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Viability and Proteolytic Capacity of Lactobacillus bulgaricus 2772 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during Cheese Ripening

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2014年第3期2卷 7-12页

作者： L. G.Gonzalez-Olivares Z.L.lopez-Cuellar J.Anorve-Morga M.J.Franco-Fernandez A.Castaneda-Ovando e.contreras-lopez J.Jaimez-Ordaz G.M.Rodriguez-Serrano Centro de InvestigacionesQuimicas Universidad Autonoma del Estado de HidalgoCarr.Pachuca-Tulancingo km.4.5PachucaHgo.C.P.42067Mexico Instituto de CienciasAgropecuarias Universidad Autonoma del Estado de HidalgoRancho Universitario Av.Universidad Km.1 Ex-Hda.deAquetzalpa AP 32TulancingoHgoMexico Departamento de Biotecnologia Universidad AutonomaMetropolitanaUnidadIztapalapaAP 55-355 Mexico D.F.Mexico

Nowadays, probiotics have been utilized as starter cultures in the elaboration of fermented dairy products such as cheese. The survival of probiotic microorganisms in this type of products is very important in order to have a beneficial effect after their consumption. In addition to this, milk proteins are considered an important source of bioactive peptides. These peptides have been identified in hydrolyzed products of milk proteins and dairy products such as cheese. In this study, the protective effect on the survival of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was determined in a cheese which was inoculated only with this probiotic microorganism, and in another cheese additionally inoculated with Lactobacillus bulgaricus 2772 (exopolysaccharide producer bacteria). The ripening of these cheeses took place for 28 days at two different temperatures (4°C and 14°C). The proteolytic?capacity was analyzed by measuring the concentration of free amino groups, through the trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid method (TNBS). The separation of peptides was carried out by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGe) with 15% T. At the end of the study it was found that the population density was higher in the cheeses ripened at 14°C while at 4°C, it decreased. A?higher proteolytic activity at 14°C was also observed and it was determined by a higher concentration of free amino groups. Likewise, during the analysis of electrophoresis gels, a higher concentration of peptides smaller than 10 kDa was found in the samples of cheeses ripened at 14°C. These results increase the expectations to find peptides with a biological function.

关键词： Probiotics Lactic Bacteria Ripening Cheese Bioactive Peptides Proteolysis

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endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： Miguel Chirivi G.Andres contreras Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit negative energy balance due to limited appetite and increased energy requirements for lactogenesis. The delicate equilibrium between energy availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxygen species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different organs and systems while impacting metabolic function by altering lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt changes in the gut microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin signaling pathways and lipid synthesis. endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT through the production of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insights into endotoxins' impact on AT function, highlighting the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

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Inversion of walkaway VSP data in the presence of lateral velocity heterogeneity

Energy Geoscience

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energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 304-313页

作者： Vladimir Grechka Ilya Tsvankin Pedro contreras CWP Department of GeophysicsColorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA PDVSA-INTeVeP Apartado 76343Caracas1070AVenezuela Borehole Seismic LLC USA Department of Physics ULAVenezuela

Multi-azimuth walkaway vertical seismic profiling is an established technique for the estimation of in situ slowness surfaces and inferring anisotropy ***,this technique requires the assumption of lateral homogeneity,which makes the horizontal slowness components at depths of downhole receivers equal to those measured at the *** violations of this assumption,such as lateral heterogeneity or nonzero dip of intermediate interfaces,lead to distortions in reconstructed slowness surfaces and,consequently,to errors in estimated anisotropic *** this work,we relax the assumption of lateral homogeneity and discuss how to correct vertical seismic profile data for weak lateral *** describe a procedure of downward continuation of recorded traveltimes that accounts for the presence of both vertical inhomogeneity and weak lateral heterogeneity,which produces correct slowness surfaces at depths of downhole receivers,noticing that sufficiently dense receiver coverage along a borehole is required to separate influences of vertical and lateral heterogeneity on measured traveltimes and obtain accurate estimates of the slowness *** the slowness surfaces are found and a desired type of anisotropic model to be inverted is selected,the corresponding anisotropic parameters,providing the best fit to the estimated slownesses,can be *** invert the slowness surfaces of P-waves for parameters of the simplest anisotropic model describing dipping fractures(transversely isotropic medium with a tilted symmetry axis).Five parameters of this model,namely,the P-wave velocity V0 in the direction of the symmetry axis,Thomsen's anisotropic coefficients e and d,the tilt n,and the azimuth b of the symmetry axis,can be estimated in a stable manner when maximum source offset is greater than half of receiver depth.

关键词： Walkaway vertical seismic profile Lateral velocity heterogeneity Anisotropic parameter estimation Vertical inhomogeneity

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Corrosion testing of X52 and X80 steels immersed in stimulated emulsions using a real petroleum sample

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 304-316页

作者： L.M.Quej-Ake J.L.Alamilla A.contreras Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro CárdenasNorte 152San Bartolo AtepehuacanGustavo A.MaderoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.07730México

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal corrosion process on X52 and X80 steels/real petroleum interfaces containing condensed hydrocarbon plus oilfield-produced water,which were subjected to stimulated emulsions using 50/50 vol ratio mixtures at 45℃,different hydrodynamic conditions,1 h,and 24 h.A washing process by using deionized water was proposed to simulate and identify the corrosiveness of the hydrocarbon phase after 24 h of exposure *** characterization by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the monitoring of the polarization curves indicated that X80 steel/oilfield-produced water interfaces were more susceptible to corrosion than X52 steel exposed to oilfield-produced *** combined speed rotation of 600 rpm using a magnetic stirrer+600 rpm using a rotating disk electrode decreased the corrosion rate on X52 *** stimulated emulsions made of hydrocarbon+oilfield-produced water and hydrocarbon+deionized water at 24 h increased the corrosion rate on X80 steel(0.34 mm/year and 0.43 mm/year,respectively),promoting the formation of erosion and pitting *** types of corrosion depended mainly on the physicochemical properties of the hydrocarbon,oilfield-produced water,exposure times,and hydrodynamic systems in which the hydrocarbon was studied.

关键词： Corrosion emulsions X52 steel X80 steel

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Remediation of amide pesticide-polluted soils by combined solarization and ozonation treatment

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 641-651页

作者： Isabel GARRIDO Carmen MMARTINeZ Pilar FLOReS Pilar HeLLIN Fulgencio contreras Jose FeNOLL Department of Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable Products Instituto Murciano de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agrario y MedioambientalLa Alberca 30150(Spain)

Agriculture has a close relationship with nature,but it can also be the source of negative and permanent environmental *** use of pesticides in modern agriculture is a common practice,but their side effects on the environment cannot be *** this study,we evaluated a combination of solarization and ozonation techniques for the elimination of six amide pesticides(boscalid,chlorantraniliprole,cyflufenamid,fluopyram,napropamide,and propyzamide)in *** experiments were performed with four different soils to assess the efficiency of this methodology at different soil temperatures and ozone dosages under laboratory conditions,and then a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions during *** days after the onset of the experiments,higher degradation percentages of amide pesticides were observed in ozonized soils than in other treated soils,particularly when ozone was applied at 10 cm soil *** results show that the utilization of ozonation,along with solarization,represents a valid method for degrading residues of the studied pesticides and suggest that this combined technology may be a promising tool for remediating pesticide-polluted soils.

关键词： intermediate ozone pesticide degradation pesticide residue polyethylene film remediation technique

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Genotype-based precision nutrition strategies for the prediction and clinical management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 142-153页

作者： Omar Ramos-lopez Medicine and Psychology School Autonomous University of Baja CaliforniaTijuana 22390Baja CaliforniaMexico

Globally,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is one of the most common metabolic disorders.T2DM physiopathology is influenced by complex interrelationships between genetic,metabolic and lifestyle factors(including diet),which differ between populations and geographic *** fact,excessive consumptions of high fat/high sugar foods generally increase the risk of developing T2DM,whereas habitual intakes of plant-based healthy diets usually exert a protective ***,genomic studies have allowed the characterization of sequence DNA variants across the human genome,some of which may affect gene expression and protein functions relevant for glucose *** comprehensive literature review covers the impact of gene-diet interactions on T2DM susceptibility and disease progression,some of which have demonstrated a value as biomarkers of personal responses to certain nutritional ***,novel genotype-based dietary strategies have been developed for improving T2DM control in comparison to general lifestyle ***,progresses in other omics areas(epigenomics,metagenomics,proteomics,and metabolomics)are improving current understanding of genetic insights in T2DM clinical *** more investigation is still needed,the analysis of the genetic make-up may help to decipher new paradigms in the pathophysiology of T2DM as well as offer further opportunities to personalize the screening,prevention,diagnosis,management,and prognosis of T2DM through precision nutrition.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Nutrigenetics Single nucleotide polymorphism Genotype Diet Precision nutrition

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Metabolic reprogramming of the inflammatory response in the nervous system:the crossover between inflammation and metabolism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2189-2201页

作者： Jesus Amo-Aparicio Charles A.Dinarello Ruben lopez-Vales Department of Medicine University of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA Institute of Neurosciences and Department Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBeRNeD) Instituto de Salud Carlos ⅢSpain

Metabolism is a fundamental process by which biochemicals are broken down to produce energy(catabolism) or used to build macromolecules(anabolism). Metabolism has received renewed attention as a mechanism that generates molecules that modulate multiple cellular responses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also present in immunocompetent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectional influence of cellular metabolism and immune cell function, highlighting the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune cell activation and effector functions. Metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation have been shown to undergo dynamic changes during immune cell response, facilitating the energetic and biosynthetic demands. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in different immune cells upon activation, with a special focus on central nervous system disorders. Understanding the metabolic changes of the immune response not only provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell function but also opens new approaches for therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.

关键词： central nervous system fatty acid oxidation glycolysis inflammation macrophage metabolism microglia neurodegeneration oxidative phosphorylation

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Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel Jiménez-Herrera Ana contreras Juan D.Navarro-López Lydia Jiménez-Díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

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Is the speed of adjusting to environmental change condition dependent?An experiment with house mice(Mus musculus)

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 350-360页

作者： Karem lopez-Hervas Neelam Porwal Mathilde Delacoux Alexandros Vezyrakis Anja Guenther RG Behavioural ecology of Individual Differences Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology24306 PlönGermany Department of evolutionary Biology Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityWieniawskiego 161-712 PoznańPoland Department for Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour78464 ConstanceGermany Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz78464 ConstanceGermany Animal ecology Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of Potsdam14469 PotsdamGermany

environmental conditions change constantly either by anthropogenic perturbation or naturally across space and ***,a change in behavior is the frst response to changing *** fexibility can potentially improve an organism’s chances to survive and ***,we lack an understanding on the time-scale such behavioral adjustments need,how they actually affect reproduction and survival and whether behavioral adjustments are suffcient in keeping up with changing *** used house mice(Mus musculus)to test whether personality and life-history traits can adjust to an experimentally induced food-switch fexibly in adulthood or by intergenerational plasticity,that is,adjustments only becoming visible in the offspring *** lived in 6 experimental populations of semi-natural environments either on high or standard quality food for 4 *** showed previously that high-quality food induced better conditions and a less risk-prone ***,we tested whether the speed and/or magnitude of adjustment shows condition-dependency and whether adjustments incur ftness ***-history but not personality traits reacted fexibly to a food-switch,primarily by a direct reduction of reproduction and sloweddown *** whose parents received a food-switch developed a more active stress-coping personality and gained weight at a slower rate compared with their respective ***,the modulation of most traits was condition-dependent,with animals previously fed with high-quality food showing stronger *** study highlights that life-history and personality traits adjust at different speed toward environmental change,thus,highlighting the importance of the environment and the mode of response for evolutionary models.

关键词： animal personality context dependence environmental change Match-mismatch non-genetic inheritance phenotypic flexibility phenotypic plasticity

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The importance of post-COVID condition phenotypes characterization to decipher the mechanisms underlying this post-viral syndrome

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 633-634页

作者： Jon Izquierdo-Pujol Sara Moron-lopez IrsiCaixa and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP) Can Ruti CampusBadalonaSpain Biomedicine doctoral programme Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain CIBeRINFeC MadridSpain

The coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19)outbreak,caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),was declared a global pandemic in March *** has affected over 700 million people worldwide and resulted in almost 7 million deaths,equating to a 1%mortality *** present,the majority of COVID-19 cases are either asymptomatic or mild,typically resolving within two ***,between 1%and 10%of COVID-19 survivors do not fully recover and experience a post-viral syndrome referred to as"long COVID","post-acute COVID-19 syndrome"(PASC),or"post-COVID condition"(PCC).This post-viral syndrome affects both adult and pediatric ***,most of the studies published to date evaluate the adult population,leaving a gap in our understanding of its impact on children and adolescents.

关键词： acute mortality respiratory

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