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FSCIL-eACA: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning Network Based on embedding Augmentation and Classifier Adaptation for Image Classification

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Chinese Journal of electronics 2024年第1期33卷 139-152页

作者： Ruru ZHANG Haihong e Meina SONG School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications education Department Information Network engineering Research Center Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The ability to learn incrementally is critical to the long-term operation of AI systems. Benefiting from the power of few-shot class-incremental learning(FSCIL), deep learning models can continuously recognize new classes with only a few samples. The difficulty is that limited instances of new classes will lead to overfitting and exacerbate the catastrophic forgetting of the old classes. Most previous works alleviate the above problems by imposing strong constraints on the model structure or parameters, but ignoring embedding network transferability and classifier adaptation(CA), failing to guarantee the efficient utilization of visual features and establishing relationships between old and new classes. In this paper, we propose a simple and novel approach from two perspectives: embedding bias and classifier bias. The method learns an embedding augmented(eA) network with cross-class transfer and class-specific discriminative abilities based on self-supervised learning and modulated attention to alleviate embedding bias. Based on the adaptive incremental classifier learning scheme to realize incremental learning capability,guiding the adaptive update of prototypes and feature embeddings to alleviate classifier bias. We conduct extensive experiments on two popular natural image datasets and two medical datasets. The experiments show that our method is significantly better than the baseline and achieves state-of-the-art results.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Visualization Image recognition Prototypes Self-supervised learning Power capacitors

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Multifunctional transition and temperature-responsive contact lenses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2624-2635页

作者： Ahmed e.Salih Haider Butt Department of Mechanical engineering Khalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUAE

Smart contact lenses have recently gained traction due to their functionalization as noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic wearables that can address several ocular ***,multifunctional contact lenses exhibiting UV-transition and temperature-responsive capabilities were developed utilizing chromogenic materials that were integrated simultaneously into poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)(pHeMA)contact *** functionalities of the contact lenses were optically evaluated in both their activated and non-activated *** contact lenses offered excellent UV and blue light blocking capabilities(~45%)at their inactive *** activated via UV exposure,the transparent lenses darkened instantaneously and absorbed portions of the visible light *** absorption intensity and transient discoloration of the transition lenses relied primarily on the utilized photochromic ***,the temperature-responsive contact lenses exhibited distinct colorimetric variations in response to temperature changes within the physiological range(33-38℃).The maximum sensitivity of the thermochromic lens was 8%transmitted light per Celsius degree *** and morphological analysis indicated the adequacy of the contact ***,the multifunctional contact lenses can be deployed as smart wearables to manage ophthalmic deficiencies that are deterred by UV radiations and variations in ocular surface temperature.

关键词： temperature spectrum material

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Aligned carbon nanotubes for lithium-ion batteries:A review

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Nano Research 2023年第11期16卷 12384-12410页

作者： Chinaza e.Nwanno Wenzhi Li Department of Physics Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA

Nanoscale materials are gaining massive attention in recent years due to their potential to alleviate the present electrochemical electrode *** high conductivity(both thermally and electrically),high chemical and electrochemical stability,exceptional mechanical strength and flexibility,high specific surface area,large charge storage capacity,and excellent ionadsorption,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)remain one of the most researched of other nanoscale materials for electrochemical energy *** than having them packed at random,CNTs perform better when packed/grown to order,vertically or horizontally aligned to a *** study presents an overview of the impact of CNT alignment on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The unique properties of vertically aligned CNTs(VACNTs)for LIB application were ***,the mechanisms of charge storage and electrochemical performances in VACNT-based(pristine and composites)anodes and cathodes of LIBs were succinctly *** the end,the existing challenges and future directions in the field were also briefly discussed.

关键词： nanoscale vertically aligned carbon nanotubes(VACNTs) composites lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) anodes cathodes

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effect of Thickness on the Structure and Tribological Properties of MoS_x Coating

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2002年第4期18卷 361-364页

作者： JihuiWANG e.Wieers 等 SchoolofMaterialsScienceandengineering TianjingUniversityTianjin300072China InstituteforMaterialsResearch LimburgUniversityCentrumB-3590DiepenbeekBelgium

MoSx coatings were prepared by bipolar-pulse DC unbalanced magnetron-sputtering system with the variation of coating thickness at different Ar pressures. The composition and surface morphology were determined by using energy dispersive X-ray and scanning electron microscopy; the structural characterisation was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The friction and wear properties were investigated by fretting tests in air with less than 10% and 50% relative humidity. At 0.40 Pa pressure, (002) basal plane orientation was formed throughout the coatings. At 0.88 Pa and 1.60 Pa pressures, (002) basal plane orientation was only noticed in the first stage of coating growth (around 0.20祄 in thickness), and then edge orientations with their basal planes perpendicular to the surface would be evolved in the coatings. Humidity has a minor influence on the coatings that have (002) basal plane orientation, whereas the tribological properties of MoSx coatings with edge orientations are greatly affected by humidity. The mechanisms of coating growth and friction and wear processes are discussed.

关键词： MoSx coating Magnetron sputtering Friction Wear

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The Binary Black Hole Scenario for the BL Lacertae Object AO 0235+16

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2003年第6期3卷 513-525页

作者： G.e.Romero Jun-HuiFan S.e.Nuza InstitutoArgentinodeRadioastrononia C.C.5（1894）VillaElisaBs.As.Argentina CenterforAstrophysics GuangzhouUniversityGuangzhou510400 DepartamentodeFisicaJ.J.Giambiagi FCENUBAPabellon1CiudadUniversitaria1428BuenosAiresArgentina

Recent analysis of the long term radio light curve of the extremely variableBL Lacertae object AO 0235+16 by Raiteri et al. have revealed the presence of recurrent outburstswith a period of ～ 5.7 +- 0.5 yr. Periodicity analysis of the optical light curve also showsevidence for a shorter period. Here we discuss whether such a behavior can be explained by a binaryblack hole model where the accretion disk of one of the supermassive black holes is precessing dueto the tidal effects of the companion. We estimate the mass of the accreting hole and analyzeconstraints on the secondary mass and the orbital parameters of the system. It is possible toprovide a viable interpretation of the available multiwavelength data.

关键词： galaxies: active BL lacertae objects: individual: AO 0235+16 -gamma rays:theory black hole physics

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Magnetic properties of Mn-doped GaN with defects:ab-initio calculations

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第8期20卷 297-303页

作者： e.Salmani A.Benyoussef H.ez-Zahraouy e.H.Saidi LMPHe Departement de PhysiqueFacult'e des SciencesUniversit'e Mohammed V-AgdalRabatMorocco LPHe Departement de PhysiqueFacult'e des SciencesUniversit'e Mohammed V-AgdalRabatMorocco

According to first-principles density functional calculations, we have investigated the magnetic properties of Mn- doped GaN with defects, Ga1-x-yVGxMny N1-z-tVNzOt with Mn substituted at Ga sites, nitrogen vacancies VN, gallium vacancies VG and oxygen substituted at nitrogen sites. The magnetic interaction in Mn-doped GaN favours the ferromagnetic coupling via the double exchange mechanism. The ground state is found to be well described by a model based on a Mn3＋-d5 in a high spin state coupled via a double exchange to a partially delocalized hole accommodated in the 2p states of neighbouring nitrogen ions. The effect of defects on ferromagnetic coupling is investigated. It is found that in the presence of donor defects, such as oxygen substituted at nitrogen sites, nitrogen vacancy antiferromagnetic interactions appear, while in the case of Ga vacancies, the interactions remain ferromagnetic; in the case of acceptor defects like Mg and Zn codoping, ferromagnetism is stabilized. The formation energies of these defects are computed. Furthermore, the half-metallic behaviours appear in some studied compounds.

关键词： diluted magnetic semiconductor GaN:Mn defects ab-initio magnetic properties

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ReMARKS ON THe CONTRIBUTIONS OF CONSTANTINe *** TO THe SUBJeCT OF CONSeRVATION LAWS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2012年第1期32卷 3-14页

作者： Athanasios e.Tzavaras Department of Applied Mathematics University of Crete and Institute for Applied and Computational Mathematics

Constantine M. Dafermos has done extensive research at the interface of partial differential equations and continuum physics. He is a world leader in nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws, where he introduced several fundamental methods in the subject including the methods of relative entropy, generalized characteristics, and wave-front tracking, as well as the entropy rate criterion for the selection of admissible wave fans. He has also made fundamental contributions on the mathematical theory of the equations of thermomechanics as it pertains in modeling and analysis of materials with memory, thermoelasticity, and thermoviscoelasticity. His work is distinctly characterized by an understanding of the fundamental issues of continuum physics and their role in developing new techniques of mathematical analysis.

关键词： ReMARKS ON THe CONTRIBUTIONS OF CONSTANTINe M.DAFeRMOS TO THe SUBJeCT OF CONSeRVATION LAWS

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Modular next generation fast-neutron detector for portal monitoring

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第1期33卷 140-148页

作者： e.Aboud S.Ahn G.V.Rogachev V.e.Johnson J.Bishop G.Christian e.Koshchiy C.e.Parker D.P.Scriven Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Nuclear nonproliferation is of critical importance for global *** fissile materials including highly enriched uranium and weapons-grade plutonium are especially important to *** interrogation techniques may result in much better sensitivity but are difficult with conventional portal monitors that rely on detecting thermal ***,most conventional portal monitoring systems rely on ^(3)He,which has a finite and continually decreasing *** designing a highly segmented array of organic scintillators,we posit that we can accurately and quickly identify fissile materials,including weapons-grade plutonium and highly enriched uranium,being *** propose a new design for a fast-neutron detector that overcomes the limitations of the current generation of portal ***6 simulations have been performed in conjunction with the UMPBT statistical model to determine the sensitivity limitations of the proposed *** suggest that the proposed detector may be 10 times more efficient than current-generation thermal neutron detectors and may be able to positively identify a 81 mg 235U source in as little as 192 seconds utilizing active interrogation techniques.

关键词： Fast-neutron detection Portal monitoring Nonproliferation

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Momentum dependence of pion-inducedφmeson production on nuclei near threshold

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第8期42卷 108-120页

作者： e.Ya.Paryev Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 117312Russia Institute for Theoretical and experimental Physics Moscow 117218Russia

We study the near-threshold pion-induced production ofφmesons off nuclei in the kinematical conditions of the HADeS experiment,recently performed at *** calculations have been performed within a collision model based on the nuclear spectral *** model accounts for both the primaryπ^-meson–protonπ^-p→φn and the secondary pion–nucleonπN→φNφproduction processes as well as the effects of the nuclearφand nucleon mean-field *** find that the primary reaction channelπ^-p→φn dominates in theφproduction off 12C and^（184）W target nuclei in the HADeS acceptance window at incident pion momentum of 1.7 Ge V/*** calculate the momentum dependence of the absolute and relative（transparency ratio）φmeson yields from the above direct *** calculations have been performed for this initial pion momentum allowing for different options for theφN absorption cross sectionσ（φN ）and different scenarios for the in-medium mass shifts of theφmeson and secondary neutron,produced together withφin this *** demonstrate that the transparency ratio for theφmesons has,contrary to the absolute cross sections,an insignificant sensitivity to theφmeson and secondary neutron in-medium mass shifts atφmomenta studied in the HADeS *** the other hand,we show that there are measurable changes in the transparency ratio due to theφN absorption cross section,which means that such a relative observable can be useful to help determine this cross section from the data taken in the HADeS experiment.

关键词： in-medium effects φ absorption pion-nucleus reactions

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Lactic control of tumor growth:a new role for an old metabolite

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3890-3891页

作者： Carolina e.Hagberg Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden and 2 Center for Molecular MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

In a recent study published in Nature,Liu and co-workers show that high lactate production by tumor cells promotes premature mitotic escape and further cell proliferation by facilitating the binding of Ubiquitin Conjugating enzyme e2 C(UBe2C)to the anaphase promoting complex(APC/C).1 This is important as it suggests cancer metabolism not only to be a consequence of tumor growth,but also one of its *** its initial discovery over 200 years ago,lactate has sustained the interest of a wide range of research fields due to its significance as energy fuel,redox buffer and signaling molecule.2 High quantities of lactate are produced through glycolysis in muscle during exercise,through bacterial lactic acid fermentation,and perhaps most famously,by rapidly growing tumor cells.

关键词： metabolism sustained consequence

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