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Robust Facial Biometric Authentication system Using Pupillary Light Reflex for Liveness Detection of Facial Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 725-739页

作者： Puja s.Prasad Adepu sree Lakshmi sandeep Kautish simar Preet singh Rajesh Kumar shrivastava Abdulaziz s.Almazyad Hossam M.Zawbaa Ali Wagdy Mohamed CsE Department Geethanjali College of EngineeringHyderabadTelangana501301India Department of Computer science LBEF CampusKathmandu44600Nepal school of Computer science Engineering and Technology(sCsET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia CeADAR Ireland’s Centre for AI Technological University DublinDublinD07 EWV4Ireland Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

Pupil dynamics are the important characteristics of face spoofing *** face recognition system is one of the most used biometrics for authenticating individual *** main threats to the facial recognition system are different types of presentation attacks like print attacks,3D mask attacks,replay attacks,*** proposed model uses pupil characteristics for liveness detection during the authentication *** pupillary light reflex is an involuntary reaction controlling the pupil’s diameter at different light *** proposed framework consists of two-phase *** the first phase,the pupil’s diameter is calculated by applying stimulus(light)in one eye of the subject and calculating the constriction of the pupil size on both eyes in different video *** above measurement is converted into feature space using Kohn and Clynes model-defined *** support Vector Machine is used to classify legitimate subjects when the diameter change is normal(or when the eye is alive)or illegitimate subjects when there is no change or abnormal oscillations of pupil behavior due to the presence of printed photograph,video,or 3D mask of the subject in front of the *** the second phase,we perform the facial recognition ***-invariant feature transform(sIFT)is used to find the features from the facial images,with each feature having a size of a 128-dimensional *** features are scale,rotation,and orientation invariant and are used for recognizing facial *** brute force matching algorithm is used for matching features of two different *** threshold value we considered is 0.08 for good *** analyze the performance of the framework,we tested our model in two Face antispoofing datasets named Replay attack datasets and CAsIA-sURF datasets,which were used because they contain the videos of the subjects in each sample having three modalities(RGB,IR,Depth).The CAsIA-sURF datasets showed an 89.9%Equal Err

关键词： sIFT pupil CAsIA-sURF pupillary light reflex replay attack dataset brute force

Meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第17期14卷 2650-2661页

作者： Lynne V McFarland sascha dublin Department of Health services Research and Development Group Health Center for Health studies

Irritable bowel syndrome （IBs） is a chronic condition affecting 3%-25% of the general population. As no curative treatment is available, therapy is aimed at reducing symptoms, often with little success. Because alteration of the normal intestinal microflora has been observed in IBs, probiotics （beneficial microbes taken to improve health） may be useful in reducing symptoms. This paper systematically reviews randomized, controlled, blinded bials of probiotics for the treatment of IBs and synthesizes data on efficacy across trials of adequate quality. Pubr4ed, Medline, Google scholar, NIH registry of clinical trials, metaRegister, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1982-2007. We also conducted secondary searches of reference lists, reviews, commentaries, relevant articles on associated diseases, books and meeting abstracts. Twenty trials with 23 probiotic treatment arms and a total of 1404 subjects met inclusion criteria. Probiotic use was associated with improvement in global IBs symptoms compared to placebo [pooled relative risk （RRpooled） 0.77, 95% confidence interval （95% CI） 0.62-0.94]. Probiotics were also associated with less abdominal pain compared to placebo [RRpooled = 0.78 （0.69-0.88）]. Too few studies reported data on other IBs symptoms or on specific probiotic strains to allow estimation of a pooled RR. While our analyses suggest that probiotic use may be associated with improvement in IBs symptoms compared to placebo, these results should be interpreted with caution, given the methodological limitations of contributing studies. Probiotics warrant further study as a potential therapy for IBs.

关键词： Probiotics Meta-analysis Irritable bowel syndrome

DIsCRETE MODELLING OF TWO-DIMENsIONAL LIQUID FOAMs

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China Particuology 2003年第5期1卷 206-211页

作者： Qicheng sun Physics Department, Trinity College, dublin 2, Ireland E-mail: sunq@tcd.ie Physics Department Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland

Liquid foam is a dense random packing of gas or liquid bubbles in a small amount of immiscible liquid containing surfactants. The liquid within the Plateau borders, although small in volume, causes considerable difficulties to the investigation of the spatial structure and physical properties of foams, and the situation becomes even more com-plicated as the fluid flows. To solve these problems, a discrete model of two-dimensional liquid foams on the bubble scale is proposed in this work. The bubble surface is represented with finite number of nodes, and the liquid within Plateau borders is discretized into lattice particles. The gas in bubbles is treated as ideal gas at constant temperatures. This model is tested by choosing an arbitrary shape bubble as the initial condition. This then automatically evolves into a cir-cular shape, which indicates that the surface energy minimum routine is obeyed without calling external controlling con-ditions. Without inserting liquid particle among the bubble channels, periodic ordered and disordered dry foams are both simulated, and the fine foam structures are developed. Wet foams are also simulated by inserting fluid among bubble channels. The calculated coordination number, as a function of liquid fractions, agrees well with the standard values.

关键词： liquid foam soft matter physics lattice gas method discretization

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Effect of Cooling Methods on the Cooling Efficiencies and Qualities of Cooked Broccoli and Carrot slices

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Effect of Cooling Methods on the Cooling Efficiencies and Qu...

Effect of Cooking Bag and Netting on the Quality of Water Cooked Ham

国际农业工程大会

作者： Zhihang Zhang and Da-Wen sunFRCFT Group Department of Biosystems Engineering University College dublin National University of Ireland Earlsfort Terrace dublin 2 Ireland.

＜正＞ Ready meal is more and more popular. Ready meal needs high hygenic requirement. Therefore, in order to reduce multify of bacteria and recontamination, cooked ready meal should be chilled as soon as possible. In comparison with conventional cooling methods, vacuum cooling is proved to be an efficient cooling method. The purpose of the current study is to compare the efficiencies of cooling of cooked carrot slices and broccoli, which is often used in ready meal, using vacuum cooling and conventional cooling methods, such as blast cooling, cold room cooling and plate cooling.

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Effect of Cooking Bag and Netting on the Quality of Water Co...

Multi-classification of Pizza sauce spread by support Vector Machine （sVM）

国际农业工程大会

作者： Qiaofen Cheng Da-Wen sun and Chengjin DuFRCFT Group Department of Biosystems Engineering University College dublin National University of Ireland Earlsfort Terrace dublin 2 Ireland.

＜正＞ Water cooking is a commonly used method to stimulate changes in food texture and heating processing. However, the study related to the effect of package materials on the quality of cooked meat were still scarce. As a preliminary trial for vacuum cooling in the water, the effect of cooking ham in bag and netting on the textural and nutritional quality of ham was studied in this experiment.

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Multi-classification of Pizza Sauce Spread by Support Vector...

Characterization of the Activity, Mineralogy and Correlations between the Properties of Clayey soils

国际农业工程大会

作者： Cheng-Jin Du and Da-Wen sunFRCFT Group Department of Biosystems Engineering University College dublin National University of Ireland Earlsfort Terrace dublin 2 Ireland.

＜正＞ Manual inspection of pizza sauce spread is laborious, costly, and highly sensitive to human error due to its subjective and inconsistent nature. Image processing techniques combined with machine learning could provide an objective and consistent way for automated quality evaluation of pizza sauce spread. The objective of this study was to present an algorithm for multi-classification of pizza sauce spread by combining image processing techniques with support Vector Machine （sVM）.

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2022年第5期10卷 410-428页

作者： Louis Ahouet sorel Dzaba Brice dublin Mbossa Elenga sylvain Ndinga Okina Fabien T. Kimbatsa Higher Institute of Architecture Urbanism Building and Public Works Denis Sassou N’guesso University Brazzaville Congo Higher Polytechnic National school (ENsP) Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Building and Publics Works Control Office (BCBTP) Brazzaville Congo

The activity is related to the mineralogy and geological history of clays. soils with the same value of the liquidity limit or plasticity index can have very different characteristics depending on the amount and type of clay minerals. The methylene blue value characterizes the activity of the clays and reflects the surface activity. Ten inactive soils contain minerals (kaolinite, illite), these soils absorb little water. Two swelling soils have normal activity and are composed of minerals (kaolinite, illite, Montmorillonite). The relationships between clayey soils properties, their activities and between the activity and the liquidity limit are defined. The correlations obtained are linear fit and exponential and sigmoidal fits. The correlations obtained with a coefficient of determination of Rsup>2sup> (0.859 - 0.999) can be used to characterize and predict certain parameters of fine-grained soils as a function of clay content.

关键词： Activity specific surface Area Cation Exchange Capacity Mineralogy Atterberg Limit

Output only modal identification and structural damage detection using time frequency & wavelet techniques

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第4期8卷 583-605页

作者： s.Nagarajaiah B.Basu Dept.of Civil & Environmental Eng.and Dept.of Mechanical Eng.& Material sc. Rice University Dept.of Civil Structural& Environmental Eng.Trinity College Dublin

The primary objective of this paper is to develop output only modal identification and structural damage detection. Identification of multi-degree of freedom （MDOF） linear time invariant （LTI） and linear time variant （LTV--due to damage） systems based on Time-frequency （TF） techniques--such as short-time Fourier transform （sTFT）, empirical mode decomposition （EMD）, and wavelets--is proposed. sTFT, EMD, and wavelet methods developed to date are reviewed in detail. In addition a Hilbert transform （HT） approach to determine frequency and damping is also presented. In this paper, sTFT, EMD, HT and wavelet techniques are developed for decomposition of free vibration response of MDOF systems into their modal components. Once the modal components are obtained, each one is processed using Hilbert transform to obtain the modal frequency and damping ratios. In addition, the ratio of modal components at different degrees of freedom facilitate determination of mode shape. In cases with output only modal identification using ambient/random response, the random decrement technique is used to obtain free vibration response. The advantage of TF techniques is that they arc signal based; hence, can be used for output only modal identification. A three degree of freedom 1：10 scale model test structure is used to validate the proposed output only modal identification techniques based on sTFT, EMD, HT, wavelets. Both measured free vibration and forced vibration （white noise） response are considered. The secondary objective of this paper is to show the relative ease with which the TF techniques can be used for modal identification and their potential for real world applications where output only identification is essential. Recorded ambient vibration data processed using techniques such as the random decrement technique can be used to obtain the free vibration response, so that further processing using TF based modal identification can be performed.

关键词： Time-frequency methods short time Fourier transform Hilbert transform wavelets modal identification:output only structural health monitoring damage detection

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Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

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science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LHAAsO Collaboration Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.J.Bi Y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang A.M.Chen E.s.Chen H.X.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen M.J.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen s.Chen s.H.Chen s.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.Y.Cui s.W.Cui X.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan J.H.Fan Y.Z.Fan J.Fang J.H.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng H.Feng L.Feng s.H.Feng X.T.Feng Y.Feng Y.L.Feng s.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge L.s.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu F.L.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He J.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu s.C.Hu D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.J.Huang X.T.Huang X.Y.Huang Y.Huang X.L.Ji H.Y.Jia K.Jia K.Jiang X.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang M.Jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li F.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li Jian Li Jie Li K.Li s.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang s.J.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu s.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.H.Ma J.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.J.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei J.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.sáiz M.saeed D.semikoz L.shao O.shchegolev X.D.sheng F.W.shu H.C.song Yu.V.stenkin V.stepanov Y.su D.X.sun Q.N.sun X.N.sun Z.B.sun J.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang H.G.Wang H.H.Wang J.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang P.H.Wang R.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Z.H.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.M.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu s.Wu X.F.Wu Y.s.Wu s.Q.Xi J.Xia G.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.F.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.H.Yan J.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang F.Yang F.F.Yang L.L.Yang M.J.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H.Yu Q.Yuan H.Yue H.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng M.Zha B.B.Zhang F.Zhang H.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina dublin Institute for Advanced studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany school of Physical science and Technology&school of Information science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China school of Astronomy and space science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&school of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of sciences Moscow 117312Russia Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China University of science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China state Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China school of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China school of Physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&school of Physics(Guangzhou)&sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(CRs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(sNR)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large High Altitude Air shower Observatory(LHAAsO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2 to 200 *** LHAAsO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from Fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~200 TeV in the CR proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of sNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic CRs.

关键词： UHE c-ray Cosmic rays sNR W51C star clusters

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