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Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph e.Kaiser Shannon C.F.smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P e post-carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

A new view of the local Universe

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 167-168页

作者： Lister Staveley-smith International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research(ICRAR) University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia ARC Centre of excellence for All Sky Astrophysics(ASTRO 3D) Crawley WA 6009Australia

The distribution and kinematics of gas in and around dark matter halos, the formation of stellar populations from the gravitational collapse of gas clouds, and the interaction of stars and their remnants with interste... 详细信息

关键词： galaxies stars galactic

Facile synthesis of intra-nanogap enhanced Raman tags with different shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian T.Scarpitti Zhewen Luo Abigail e.smith Jian Ye Zachary D.Schultz Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot engineering in plasmonic nanostructures plays a significant role in surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SeRS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creating stable,reproducible,and strong SeRS signals remains challenging due to the potential interference from surrounding chemicals and locating SeRS-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a straightforward approach to synthesize intra-gap nanoparticles encapsulating 4-nitrobenzenethiol(4-NBT)as a reporter molecule within these gaps to avoid outside *** made three kinds of intra-gap nanoparticles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which the nanorods based intra-gap nanoparticles exhibit the highest SeRS *** advantage of our method is the ease of preparation of high-yield and stable intra-gap nanoparticles characterized by a short incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBT and quick synthesis without requiring an additional step to centrifuge for the purification of core *** intense localized field in the synthesized hot spots of these plasmonic gap nanostructures holds great promise as a SeRS substrate for a broad range of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot engineering surface enhanced Raman scattering intra-gap nanoparticles 4-nitrobenzenethiol

Harnessing endothelial cells and vascularization strategies for nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2337-2338页

作者： Papon Muangsanit Poppy smith Virology and Cell Technology Research Team National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)PathumthaniThailand UCL Centre for Nerve engineering UCLLondonUK Department of Pharmacology UCL School of PharmacyUCLLondonUK

Peripheral nerves are essential components of the human body’s communication system,transmitting signals between the central nervous system and various body *** resulting from trauma or disease can result in debilitating sensory and motor *** injuries,particularly those resulting in significant gaps in the nerve tissue,pose a formidable challenge for clinicians and *** their limitations,including limited availability and donor site morbidity,nerve autografts remain the clinical gold standard for treating nerve injuries.

关键词： injuries nerves donor

electrobiocorrosion by microbes without outer-surface cytochromes

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 110-118页

作者： Dawn e.Holmes Trevor L.Woodard Jessica A.smith Florin Musat Derek R.Lovley Department of Microbiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA Department of Physical and Biological Science Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Facuity of Biology and GeologyBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania

Anaerobic microbial corrosion of iron-containing metals causes extensive economic *** microbes are capable of direct metal-to-microbe electron transfer(electrobiocorrosion),but the prevalence of electrobiocorrosion among diverse methanogens and acetogens is poorly understood because of a lack of tools for their genetic *** studies have suggested that respiration with 316L stainless steel as the electron donor is indicative of electrobiocorrosion,because,unlike pure Fe^(0),316L stainless steel does not abiotically generate H_(2) as an intermediary electron ***,we report that all of the methanogens(Methanosarcina vacuolata,Methanothrix soehngenii,and Methanobacterium strain IM1)and acetogens(Sporomusa ovata and Clostridium ljungdahli)evaluated respired with pure Fe^(0)as the electron donor,but only ***,***,and *** were capable of stainless steel *** electrobiocorrosive methanogens re-quired acetate as an additional energy source in order to produce methane from stainless *** of *** and *** demonstrated how acetogens can provide acetate to methanogens during *** only was Meth-anobacterium strain IM1 not capable of electrobiocorrosion,but it also did not accept electrons from Geobacter metal-lireducens,an effective electron-donating partner for direct interspecies electron transfer to all methanogens that can directly accept electrons from Fe^(0).The finding that ***,***,and *** are capable of electrobiocorrosion,despite a lack of the outer-surface c-type cytochromes previously found to be important in other electrobiocorrosive microbes,demonstrates that there are multiple microbial strategies for making electrical contact with Fe^(0).

关键词： acetogen corrosion Fe^(0) methanogen stainless steel

Harnessing the power of complex light propagation in multimode fibers for spatially resolved sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARCY L.smith LINH V.NGUYeN MOHAMMAD I.ReJA eRIK P.SCHARTNeR HeIKe eBeNDORFF-HeIDePRIeM DAVID J.OTTAWAY STePHeN C.WARReN-smith Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physics Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Research Council Centre of excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery(OzGrav) AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Laser Physics and Photonics Devices Laboratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of coherent light in multimode optical fibers results in a speckled output that is both complex and sensitive to environmental *** properties can be a powerful tool for sensing,as small perturbations lead to significant changes in the output of the ***,the mechanism to encode spatially resolved sensing information into the speckle pattern and the ability to extract this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatially dependent mode coupling is crucial to achieving spatially resolved *** leverage machine learning to quantitatively extract the spatially resolved sensing information from three fiber types with dramatically different characteristics and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatially dependent mode coupling provides the greatest accuracy.

关键词： fiber spatially resolved

喀麦隆初级汉语综合课教学设计 ——以喀麦隆Bilingual Grammar School Molyko为例

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喀麦隆初级汉语综合课教学设计 ——以喀麦隆Bilingual Grammar S...

作者： AGBOR smith FOMBO 重庆交通大学

学位级别：硕士

本文主要探讨了喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级汉语综合课的教学设计与实践。通过对该校汉语学习情况的调查研究,以及对综合课教学设计的深入分析,评估和反思,为喀麦隆中学汉语教学提供理论依据和实践指导。本研究具有... 详细信息

本文主要探讨了喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级汉语综合课的教学设计与实践。通过对该校汉语学习情况的调查研究,以及对综合课教学设计的深入分析,评估和反思,为喀麦隆中学汉语教学提供理论依据和实践指导。本研究具有重要的学术和实际意义,既丰富了国际汉语教育理论,又为汉语教师在非洲国家的教学实践提供了具体参考。在第二章中,研究对喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”中学汉语学习情况进行了详尽调查。调查采用问卷、访谈等方法,收集了学生、教师和学校管理者的多维度数据。分析结果显示,该校学生对汉语学习具有较高兴趣,但在学习过程中也面临诸多挑战,如语言环境缺乏、学习资源不足和教学方法单一等问题。这些问题的存在,不仅制约了学生的汉语学习效果,也影响了汉语教学的进一步发展。第三章聚焦于“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”中学生综合课的教学设计。根据调查结果和教学实践经验,结合汉语国际教育的理论和方法,设计了一套适合喀麦隆中学生的汉语综合课教学方案。该方案从教学目标、课程设置、教学内容、教学方法和评价体系等方面进行了系统规划。教学目标明确,注重听、说、读、写四项技能的全面发展;课程设置合理,既有基础知识的传授,又有文化素养的培养;教学内容丰富,涵盖语言知识、文化知识和交际能力的培养;教学方法多样,采用任务型教学、情景教学等方法,提高学生的学习兴趣和参与度;评价体系完善,既有形成性评价,又有终结性评价,全面监测学生的学习效果。第四章对“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级中文综合课的教学设计进行了评估与反思。评估采用质性和量性相结合的方法,通过课堂观察、学生测试、教师访谈等途径,全面分析了教学设计的实施效果。评估结果表明,该教学设计在提高学生汉语水平和学习兴趣方面取得了一定成效,但也存在一些不足,如教学资源有限、师资力量不足、教学方法需要进一步改进等。基于评估结果,研究提出了一系列改进建议,如增加教学资源投入、加强教师培训、改进教学方法等,为后续的教学实践提供了有益参考。本研究通过对喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级汉语综合课教学设计的调查、分析和反思,不仅丰富了国际汉语教育理论,也为喀麦隆中学汉语教学实践提供了重要参考。研究结果显示,科学合理的教学设计对提高学生汉语学习效果具有重要作用,但同时也需要持续关注和解决实际教学中存在的问题,才能真正实现汉语教育的长远发展。本论文的研究方法具有一定创新性,通过综合运用问卷调查、访谈、课堂观察和教学评估等多种方法,获取了详实的数据,确保了研究结果的可靠性和科学性。研究不仅对喀麦隆汉语教学具有重要指导意义,也对其他非洲国家的汉语教育实践具有参考价值。希望本研究能够为喀麦隆及其他非洲国家的汉语教学提供有益借鉴,推动国际汉语教育事业的发展。

关键词：喀麦隆中学汉语教学教学设计你好喀麦隆

Aboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu Andrew R.smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation Center for ecological Conservation and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of ecology and environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Prospecting Designing&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province,China,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： Carbon density Carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation Cultural influence

A stability evaluation method for deep-seated toppling in the upper Lancang river,Southwestern China

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2388-2410页

作者： Yibing Ning Huiming Tang Jianbing Peng Yanjun Shen John V.smith Bocheng Zhang College of Geological engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Academy of Yellow River Sciences of Shaanxi Province Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourne3001Australia

Deep-seated toppling in the upper reaches of the Lancang River,southwest China involves deformations exceeding 100 m in *** slope deformation is initiated by river downcutting and evolves distinctive characteristics with a depth of river *** this study,we propose a system for evaluating the stability of deep-seated toppled slopes in different evolutionary *** system contains identification criteria for each evolutionary stage and provides the corresponding stability evaluation *** on the mechanical and kinematic analysis of slope blocks,the specific stage of slope movement can be identified in the field through outcrop mapping,in situ tests,surface displacement monitoring,and adit and borehole *** stability evaluation methods are established based on the limiting equilibrium theory and the strain compatibility between the undisturbed zone and the toppled ***,several sample slopes in different evolution stages have been investigated to verify the applicability and accuracy of the proposed stability evaluation *** results indicate that intense tectonic activity and rapid river incision lead to a maximum principal stress ratio exceeding 10 near the slope surface,thus triggering widespread toppling deformations along the river *** considering the losses of joint cohesion during the further rotation process,the safety factor of the slope drops by 7%e28%.The self-stabilization of toppling deformation can be recognized by the layer symmetry configuration after the free rotation of the deflected *** toppled rock blocks mainly suffer sliding failures beyond the layer symmetry *** factor of safety of the K73 rockslide decreased from 1.17 to 0.87 by considering the development of the potential sliding surface and the toesaturated zone.

关键词： Stability evaluation Deep-seated toppling evolutionary process Reservoir impoundment Rock slope