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Efficient second harmonic generation by harnessing bound states in the continuum in semi-nonlinear etchless lithium niobate waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2774-2781页

作者： Xueshi Li Jiantao Ma Shunfa Liu Peinian Huang Bo Chen dunzhao wei Jin Liu State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-Sen University510275 GuangzhouChina

Integrated photonics provides unprecedented opportunities to pursue advanced nonlinear light sources with lowpower consumptions and small footprints in a scalable manner,such as microcombs,chip-scale optical parametric oscillators and integrated quantum light sources.Among a variety of nonlinear optical processes,high-efficiency second harmonic generation(SHG)on-chip is particularly appealing and yet challenging.In this work,we present efficient SHG in highly engineerable semi-nonlinear waveguides consisting of electron-beam resist waveguides and thin-film silicon nitride(SiN)/lithium niobate(LN).By carefully designing octave-separating bound states in the continuum(BICs)for the nonlinear interacting waves in such a hybrid structure,we have simultaneously optimized the losses for both fundamental frequency(FF)and second harmonic(SH)waves and achieved modal phasing matching and maximized the nonlinear modal overlap between the FF and SH waves,which results in an experimental conversion efficiency up to 4.05%W^(-1)cm^(-2).Our work provides a versatile and fabrication-friendly platform to explore on-chip nonlinear optical processes with high effciency in the context of nanophotonics and quantum optics.

关键词： nonlinear harmonic lithium

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Quasi-phase-matching-division multiplexing holography in a three-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第8期10卷 1520-1526页

作者： Pengcheng Chen Chaowei Wang dunzhao wei Yanlei Hu Xiaoyi Xu Jiawen Li Dong Wu Jianan Ma Shengyun Ji Leran Zhang Liqun Xu Tianxin Wang Chuan Xu Jiaru Chu Shining Zhu Min Xiao Yong Zhang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesSchool of Physicsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostruauresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Precision Machinery and Precision InstrumentationUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China. Department of Physics University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

Nonlinear holography has recently emerged as a novel tool to reconstruct the encoded information at a new wavelength,which has important applications in optical display and optical encryption.However,this scheme still struggles with low conversion efficiency and ineffective multiplexing.In this work,we demonstrate a quasi-phasematching(QPM)-division multiplexing holography in a three-dimensional(3D)nonlinear photonic crystal(NPC).3D NPC works as a nonlinear hologram,in which multiple images are distributed into different Ewald spheres in reciprocal space.The reciprocal vectors locating in a given Ewald sphere are capable of fulfilling the complete QPM conditions for the high-efficiency reconstruction of the target image at the second-harmonic(SH)wave.One can easily switch the reconstructed SH images by changing the QPM condition.The multiplexing capacity is scalable with the period number of 3D NPC.Our work provides a promising strategy to achieve highly efficient nonlinear multiplexing holography for high-security and high-density storage of optical information.

关键词： wave nonlinear matching

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Periodically poled LiNbO3 crystals from 1D and 2D to 3D

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 1110-1126页

作者： WANG TianXin CHEN PengCheng XU Chuan ZHANG Yong wei dunzhao HU XiaoPeng ZHAO Gang XIAO Min ZHU ShiNing National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand School of Physicsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

A periodically-poled LiNbO3(PPLN) crystal features space-dependent second-order nonlinear coefficients, which is one of the most important materials to effectively control nonlinear optical interactions through quasi-phase matching(QPM). By using electric-field poling method, 1D and 2D PPLN crystals have been successfully fabricated for laser frequency conversion, quantum light sources, nonlinear beam shaping and nonlinear optical imaging. Recently, femtosecond laser engineering technique is utilized to prepare 3D domain structures inside LiNbO3 crystal, which provides a promising platform to control nonlinear interacting waves in 3D configuration. After 40 years of developments, PPLN crystals still have exciting prospects in fundamental researches and practical applications for integrated photonic chip, quantum information processing,and so on.

关键词： periodically-poled LiNbO3 quasi-phase matching nonlinear optics

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Doubly resonant second-harmonic generation in a fiber-based tunable open microcavity

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Chinese Optics Letters 2023年第11期21卷 111-117页

作者：孔欣航刘卓俊宋丽军邱贵鑫王栩莹马剑涛魏敦钊刘进 State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Microcavities constructed from materials with a second-order nonlinear coefficient have enabled efficient second-harmonic(SH)generation at a low power level.However,it is still technically challenging to realize double resonance with large nonlinear modal overlap in a microcavity.Here,we propose a design for a robust,tunable,and easy coupling double-resonance SH generation based on the combination of a newly developed fiber-based Fabry-Perot microcavity and a sandwich structure,whose numerical SH conversion efficiency is up to 3000%W^(-1).This proposal provides a feasible way to construct ultra-efficient nonlinear devices for generation of classical and quantum light sources.

关键词： microcavity double resonance second-harmonic generation

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Three-dimensional LiNbO3 nonlinear photonic crystal

Three-dimensional LiNbO3 nonlinear photonic crystal

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第十八届全国量子光学学术会议

作者： dunzhao wei Chaowei Wang Huijun Wang Xiaopeng Hu Dan wei Xinyuan Fang 张勇 Dong Wu Yanfei Hu Jiawen Li Shining Zhu Min Xiao National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand School of PhysicsNanjing University CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Precision Machinery and Precision InstrumentationUniversity of Science and Technology of China Department of Physics University of Arkansas

Nonlinear photonic crystal（NPC）1, which possesses space-dependent second-order nonlinear susceptibility χ（2）, can effectively control nonlinear optical interactions through quasi-phase matching（QPM）2. 1 D NPC such as periodically poled Li NbO3 and Li TaO3 crystals have been widely used in laser frequency-conversion. The extension of NPC from 1 D to 2 D structures represents a milestone resulting in novel concepts and functions in many subfields of nonlinear optics. The full potential of NPC can only be utilized with 3 D modulation of χ（2）. However, the realization of 3 D NPC is far beyond the reach of traditional fabrication methods including the most popular electrical-field poling technique. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a novel type of 3 D Li NbO3 NPC by using a laser engineering technique3. Instead of trying to pole the ferroelectric domains in a Li NbO3 crystal, we use a femtosecond laser to selectively erase the nonlinear coefficient χ（2） of the Li NbO3 crystal. The nonlinear interacting waves in a periodically-poled Li NbO3 crystal are phase-modulated by the inverted ferroelectric domains, which, alternatively, are spatially amplitude-modulated in the laser-engineered Li NbO3 crystal. Such 3 D NPC provides a promising platform to fully control the nonlinear interacting waves under 3 D configuration.

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