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Homocysteine alters monocyte-endothelial interaction in vitro

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Chinese Medical Journal 2003年第1期116卷 34-38页

作者：郭雪微 dudman nicholas peter Center of Cardiovascular Disease Research Department of Medicine

Objective To determine whether homocysteine induced endothelial damage through monocyte-endothelial interaction and to characterize both cell types in vitro. Methods Radiomethods were performed on monocyte adhesion to/through endothelium and endothelial damage experiments. Results Homocysteine-treated endothelial cells increased monocyte adhesion and transmigration. Homocysteine-treated monocytes induced endothelial detachment, but this effect was blocked by catalase. These effects were increased with higher concentrations of homocysteine. Monocyte surface glycoprotein antibodies CD11b/CD18 and CD14 inhibited these *** Homocysteine alters monocyte-endothelial interaction in vitro, eventually bringing about endothelial damage through release of H 2O 2. These phenomena are mediated through monocyte surface glycoproteins CD11b/CD18 and CD14. Upregulation of these processes in vivo may contribute to acceleration of atherosclerosis in patients with elevated plasma homocysteine levels.

关键词： homocysteine endothelium monocytes

Getting Physical before a Medical Physical and How It Leads to Doctor Becoming Patient: A Curious Case of Transient Raised Transaminases

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期14卷 261-266页

作者： peter Cassar nicholas Delicata Department of Medicine Department of Nephrology and General Medicine Mater Dei Hospital Msida Malta Department of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Mater Dei Hospital Msida Malta

This case report sheds light on a curious case of rhabdomyolysis in an otherwise healthy twenty-eight-year-old male and its direct effect on liver function tests. This case report provides a fresh perspective on the doctor-patient dynamic where a medic becomes a doctor. Attention is also drawn to the mental and socioeconomic repercussions of having a health issue whilst applying for a home loan.

关键词： Rhabdomyolysis Transaminase Creatinine Kinase

Perturbation finite element solution for chemo-elastic boundary value problems under chemical equilibrium

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第5期35卷 981-991页

作者： peter L.Bishay Jan Sladek nicholas Fabry Vladimir Sladek Chuanzeng Zhang College of Engineering and Computer Science California State UniversityNorthridgeCAUSA Institute of Construction and Architecture Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia Department of Civil Engineering University of Siegen57068 SiegenGermany

Modeling the elastic behavior of solids in energy conversion and storage devices such as fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries is usually difficult because of the nonlinear characteristics and the coupled chemo-mechanical behavior of these *** this work,a perturbation finite element(FE)formulation is developed to analyze chemo-elastic boundary value problems(BVPs)under chemical *** perturbation method is applied to the FE equations because of the nonlinearity in the chemical potential expression as a function of solute *** compositional expansion coefficient is used as the perturbation *** the perturbation expansion,a system of partial differential equations for the displacement and dimensionless solute concentration functions is obtained and solved in consecutive *** presence of a numerical solution enables modeling 3D chemo-elastic solids,such as battery electrodes or ionic gels,of any geometric shape with defects of different *** proposed method is tested in several numerical examples such as plates with circular or elliptical holes,and *** numerical examples showed how the shape of the defect can change the distribution of solute concentration around the *** in chemo-elastic solids create sharp peaks in solute concentration around crack tips,and the intensity of these peaks increases as the far field solute concentration decreases.

关键词： Chemical potential Solute concentration Compositional expansion coefficient 2D stationary problem

Extraction,quantification and characterization of oil from pumpkin seeds

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第1期8卷 98-102页

作者： Tonny Kukeera Noble Banadda peter Tumutegyereize nicholas Kiggundu Ratibu Asuman Department of Agricultural&Bio-Systems Engineering Makerere UniversityKampalaUganda Chemistry Laboratory Uganda Industrial Research InstituteKampalaUganda

A quantification and characterization study of oil from pumpkin seeds was carried out on three pumpkin varieties,namely,Japanese type of the Curcubita maxima species,Green Kabocha and butternut squash of the Cucurbita moschanta *** extraction was done using the Soxhlet method with petroleum ether as the *** physicochemical properties of acid value,iodine value,specific gravity and refractive index were *** results were analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA at a 5% level of *** mean values of oil content,acid value,iodine value,specific gravity and refractive index for Japanese type pumpkin were found to be 35.67%,2.24 mg KOH/g,26.45 mg I2/100 g,0.9126 and 1.47,*** Green Kabocha,the mean values of the above five properties were 30.12%,3.35 mg KOH/g,25.3 mg I2/100 g,0.9126 and 1.469,*** the Butternut squash type the mean values of the above five properties were 34.76%,3.74 mg KOH/g,26.61 mg I2,0.9131 and 1.471,*** can be noted that from the low acid values of the pumpkin oil,pumpkin oil can be identified as *** the low iodine value indicated that the pumpkin oil was *** addition,the low iodine value also suggested that the oil contains few unsaturated bonds and therefore has low susceptibility to oxidative *** a comparison of extraction rates from other oil sources in Uganda such as cotton(15%-20%),soybeans(19%-21%),the obtained results in this study suggested that pumpkin seeds are a viable source of vegetable oils that can be utilized for commercial vegetable oil extraction in Uganda.

关键词： pumpkin seeds pumpkin varieties oil extraction physicochemical properties vegetable oil characterization

Characterization of colonic dendritic cells in normal and colitic mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第40期11卷 6338-6347页

作者： Sheena M Cruickshank nicholas R English peter J Felsburg Simon R Carding Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology Antigen Presentation Research Group Department of Clinical Science

AIM： Recent studies demonstrating the direct involvement of dendritic cells （DC） in the activation of pathogenic T cells in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease identify DC as important antigen presenting cells in the colon. However, very little is known about the properties of colonic DC. METHODS： Using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and flow cytometry we have characterized and compared colonic DC in the colon of healthy animals and interleukin-2-deficient （IL2-/-） mice that develop colitis. RESULTS： In the healthy colon, DC resided within the lamina propria and in close association with the basement membrane of colonic villi. Type i myeloid （CD11c^＋, CD11b^＋, B220, CD8） DC made up the largest （40-45%） population and all DC expressed low levels of CD80, CD86, and CD40, and had high endooltic activity consistent with an immature phenotype. In colitic IL2-/- mice, colonic DC numbers increased four- to five-fold and were localized within the epithelial layer and within aggregates of T and B cells. They were also many more DC in mesenteric lymph nodes （MLN）. The majority （〉85%） of DC in the colon and MLN of IL2./ mice were type 1 myeloid, and expressed high levels of MHC class II, CD80, CD86, CD40, DEC 205, and CCR5 molecules and were of low endocytic activity consistent with mature DC. CONCLUSION： These findings demonstrate striking changes in the number, distribution and phenotype of DC in the inflamed colon. Their intimate association with lymphocytes in the colon and draining lymph nodes suggest that they may contribute directly to the ongoing inflammation in the colon.

关键词： Colonic dendritic cells Interleukin 2 Colitis

Seasonal resource selection of an arboreal habitatspecialist in a human-dominated landscape: A case studyusing red panda

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 1-11页

作者： Damber Bista Greg S.Baxter nicholas J.Hudson peter J.Murray School of Agriculture and Food Sciences(Wildlife Science Unit) The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Agriculture and Environmental Science University of Southern QueenslandDarling HeightsQLD 4350Australia

Human-dominated landscapes provide heterogeneous wildlife habitat. Conservation of habitat specialists, like red pandas Ailurus fulgens, inhabiting such landscapes is challenging. Therefore, information on resource use across spatial and temporal scales could enable informed-decisionmaking with better conservation outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of geo-physical, vegetation, and disturbance variables on fine-scalehabitat selection of red pandas in one such landscape. We equipped 10 red pandas with GPS collars in eastern Nepal in 2019 and monitoredthem for 1 year. Our analysis was based on a generalized-linear-mixed model. We found the combined effect of geo-physical, vegetation, anddisturbance variables resulted in differences in resource selection of red pandas and that the degree of response to these variables variedacross seasons. Human disturbances, especially road and cattle herding activities, affected habitat utilization throughout the year whereas othervariables were important only during restricted periods. For instance, geo-physical variables were influential in the premating and cub-rearingseasons while vegetation variables were important in all seasons other than premating. Red pandas selected steeper slopes with high solarinsolation in the premating season while they occupied elevated areas and preferred specific aspects in the cub-rearing season. Furthermore,the utilized areas had tall bamboo in the birthing and cub-rearing seasons while they also preferred diverse tree species and high shrub coverin the latter. Our study demonstrates the significance of season-specific management, suggests the importance of specific types of vegetationduring biologically crucial periods, and emphasizes the necessity to minimize disturbances throughout the year.

关键词： Ailurus fulgens anthropogenic disturbances habitat specialists habitat utilization resource use spatio-temporal variation vegetation

Cold burn injuries in the UK: the 11-year experience of a tertiary burns centre

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第4期4卷 299-306页

作者： Metin Nizamoglu Alethea Tan Tobias Vickers nicholas Segaren David Barnes peter Dziewulski St Andrew Plastics and Burns Unit Court RoadChelmsford CM17ETUK The University of Adelaide AdelaideSouth Australia 5005Australia

Background:Guidance for the management of thermal injuries has evolved with improved understanding of burn *** for the management of cold burn injuries is not widely *** management of these burns differs from the standard management of thermal *** study aimed to review the etiology and management of all cold burns presenting to a large regional burn centre in the UK and to provide a simplified management pathway for cold ***:An 11-year retrospective analysis(1 January 2003–31 December 2014)of all cold injuries presenting to a regional burns centre in the UK was *** case notes were reviewed for injury mechanism,first aid administered,treatment outcomes and time to *** anonymized nationwide survey on aspects of management of cold burns was disseminated between 13 July 2015–5 October 2015 to British Association of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons(BAPRAS)and Plastic Surgery Trainees Association(PLASTA)members in the *** searches of MEDLINE,EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were performed to identify relevant literature to provide evidence for a management pathway for cold burn ***:Twenty-three patients were *** range was 8 months–69 *** body surface area(TBSA)burn ranged from 0.25 to 5%.Twenty cases involved peripheral ***(73.9%)cases were accidental,with the remaining six(26.1%)cases being deliberate self-inflicted *** eight patients received first *** except one patient were managed *** case required skin graft application due to delayed *** received 52 responses from a total of 200 *** percent of responders think clearer guidelines should *** present a simplified management pathway based on evidence identified in our literature ***:Cold burns are uncommon in comparison to other types of burn *** the UK,a disproportionate number of cold burn injuries are

关键词： Cold burn Guideline Survey Treatment

Estimation of spatial and temporal water requirements of grain amaranth using satellite,local and virtual weather stations datasets in Uganda

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第2期9卷 85-97页

作者： Joseph Kyagulanyi Isa Kabenge Noble Banadda John Muyonga peter Mulamba nicholas Kiggundu Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Makerere University P.O Box 7062 KampalaUganda

In this study,an integrated approach incorporating Remote Sensing(RS),Geographical Information System(GIS),local meteorological weather stations’data and NASA’s virtual meteorological stations’data were used to quantify Grain Amaranth(GA)water requirements in ***-Monieth method within CropWAT8 model and Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land(SEBAL)Model was used to quantify the *** Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),daily spatial distribution of Evapotranspiration(ET),Land Surface Temperature(LST)and surface albedo were extracted from satellite *** ratio of effective rainfall(Pe)to Potential Evapotranspiration(PET)–(Pe/PET)and time series for NDVI were computed to determine the growth stage of GA in different *** GA water demand was the highest in Karamoja sub-region(467.5 mm/season)and the lowest in Tororo(174.1 mm/season).The growing season for GA in most areas of Uganda was from March to *** of evapotranspiration in Karamoja sub-region with SEBAL model corresponded to the NDVI extracted,especially for highly vegetated *** indicated that if GA was planted during the late September and early October in Karamoja sub-region,despite the decreasing moisture levels,the crop could have sufficient water supply during emergence to *** ability to utilize low available moisture levels makes GA a potential crop to bridge the gap(due to the elongated drought)for the food production cycle in Karamoja sub-region.

关键词： grain amaranth water requirement remote sensing SEBAL evapotranspiration Uganda

Cirrhotic portal hypertension: From pathophysiology to novel therapeutics

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第40期26卷 6111-6140页

作者： Lakmie S Gunarathne Harinda Rajapaksha nicholas Shackel peter W Angus Chandana B Herath Department of Medicine Melbourne Medical SchoolThe University of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia School of Molecular Science College of ScienceHealth and EngineeringLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia ANZAC Research Institute ConcordNSW 2139Australia Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia South Western Sydney Clinical School Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesIngham Institute for Applied Medical Research1 Campbell StreetLiverpoolNSW 2170Australia

Portal hypertension and bleeding from gastroesophageal varices is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Portal hypertension is initiated by increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. The latter is characterized by a high cardiac output, increased total blood volume and splanchnic vasodilatation, resulting in increased mesenteric blood flow. Pharmacological manipulation of cirrhotic portal hypertension targets both the splanchnic and hepatic vascular beds. Drugs such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin Ⅱ type receptor 1 blockers, which target the components of the classical renin angiotensin system(RAS), are expected to reduce intrahepatic vascular tone by reducing extracellular matrix deposition and vasoactivity of contractile cells and thereby improve portal hypertension. However, these drugs have been shown to produce significant offtarget effects such as systemic hypotension and renal failure. Therefore, the current pharmacological mainstay in clinical practice to prevent variceal bleeding and improving patient survival by reducing portal pressure is non-selective-blockers(NSBBs). These NSBBs work by reducing cardiac output and splanchnic vasodilatation but most patients do not achieve an optimal therapeutic response and a significant proportion of patients are unable to tolerate these *** statins, used alone or in combination with NSBBs, have been shown to improve portal pressure and overall mortality in cirrhotic patients, further randomized clinical trials are warranted involving larger patient populations with clear clinical end points. On the other hand, recent findings from studies that have investigated the potential use of the blockers of the components of the alternate RAS provided compelling evidence that could lead to the development of drugs targeting the splanchnic vascular bed to inhibit splanchnic vasodilatation in portal hypertension. This rev

关键词： Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Intrahepatic vascular resistance Hyperdynamic circulatory state Splanchnic vasodilatation Portal blood flow Non-selective betablockers Alternate renin angiotensin system