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Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation and its applications to the studies of weather and climate predictability

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第21期50卷 2401-2407页

作者： mu mu duan Wansuo LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Belling 100029 China

Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) is the initial perturbation that has the largest nonlinear evolution at prediction time for initial perturba-tions satisfying certain physical constraint condition. It does not only represent the optimal precursor of certain weather or climate event, but also stand for the initial error which has largest effect on the prediction uncertainties at the prediction time. In sensitivity and stability analyses of fluid motion, CNOP also describes the most unstable (or most sensitive) mode. CNOP has been used to estimate the upper bound of the prediction error. These physical characteristics of CNOP are examined by applying respectively them to ENSO pre-dictability studies and ocean’s thermohaline circulation (THC) sensitivity analysis. In ENSO predictability studies, CNOP, rather than linear singular vector (LSV), represents the initial patterns that evolve into ENSO events most poten-tially, i.e. the optimal precursors for ENSO events. When initial perturbation is considered to be the initial error of ENSO, CNOP plays the role of the initial error that has larg-est effect on the prediction of ENSO. CNOP also derives the upper bound of prediction error of ENSO events. In the THC sensitivity and stability studies, by calculating the CNOP (most unstable perturbation) of THC, it is found that there is an asymmetric nonlinear response of ocean’s THC to the finite amplitude perturbations. Finally, attention is paid to the feasibility of CNOP in more complicated model. It is shown that in a model with higher dimensions, CNOP can be computed successfully. The corresponding optimization algo-rithm is also shown to be efficient.

关键词：天气预报气候变化非线性动态特性大气流

A new approach to studying ENSO predictability:Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第10期48卷 1045-1047页

作者： mu mu & duan Wansuo LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

A new approach, the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) is introduced to study the predictability of El Ni駉-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) using a theoretical coupled ocean-atmosphere model. The differences between CNOP and linear singular vector (LSV) are demonstrated. The results suggest that the nonlinear model and CNOP are superior in determining error growth for studying predictability of the ENSO. In particular, the CNOP approach is used to explore the nature of the 憇pring predictability barrier?in ENSO prediction.

关键词：研究方法非线性最优混乱条件天气预报 ENSO模型海洋大气模型

卵裂期胚胎复苏后培养至囊胚移植对RIF患者妊娠结局的影响

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生殖医学杂志 2024年第9期33卷 1165-1170页

作者：潘璠端木家苗徐何荣王珊珊南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院生殖医学和妇产医学中心南京210008

目的探讨对于反复种植失败(RIF)的患者,解冻卵裂期胚胎继续培养至囊胚移植能否改善患者的妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2022年12月在我院生殖医学科接受冻融胚胎移植(FET)治疗的587例RIF患者的临床资料,根据不同的胚胎移植方案分... 详细信息

目的探讨对于反复种植失败(RIF)的患者,解冻卵裂期胚胎继续培养至囊胚移植能否改善患者的妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2022年12月在我院生殖医学科接受冻融胚胎移植(FET)治疗的587例RIF患者的临床资料,根据不同的胚胎移植方案分为3组:解冻卵裂期胚胎继续培养至囊胚移植的为A组(n=45),解冻卵裂期胚胎移植的为B组(n=299),解冻囊胚移植的为C组(n=243);同时,将C组按解冻的囊胚发育时期分为移植第5天囊胚组(C-D5组,n=183)和移植第6天囊胚组(C-D6组,n=60),比较各组HCG阳性率、种植率、临床妊娠率、流产率、活产率等妊娠结局以及平均孕周和新生儿出生体重。结果选择解冻卵裂期胚胎继续培养至囊胚移植方案的患者初始有56例,11例患者(19.64%)因囊胚培养失败而取消周期。妊娠结局比较中,与B组相比,A组和C组的HCG阳性率(62.22%、57.61%vs.45.15%)、种植率(49.12%、44.48%vs.33.07%)及活产率(48.89%、44.03%vs.33.78%)均显著升高(P0.05);与C-D6组相比,A组和C-D5组的种植率(49.12%、48.70%vs.29.33%)、临床妊娠率(57.78%、56.28%vs.38.33%)及活产率(48.89%、49.18%vs.28.33%)均显著升高(P0.05);A组和C-D6组新生儿出生体重显著高于C-D5组(P<0.05)。结论解冻卵裂期胚胎继续培养至囊胚移植可能在一定程度上能够改善RIF患者的妊娠结局。在FET周期中,若患者有D5囊胚冻存,建议优先解冻移植;若无冻存D5囊胚,可以尝试解冻卵裂期胚胎继续培养囊胚后移植,以获得较好的临床结局。

关键词：反复种植失败冻融胚胎移植囊胚培养妊娠结局

低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描与血清CA153及SCC检验对肺部炎性和癌性结节的鉴别

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中国医疗器械信息 2024年第8期30卷 26-28页

作者：黄翔静李锡忠穆端谢应朗雅安职业技术学院临床医学院(附属医院)放射科四川雅安625000 雅安市人民医院放射科四川雅安625000

目的:探析低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描与血清糖类抗原(CA153)、鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原(SCC)检验对肺部炎性和癌性结节鉴别的应用价值。方法:择取2021年1月~2023年1月本校直管和非直管附属医院收治的疑似肺癌患者100例,所有患者均接受低剂量多层螺... 详细信息

目的:探析低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描与血清糖类抗原(CA153)、鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原(SCC)检验对肺部炎性和癌性结节鉴别的应用价值。方法:择取2021年1月~2023年1月本校直管和非直管附属医院收治的疑似肺癌患者100例,所有患者均接受低剂量多层螺旋CT、血清CA153以及SCC检查,以肺穿刺活检病理诊断结果为诊断金标准,分析低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描与血清CA153、SCC检验对肺炎性和癌性结节鉴别诊断中的应用价值。结果:低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描鉴别诊断肺癌患者准确度为89.00%,灵敏度为91.07%,特异度为86.36%;低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描与血清CA153、SCC检验对肺炎性结节、肺癌性结节诊断的AUC分别为0.887、0.845、0.843。结论:低剂量多层螺旋CT扫描鉴别诊断肺癌性结节、肺炎良性结节中的临床价值较高。

关键词：低剂量多层螺旋CT 血清糖类抗原鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原肺炎性结节肺癌

Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in 80-t 9CrMoCoB large-scale ingots during electroslag remelting process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1525-1539页

作者： Shengchao duan Min Joo Lee Yao Su Wangzhong mu Dong Soo Kim Joo Hyun Park School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 15588Rep.of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyBrinellvägen 23Stockholm 10044Sweden Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics Division of Materials ScienceLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Casting&Forging Business Unit Nuclear Business GroupDoosan EnerbilityChangwon 51711Rep.of Korea

In combination with theoretical calculations,experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution behavior of nonmetallic inclusions(NMIs)during the manufacture of large-scale heat-resistant steel ingots using 9CrMoCoB heat-resistant steel and CaF_(2)–CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–B_(2)O_(3)electroslag remelting(ESR)-type slag in an 80-t industrial ESR *** main types of NMI in the consumable electrode comprised pure alumina,a multiphase oxide consisting of an Al_(2)O_(3)core and liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–MnO shell,and M_(23)C_(6)carbides with an MnS *** Al_(2)O_(3)and MnS inclusions had higher precipitation temperatures than the M_(23)C_(6)-type carbide under equilibrium and nonequilibrium solidification ***,inclusions can act as nucleation sites for carbide layer *** ESR process completely removed the liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–MnO oxide and MnS inclusion with a carbide shell,and only the Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions and Al_(2)O_(3)core with a carbide shell occupied the remelted *** M_(23)C_(6)-type carbides in steel were determined as Cr_(23)C_(6)based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy *** substitution of Cr with W,Fe,or/and Mo in the Cr_(23)C_(6)lattice caused slight changes in the lattice parameter of the Cr_(23)C_(6)***,Cr_(21.34)Fe_(1.66)C_(6),(Cr_(19)W_(4)C_(6),Cr_(18.4)Mo_(4.6)C_(6),and Cr_(16)Fe_(5)Mo_(2)C_(6)can match the fraction pattern of Cr_(23)C_(6)*** Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions in the remelted ingot formed due to the reduction of CaO,SiO_(2),and MnO components in the liquid *** increased Al content in liquid steel or the higher supersaturation degree of Al_(2)O_(3)precipitation in the remelted ingot than that in the electrode can be attributed to the evaporation of CaF_(2)and the increase in CaO content in the ESR-type slag.

关键词： nonmetallic inclusion heat-resistant steel electroslag remelting M_(23)C_(6) carbide MnS inclusion supersaturation degree

Visualizing Wallerian degeneration in the corticospinal tract after sensorimotor cortex ischemia in mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 636-641页

作者： Jiao mu Liufang Hao Zijue Wang Xuyang Fu Yusen Li Fei Hao Hongmei duan Zhaoyang Yang Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Stroke can cause Wallerian degeneration in regions outside of the brain,particularly in the corticospinal *** investigate the fate of major glial cells and axons within affected areas of the corticospinal tract following stroke,we induced photochemical infarction of the sensorimotor cortex leading to Wallerian degeneration along the full extent of the corticospinal *** first used a routine,sensitive marker of axonal injury,amyloid precursor protein,to examine Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal *** antibody to amyloid precursor protein mapped exclusively to proximal axonal segments within the ischemic cortex,with no positive signal in distal parts of the corticospinal tract,at all time *** improve visualization of Wallerian degeneration,we next utilized an orthograde virus that expresses green fluorescent protein to label the corticospinal tract and then quantitatively evaluated green fluorescent protein-expressing *** this approach,we found that axonal degeneration began on day 3 post-stroke and was almost complete by 7 days after *** addition,microglia mobilized and activated early,from day 7 after stroke,but did not maintain a phagocytic state over ***,astrocytes showed relatively delayed mobilization and a moderate response to Wallerian ***,no anterograde degeneration of spinal anterior horn cells was observed in response to Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal *** conclusion,our data provide evidence for dynamic,pathogenic spatiotemporal changes in major cellular components of the corticospinal tract during Wallerian degeneration.

关键词： corticospinal tract green fluorescent protein microglia spinal anterior horn cells stroke virus trace Wallerian degeneration

Applications of nonlinear optimization methods to quantifying the predictability of a numerical model for El Nino-Southern Oscillation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第10期 53-59页

作者： duan Wansuo and mu mu (LASG,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China)

The nonlinear optimization methods are applied to quantify the predictability of a numerical model for El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We establish a lower bound of maximum predictability time for the model ENSO events (i. e. ENSO events in the numerical model), an upper bound of maximum prediction error, and a lower bound of maximum allowable initial error, all of which potentially quantify the predictability of model ENSO. Numerical results reveal the phenomenon of "spring predictability barrier (SPB) for ENSO event and support the previous views on SPB. Additionally, we also explore the differences between the linear evolution of prediction error and its nonlinear counterpart. The results demonstrate the limitation of linear estimation of prediction error. All these above results suggest that the nonlinear optimization method is one of the useful tools of quantifying the predictability of the numerical model for ENSO.

关键词： ENSO model nonlinear optimization predictability.

Prevalence and clinical impact of sarcopenia in liver transplant recipients:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 956-968页

作者： Min-Jie Jiang mu-Chen Wu Zhong-Hui duan Jing Wu Xiao-Tong Xu Juan Li Qing-Hua Meng Department of Hepatology Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Emergency Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

BACKGROUND The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing liver transplantation(LT)remains to be determined partly because of different diagnostic *** has recently been recognized as a new prognostic factor for predicting outcomes in LT *** To estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate its clinical effect on LT *** This systematic search was conducted in PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library for original English-language articles that investigated the prevalence and influence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing LT from database inception to November 30,*** studies of the definition of sarcopenia that estimate sarcopenia prevalence and evaluate its effect on clinical outcomes and the risk of mortality were *** Twenty-five studies involving 7760 patients undergoing LT were *** pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing LT was 40.7%[95%confidence intervals(95%CI):32.1-49.6].The 1-,3-,and 5-year cumulative probab-ilities of post-LT survival in patients with preoperative sarcopenia were all lower than those without sarcopenia(P<0.05).Sarcopenia was associated with an increased risk of post-LT mortality in patients undergoing LT(adjusted hazard ratio:1.58;95%CI:1.21-2.07).Patients with preoperative sarcopenia had a longer intensive care unit stay,a high risk ratio of sepsis,and serious post-LT complications than those without *** Sarcopenia is prevalent in a substantial proportion of patients undergoing LT and is strongly and independently associated with higher a risk of mortality risk.

关键词： Sarcopenia Liver transplantation Mortality Clinical outcomes

Flexible wide-range multidimensional force sensors inspired by bones embedded in muscle

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 49-61页

作者： Jie Zhang Xiaojuan Hou Shuo Qian Jiabing Huo Mengjiao Yuan Zhigang duan Xiaoguang Song HuiWu Shuzheng Shi Wenping Geng Jiliang mu Jian He Xiujian Chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of ArchitectureZhangjiakou 075000China HBIS Group Co.Ltd. Shijiazhuang 050023China

Flexible sensors have been widely studied for use in motion monitoring,human‒machine interactions(HMIs),personalized medicine,and soft intelligent ***,their practical application is limited by their low output performance,narrow measuring range,and unidirectional force ***,to achieve flexibility and high performance simultaneously,we developed a flexible wide-range multidimensional force sensor(FWMFS)similar to bones embedded in muscle *** adjustable magnetic field endows the FWMFS with multidimensional perception for detecting forces in different *** multilayer stacked coils significantly improved the output from theμV to the mV level while ensuring FWMFS *** optimized FWMFS exhibited a high voltage sensitivity of 0.227 mV/N(0.5–8.4 N)and 0.047 mV/N(8.4–60 N)in response to normal forces ranging from 0.5 N to 60 N and could detect lateral forces ranging from 0.2–1.1 N and voltage sensitivities of 1.039 mV/N(0.2–0.5 N)and 0.194 mV/N(0.5–1.1 N).In terms of normal force measurements,the FWMFS can monitor finger pressure and sliding trajectories in response to finger taps,as well as measure plantar pressure for assessing human *** plantar pressure signals of five human movements collected by the FWMFS were analyzed using the k-nearest neighbors classification algorithm,which achieved a recognition accuracy of 92%.Additionally,an artificial intelligence biometric authentication system is being developed that classifies and recognizes user *** on the lateral force measurement ability of the FWMFS,the direction of ball movement can be distinguished,and communication systems such as Morse Code can be *** research has significant potential in intelligent sensing and personalized spatial recognition.

关键词： password Morse force