse opal:the radius of the circle,and the small gap between circles.

关键词： structure inverse Dirac

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Atrial fibrosis： an obligatory component of arrhythmia mechanisms in atrial fibrillation？

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Journal of geriatric Cardiology 2017年第4期14卷 174-178页

作者： Pyotr g Platonov Department of Cardiology Lund University Arrhythmia Clinic Skdne University Hospital SE-22185 Lund Sweden

Advances in clinical and fimdamental research, which have been promoted over last decades have led to a well- established understanding of atrial fibrillation （AF） as an epiphenomenon that despite similar manifestations may have different underlying mechanisms and thus require in- dividualized treatments. With rare exceptions of AF caused by mutations in genes coding ion channels in pa- tients with structurally normal atria, fibrotic replacement of atrial myocardium remains the comer stone of atrial pa- thology in patients with AF.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Fibrosis Remodeling

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effect of Thickness on the Structure and Tribological Properties of MoS_x Coating

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2002年第4期18卷 361-364页

作者： JihuiWANg e.Wieers 等 SchoolofMaterialsScienceandengineering TianjingUniversityTianjin300072China InstituteforMaterialsResearch LimburgUniversityCentrumB-3590DiepenbeekBelgium

MoSx coatings were prepared by bipolar-pulse DC unbalanced magnetron-sputtering system with the variation of coating thickness at different Ar pressures. The composition and surface morphology were determined by using energy dispersive X-ray and scanning electron microscopy; the structural characterisation was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The friction and wear properties were investigated by fretting tests in air with less than 10% and 50% relative humidity. At 0.40 pa pressure, (002) basal plane orientation was formed throughout the coatings. At 0.88 pa and 1.60 pa pressures, (002) basal plane orientation was only noticed in the first stage of coating growth (around 0.20祄 in thickness), and then edge orientations with their basal planes perpendicular to the surface would be evolved in the coatings. Humidity has a minor influence on the coatings that have (002) basal plane orientation, whereas the tribological properties of MoSx coatings with edge orientations are greatly affected by humidity. The mechanisms of coating growth and friction and wear processes are discussed.

关键词： MoSx coating Magnetron sputtering Friction Wear

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From monoscale to multiscale modeling of fatigue crack growth:Stress and energy density factor

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第1期57卷 39-50页

作者： SIH g.C. International Center for Sustainability Accountability and Eco-Affordability of the Large and Small (ICSAELS) Lehigh University Bethlehem PA 18015 USA Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology

The formalism of the earlier fatigue crack growth models is retained to account for multiscaling of the fatigue process that involves the creation of macrocracks from the accumulation of micro *** effects of at least two scales,say micro to macro,must be accounted *** same data can thus be reinterpreted by the invariancy of the transitional stress intensity factors such that the microcracking and macrocracking data would lie on a straight *** threshold associated with the sigmoid curve *** segmentation is shown to be a necessity for addressing multiscale energy dissipative processes such as fatigue and *** independency and energy release rate are monoscale criteria that can lead to unphysical results,violating the first *** of monoscale failure or fracture criteria to nanomaterials is taking toll at the expense of manufacturing super strength and light materials and structural *** brief view is offered in the spirit of much needed additional research for the reinforcement of materials by creating nanoscale interfaces with sustainable time in *** step by step consideraton at the different scales may offer a better understanding of the test data and their limitations with reference to space and time.

关键词： multiscale fatigue monoscale dualscale stress intensity energy density macro micro nano spatial-temporal crack stability sustaibale time

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