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review on high repetition rate and mass production of the cryogenic targets for laser iFe

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2017年第2期5卷 28-51页

作者： i.V.Aleksandrova e.r.Koresheva Lebedev Physical institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow119991Russia National research Nuclear University MePhl(Moscow engineering Physics institute) Moscow115409Russia

in inertial fusion energy(iFe) research, a considerable attention has recently been focused on the issue of large target fabrication for MJ-class laser facilities. The ignition and high-gain target designs require a condensed uniform layer of hydrogen fuel on the inside of a spherical shell. in this report, we discuss the current status and further trends in the area of developing the layering techniques intended to produce ignition, and layering techniques proposed to high repetition rate and mass production of iFe targets.

关键词： free-standing and line-moving targets high-repetition-rate fuel supply inertial fusion energy target mass production

The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza i.Torrado-Tapias iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel e.Ocasio rivera Dina P.Bracho-rincon Luis H.Pagan rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

in addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain eAAT-1/GLAST eAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

enhanced biocompatibility of ZnS:Mn quantum dots encapsulated with Aloe vera extract for therapeutic applications

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第8期25卷 412-416页

作者： Anilkumar M Bindu K r Sneha Saj A Anila e i Cell Culture Laboratory Department of Botany UC College Optoelectronic and Nanomaterials' research Laboratory Department of Physics UC College Department of Physics SSV College

Toxicity of nanoparticles remains to be a major issue in their application to the biomedical field. Aloe vera（AV） is one of the most widely exploited medicinal plants that have a multitude of amazing properties in the field of *** extract of Aloe vera can be used as a novel stabilising agent for quantum dots to reduce toxicity. We report the synthesis, structural characterization, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity studies of ZnS：Mn quantum dots synthesized by the colloidal precipitation method, using methanol extract of Aloe vera（AVMe） as the capping agent. The ZnS：Mn quantum dots capped with AVMe exhibit superior performances in biocompatibility and antibacterial activity compared with ZnS：Mn quantum dots without encapsulation.

关键词： quantum dot transmission electron microscopy biocompatibility

experiments Design for Hardness Optimization of the Ni-Cr Alloy electrodeposited by Pulse Plating

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 2013年第5期26卷 558-564页

作者： i.imanieh e.Yousefi A.Dolati M.r.Mohammadi Department of Materials Science and engineering Sharif University of Technology

The hardness of the Ni-Cr alloy which is electrodeposited in chloride solution, is optimized by design of experiment method（central composite design）. Various parameters were evaluated in order to find significant factors in this process. Frequency, duty cycle, current density and temperature were selected as efective factors. Analyses of variance（ANOVA） were performed on the results of the designed experiments. The best model which can predict the hardness of the Ni-Cr alloy electrodeposits was found whereas the frequency and quadratic behaviour of the current density were the most significant model terms. Serious interaction of the current density with frequency and duty cycle also were found in this model. Finally the optimum conditions of the factors for obtaining the maximum hardness of the Ni-Cr alloy were found. Ni-Cr alloy with hardness 828 HV（electrodeposited with frequency 63 Hz, current density 1800 A/m2, duty cycle 75% and temperature 31℃ bath） were assessed as the optimum deposit. The deposit under the optimum condition was investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SeM）, eDX analysis, polarization method and microhardness.

关键词： Ni-Cr electrodeposition Hardness Optimization

Calculation of Surface energy of Metals and Alloys by theelectron Density Functional Method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1998年第4期14卷 320-322页

作者： Kuznetsov, V.M. Kadyrov, r.i. rudenskii, G.e. institute of Strength Physics and Material Science Russian Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch 634048 Tomsk Academicheskii av. 2/1 Russian Federation

The surface energy of (100), (110), (111) surfaces in Ni, Al and ordered alloys NiAl and Ni//3Al has been calculated within the framework of methodology based upon the electron density functional method. The results of calculations are in good agreement with the known for pure metals experimental data and in case of Ni//3Al alloy. There is also a good agreement with the results obtained by calculation using the embedded atom method. The investigation has been carried out in this work to show that the surface energy sigma of alloys can not be interpreted as an averaged concentration sigma of pure metals. For NiAl, the obtained results reveal considerable distinctions in anisotropy of sigma in comparison to the anisotropy of surface energy in pure metals. (edited author abstract) 8 refs.

关键词： Aluminum

electron-phonon coupling and spin fluctuations in the ising superconductor NbSe_(2)

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1686-1694页

作者： S.Das H.Paudyal e.r.Margine D.F.Agterberg i.i.Mazin Department of Physics and Astronomy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Quantum Science and engineering Center George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Department of Physics Applied Physicsand AstronomyBinghamton University-SUNYBinghamtonNY 13902USA Department of Physics University of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53201USA

ising superconductivity,observed in NbSe2 and similar materials,has generated tremendous ***,attention was called to the possible role that spin fluctuations(SF)play in this phenomenon,in addition to the dominant electron–phonon coupling(ePC);the possibility of a predominantly triplet state was discussed and led to a conjecture of viable singlet–triplet Leggett ***,these hypotheses have not been put to a quantitative *** this paper,we report first principle calculations of the ePC and also estimate coupling with SF,including full momentum *** find that:(1)ePC is strongly anisotropic,largely coming from the K-K0 scattering,and therefore excludes triplet symmetry even as an excited state;(2)superconductivity is substantially weakened by SF,but anisotropy remains as above;and,(3)we do find the possibility of a Leggett mode,not in a singlet–triplet but in an s_(++)–s_(±)channel.

关键词： coupling phonon superconductivity

Finite-element 3D modeling of stress patterns around a dipping fault

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1555-1563页

作者： r.M.Lobatskaya i.P.Strelchenko e.S.Dolgikh irkutsk National research Technical University 83Lermontov Str.664074 IrkutskRussia institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of Sciences16Lincui RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China

Stresses in a block around a dipping fracture simulating a damage zone of a fault are reconstructed by finite-element modeling. A fracture corresponding to a fault of different lengths, with its plane dipping at different angles, is assumed to follow a lithological interface and to experience either compression or shear. The stress associated with the destruction shows an asymmetrical pattern with different distances from the highest stress sites to the fault plane in the hanging and foot walls. As the dip angle decreases,the high-stress zone becomes wider in the hanging wall but its width changes negligibly in the foot *** length of the simulated fault and the deformation type affect only the magnitude of maximum stress,which remains asymmetrical relative to the fault plane. The Lh/Lfratio, where Lhand Lfare the widths of high-stress zones in the hanging and foot walls of the fault, respectively, is inversely proportional to the fault plane dip. The arithmetic mean of this ratio over different fault lengths in fractures subject to compression changes from 0.29 at a dip of 80°to 1.67 at 30°. in the case of shift displacement, ratios are increasing to 1.2 and 2.94, *** they consider vertical fault planes and symmetry in a damage zone of faults. Following that assumption may cause errors in reconstructions of stress and fault patterns in areas of complex structural setting. According geological data, we know the structures are different and asymmetric in hanging and foot walls of fault. Thus, it is important to quantify zones of that asymmetry. The modeling results have to be taken into account in studies of natural faults, especially for practical applications in seismic risk mapping, engineering geology, hydrogeology, and tectonics.

关键词： Stress Fault Finite-element modeling ANSYS package

Metastable noble gas atoms in strong-field ionization experiments

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2016年第3期4卷 74-100页

作者： J.e.Calvert A.J.Palmer i.V.Litvinyuk r.T.Sang Australian Attosecond Science Facility Center for Quantum Dynamics School of Natural Sciences Griffith University

The interactions of strong-field few-cycle laser pulses with metastable states of noble gas atoms are examined. Metastable noble gas atoms offer a combination of low ionization potential and a relatively simple atomic structure, making them excellent targets for examining ionization dynamics in varying experimental conditions. A review of the current work performed on metastable noble gas atoms is presented.

关键词： COLTriMS electron holography high power lasers ionization regime metastable atoms spin polarized targets

Many-body interatomic Potentials for Computer Simulation of Physical Processes in Metals and Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1998年第5期14卷 429-433页

作者： Kuznetsov, V.M. rudenskii, G.e. Kadyrov, r.i. Kaminskii, P. institute of Strength Physics and Material Science Russian Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch 634048 Tomsk Academicheskii av. 2/1 Russian Federation

A model of binding forces in metals and alloys, based on the density functional theory and accounted effects of the many-body interactions, was proposed. The developed method can be easily applied for study of metals and alloys by the molecular dynamics simulation. The potentials of interatomic interactions have been found by the proposed method and applied for calculations of equation of state, elastic moduli and phonon dispersion in metals Ni, Al, and alloys NiAl, Ni//3Al. results of the calculations are in good agreement with known experimental data both for pure metals and alloys. (edited author abstract) 16 refs.

关键词： Nickel