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Effect of cooling media on bead geometry,microstructure,and mechanical properties of wire arc additive manufactured IN718 alloy

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 124-149页

作者： Parveen Kumar Satish Kumar sharma Ratnesh Kumar raj Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatialaPunjab147004India

This work aims to present and explore thermal management techniques for the wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)of IN718 *** heat can be mitigated via air or water *** this study,the material was deposited under four different heat-input conditions with air or water *** air cooling,the layer is deposited in a normal atmospheric air environment,whereas with water cooling,the material is deposited inside a water tank by varying the water *** validate the air and water cooling thermal management techniques,IN718 single-pass and multilayer linear walls were deposited using the bidirectional gas metal arc welding based WAAM setup under four different heat input *** the deposition of single layers,the temperature profiles were recorded,and the geometric and microstructural features were *** multilayer wall structures,the mechanical properties(hardness,tensile strength,and elongation)were determined and assessed using the corresponding microstructural features explored through scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)*** microstructure observed through SEM analysis in the building direction was found to be nonhomogenous compared with that in the deposition ***,water cooling was found to govern bead characteristics,such as wall width and *** grain size and anisotropy of the mechanical properties also decreased in the water-cooled ***,water cooling is an economical and efficient method to mitigate excessive heat accumulation in WAAM-deposited IN718.

关键词： Air cooling Water cooling IN718 Bead characteristics Microstructure Electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)

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尼泊尔的灾害管理体制

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中国减灾 2004年第9期14卷 50-51页

作者： durga raj sharma 关妍不详尼泊尔内务部副秘书长

地理环境尼泊尔位于北纬26.22°-30.27°,东经80.04°-88.12°,国土面积为147181平方公里,主要位于喜玛拉雅山脉南坡.尼泊尔东西南面与印度接壤,北临中国.尼泊尔的人口约为2300万,人口年增长率为2.3%.分为5个行政区域,14个地区,75个小区... 详细信息

地理环境尼泊尔位于北纬26.22°-30.27°,东经80.04°-88.12°,国土面积为147181平方公里,主要位于喜玛拉雅山脉南坡.尼泊尔东西南面与印度接壤,北临中国.尼泊尔的人口约为2300万,人口年增长率为2.3%.分为5个行政区域,14个地区,75个小区,58个城市,3913个村委会.人口分布为南部平原集中,北部地区稀少.53%人口接受过普通教育.尼泊尔一般分为三个部分:Himalaya、Mid-hill和Terai地区.由于地理位置不同,尼泊尔的气候特征也不同.

关键词：自然灾害管理体制洪水滑坡火灾尼泊尔

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Outcome of patients with traumatic cranial nerve palsy admitted to a university hospital in Nepal

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第2期10卷 1-7页

作者： Kumari Khusbu Gautam Naveen Parajuli Monika Singh Shreejana Pradhananga Amit Sedai Gopal Shilpakar Sushil sharma Mohan raj Maharajgunj Medical Campus Institute of Medicine Tribhuvan University Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Research Institute of Medicine Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal Department of Neurosurgery Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Maharajgunj Kathmandu Nepal

Background Cranial nerve palsy (CNP) is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite a high incidence of TBI in Nepal (382 per 100,000), literature on the specific management and outcome of CNP is lacking. This study aimed to examine the outcomes of TBI patients involving single versus multiple *** A retrospective chart review of 170 consecutive TBI patients admitted to the tertiary neurosurgical center in Nepal between April 2020 and April 2022 was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and etiological characteristics; imaging findings; and management strategies were recorded, compared, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) was used to measure the outcomes in two groups of patients (single and multiple CNP) at 3 *** Out of 250 eligible patients, 80 were excluded and CNP was noted in 29 (17.1%) of the remaining 170. The median age was 34.9 years, and falls (60.6%) were the most common cause of trauma. TBI severity was categorized based on GCS: mild (82.4%), moderate (15.9%), and severe (1.8%). Cranial nerve involvement was seen in 29 (17.05%) patients: single cranial nerve involvement in 26 (89.65%) and multiple nerve involvement in 3 (10.34%). The most common isolated cranial nerve involved was the oculomotor nerve (37.9%). CT findings revealed a maximum of skull fractures with no significant association between CNP and CT *** CNP is a common consequence of TBI with the most common etiology being falls followed by RTA. Single CNP was more common than multiple CNP with no significant difference in the outcome in the 3-month GOSE score. Further research is needed to determine the burden of traumatic CNP and establish specific management guidelines for different types of CNP.

关键词： Cranial nerve palsy Nepal Outcome Traumatic brain injury

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A Distributed Model for Real-Time Flood Forecasting in the Godavari Basin Using Space Inputs

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2011年第3期2卷 31-40页

作者： Korada Hari Venkata durga Rao Vala Venkateshwar Rao Vinay Kumar Dadhwal Gandarbha Behera Jaswant raj sharma National Remote Sensing Centre Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) Hyderabad 500 625 India

Hydrological modelling of large river catchments has become a challenging task for water resources engineers due to its complexity in collecting and handling of both spatial and non-spatial data such as rainfall,gauge-discharge data,and topographic and hydraulic *** this article,a flood forecast model is developed for the Godavari Basin,India through a distributed modelling approach using space *** approach includes rainfall runoff modelling,hydrodynamic flow routing,calibration,and validation of the model with field discharge *** study basin is divided into 128 subbasins to improve the model *** and hydraulic parameters of each subbasin and channel are computed using the land use/land cover grid that is derived from the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite(IRS–P6) AWi FS sensor data(56 m resolution),Shuttled Radar Topographic Mission(SRTM) Digital Elevation Model(DEM),and the soil textural *** model is calibrated using the field hydrometeorological data of 2000 and validated with the data of *** model was tested during the 2010 floods with real-time 3-hour interval hydrometeorological and daily evapotranspiration *** in estimating the peak flood discharge and lag time was found to be very *** forecast lead time is increased by 12 hours compared to conventional methods of forecasting.

关键词： flood rainfall meteorological

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BACE1 inhibitors:A promising therapeutic approach for the management of Alzheimer’s disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第9期14卷 369-381页

作者： Richa Arya Smita Jain Sarvesh Paliwal Kirtika Madan Swapnil sharma Achal Mishra Prashant Tiwari Sunil Kumar Kadiri Banasthali University Banasthali-304022(Raj.)India Department of Pharmacy Guru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspurChhattisgarh-495009India Department of Pharmacology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesDayananda Sagar UniversityBengaluru-560111India

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder marked by the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ)aggregates,resulting from mutations in the amyloid precursor *** enzymeβ-secretase,also known asβ-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1),plays a crucial role in generating Aβ*** no targeted therapy available for Alzheimer’s disease,inhibiting BACE1 aspartic protease has emerged as a primary treatment *** 1999,compounds demonstrating potential binding to the BACE1 receptor have advanced to human *** optimization of synthetically derived compounds,coupled with computational approaches,has offered valuable insights for developing highly selective leads with drug-like *** review highlights pivotal studies on the design and development of BACE1 inhibitors as anti-Alzheimer’s disease *** summarizes computational methods employed in facilitating drug discovery for potential BACE1 inhibitors and provides an update on their clinical status,indicating future directions for novel BACE1 *** promising clinical results of Elenbecestat(E-2609)catalyze the development of effective,selective BACE1 inhibitors in the future.

关键词： BACE1 inhibitors Amyloid precursor protein β-secretase Structure-based drug design 3D-QSAR β-amyloid precursor protein

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Fusion of spherical-octupole pairs of colliding nuclei for compact and elongated configurations

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第1期46卷 146-156页

作者： Shivani Jain Manoj K.sharma raj Kumar School of Physics and Materials Science Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPatiala-147004PunjabIndia

The deformation and associated optimum/uniquely fixed orientations play an important role in the syn-thesis of compound nuclei via cold and hot fusion reactions,respectively,at the lowest and highest barrier *** choice of optimum orientation(0_(op))for the'cold or elongated'and hot or cormpact'fusion configurations of quadrupole(β_(2))deformed nuclei depends only on the+/-signs ofβ_(2)-deformation[***.G:***.31,631-644(2005)].In our recent study[***.C 101,051601(R)2020],we proposed a new sct of Oopt(iferent from the values reported for quadrupole deformed nuclei)after the inclusion of octupole deformation(up to B3)*** the respective 0op1 of B3-deformed nuclei for cold and hot optimum orientations,we analyzed the im-pact of the soft-and rigid-pear shapes of octupole deformed nuclei on the fusion barrier characterstics(barrier height Vg and barrier position RB).This analysis is applied to approximately 200 spherical-plus B3 deformed nucle-ar partners,that is,^(16)O,^(18)Cat octupole deformed *** with the compact configuration,the elongated fu-sion configuration has a relatively larger impact on the fusion barrier and cross sections ow ing to the inclusion of de-formations up to *** agreement with available experimental data for the^(16)O+^(150)Sm reaction(β_(22)-0.205,β_(32)=0.055)also improves when the optimum orientation degree of freedom is fixed in view of octupole *** reinforces the fact that nuclear structure effects play an important role in the nuclear fusion ***,octu-pole deformed nuclei can be used for the synthesis of heavy and superheavy nuclei.

关键词： nuclear fusion reactions fusion barrier heavy-ion reactions

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Phytochemical profile and pharmacological activity of Aegle marmelos Linn

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第3期16卷 153-163页

作者： Bikash Manandhar Keshav raj Paudel Biraj sharma rajendra Karki Department of Oriental Medicine Resources Mokpo National University School of Medicine and Public Health The University of Newcastle

Aegle marmelos Linn.（Rutaceae）, commonly known as ＂bael＂ in Nepal and India, is a valuable medicinal plant and is considered sacred by the Hindus. It is used to cure several diseases in the Indian traditional medicine system of Ayurveda and has had similar uses among many ethnic communities residing in Indian subcontinent for over 5000 years. Its leaves, bark, stem, fruits and seeds have been used for various medicinal purposes. Bael fruits are especially effective in the treatment of chronic diarrhea, dysentery and peptic ulcers, while they are also useful as a laxative and cure for respiratory infections. Scientific studies have validated many of the ethnomedicinal uses of A. marmelos, which include antibacterial,antiviral, antidiarrheal, gastroprotective, anti-ulcerative colitis, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, cardioprotective and radioprotective effects. Recently, this plant has also received attention as an anticancer agent for the treatment of various types of cancers. Thus, this review focuses on scientific evidence verifying the important pharmacological activity such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective,cardioprotective and anticancer activity of A. marmelos.

关键词： Aegle marmelos Ayurveda Ethnobotany Pharmacological activity

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Nelumbo Nucifera leaf extract attenuated pancreatic β-cells toxicity induced by interleukin-1β and interferon-γ, and increased insulin secrection of pancreatic β-cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第1期36卷 71-77页

作者： Bhesh raj sharma Min Suk Kim Dong Young Rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Medicine Industry Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 534-729Republic of Korea Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331The United States of America

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effect of Nelumbo Nucifera leaf water extract （NNLE） on insulinoma （RIN） cells induced by interleukin-1β （1L-1β） and interferon-g （IFN-γ）, and injured pancreatic β-cells induced by Streptozotocin （STZ） in rats. METHODS： The anti-oxidative effects of NNLE were assessed using 1,1 -diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl （DPPH） and nitric oxide （NO） scavenging assays. The inhibitory effect of NNLE on a-glucosidase and DPP （dipeptidyl peptidase）-IV was measured in vitro. Pancreatic 1β-cell protective and insulin secretory effects were assessed, using 1L-1β and IFN-γ-inducedrat RIN cells. STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with 50, 100, and 400 mg/kg NNLE for 4 weeks. The effects of NNLE on blood glucose （BG）, body weight （BW）, and lipid profiles were measured. RESULTS： NNLE inhibited DPPH, NO, aglucosidase, and DPP-Ⅳ which were directly linked to the function of β-cells. Furthermore, NNLE protected RIN cells from toxicity induced by 11-11β and IFN-γ, decreased NO production, and increased insulin secretion. NNLE caused a significant reduction in blood glucose, triglyceride （TG）, total cholesterol （TC）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, and creatinine in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, it significantly decreased BW loss in STZ-induced diabetic rats. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that NNLE reduced the toxicity in insulinoma cells and increased insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

关键词： Nelumbo Nucifera Diabetes mellitus Insulin Interleukin-lbeta Interferon-gamma Insulin-secreting cells Streptozotocin Glucose

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Flavonoids: emerging trends and potential health benefits

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014年第12期23卷 815-822页

作者： raj K.Keservani Anil K.sharma School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishawavidyalaya Department of Pharmaceutics Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Flavonoids are widely used in industry for the prevention of various diseases. In daily life we are directly in touch with flavonoids due to their presence in different beverages, fruits and vegetables. Flavonoids are mainly used as a coloring agent in plants, antioxidant and nutritional food for human. Flavonoids have explicit role in UV filtration, symbiotic nitrogen fixation and floral pigmentation. Flavonoids have potential for different biological activities like chelation of metals, decreasing platelets aggregation and cell signaling etc.

关键词： Flavones Antioxidant Flavonols Nutraceutical

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Anti-diabetic effects of Caulerpa lentillifera:stimulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells and enhancement of glucose uptake in adipocytes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第7期4卷 575-580页

作者： Bhesh raj sharma Dong Young Rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Medicine Industry Mokpo National University

Objective:To evaluate anti-diabetic effect of Caulrpa kntillifera(***).Methods:The inhibitory effect of *** extract on dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and a-glucosidase enzyme was measured in a cell free ***,interleukin-1βand interferon-γinduced cell death and insulin secretion were measured in rat insulinoma(RIN)cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and ELISA kit,*** uptake and glucose transporter expression were measured by fluorometry and western blotting,using 3T3-Ll ***:*** extract significantly decreased dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and a-glucosidase enzyme activities,and effectively inhibited cell death and iNOS expression in interleukin-1βand interfcron-γinduced RIK ***,*** extract significantly enhanced insulin secretion in RTN cells and glucose transporter expression and glucose uptake in ***:Thus,our results suggest that *** could be used as a potential antidiabetic agenl.

关键词： Gaulerpa lentillifera Diabetes Glucose uptake Insulin secretion RIN cells 3T3-1 1 adipocytes

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