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Mouse models in male fertility research

Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 139-151页

作者： duangporn jamsai moira k o＇bryan Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology The Australian Research Council （ARC） Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Development Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3800 Australia

Limited knowledge of the genetic causes of male infertility has resulted in few treatment and targeted therapeutic options. Although the ideal approach to identify infertility causing mutations is to conduct studies in the human population, this approach has progressed slowly due to the limitations described herein. Given the complexity of male fertility, the entire process cannot be modeled in vitro. As such, animal models, in particular mouse models, provide a valuable alternative for gene identification and experimentation. Since the introduction of molecular biology and recent advances in animal model production, there has been a substantial acceleration in the identification and characterization of genes associated with many diseases, including infertility. Three major types of mouse models are commonly used in biomedical research, including knockoutJknockin/gene-trapped, transgenic and chemical-induced point mutant mice. Using these mouse models, over 400 genes essential for male fertility have been revealed. It has, however, been estimated that thousands of genes are involved in the regulation of the complex process of male fertility, as many such genes remain to be characterized. The current review is by no means a comprehensive list of these mouse models, rather it contains examples of how mouse models have advanced our knowledge of post-natal germ cell development and male fertility regulation.

关键词： infertility male fertility mouse models spermatogenesis

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The role of cysteine-rich secretory proteins in male fertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 111-117页

作者： Adam J koppers Thulasimala Reddy moira k o＇bryan Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology School of Biomedical Sciences Monash University Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia

The cysteine-rich secretory proteins （CRISPs） are a subgroup of the CRISP, antigen 5 and Pr-1 （CAP） protein superfamily, and are found only in vertebrates. They show a strong expression bias to the mammalian male reproductive tract and the venom of poisonous reptiles. Within the male reproductive tract CRISPs have been implicated in many aspects of male germ cell biology spanning haploid germ cell development, epididymal maturation, capacitation, motility and the actual processes of fertilization. At a structural level, CRISPs are composed of two domains, a CAP domain, which has been implicated in cell-cell adhesion, and a CRISP domain, which has been shown to regulate several classes of ion channels across multiple species. Herein, we will review the current literature on the role of CRISPs in male fertility, and by inference to related non-mammalian protein, infer potential biochemical functions.

关键词： CRISPs epididymis fertility spermatozoa testis

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