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Effects of granulation process variables on the physical properties of dosage forms by combination of experimental design and principal component analysis

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2019年第3期14卷 287-304页

作者： Prakash Thapa du hyung choi Min Soo Kim Seong Hoon Jeong College of Pharmacy Dongguk UniversityGyeonggi10326Republic of Korea Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Inje UniversityGyeongnam50834Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy Pusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea

The current study was to understand how process variables of high shear wet granulations affect physical properties of granules and tablets. The knowledge gained was intended to be used for Quality-by-Design based process design and optimization. The variables were selected based on the risk assessment as impeller speed, liquid addition rate, and wet massing time. Formulation compositions were kept constant to minimize their influence on granules properties. Multiple linear regression models were built providing understanding of the impact of each variable on granule hardness, Carr’s index, tablet tensile strength, surface mean diameter of granules, and compression behavior. The experimental results showed that the impact of impeller speed was more dominant compared to wet massing time and water addition rate. The results also revealed that quality of granules and tablets could be optimized by adjusting specific process variables(impeller speed 1193 rpm, water spray rate 3.7 ml/min, and wet massing time 2.84 min). Overall desirability was 0.84 suggesting that the response values were closer to the target one. The SEM image of granules showed that spherical and smooth granules produced at higher impeller speed, whereas rough and irregular shape granules at lower speed. Moreover, multivariate data analysis demonstrated that impeller speed and massing time had strong correlation with the granule and tablet properties. In overall, the combined experimental design and principal component analysis approach allowed to better understand the correlation between process variables and granules and tablet attributes.

关键词： Experimental design Principal component analysis High shear granulation Process parameter

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Capsosiphon fulvescens suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 115-126页

作者： Seon Yeong Ji EunJin Bang Hyun Hwangbo Min Yeong Kim Da Hye Kim Su Hyun Hong Shin-hyung Park Chang-Young Kwon Gi-Young Kim You-Jin Jeon Suengmok Cho Yung Hyun choi Department of Biochemistry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases and Anti-Aging Research Center Dong-eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Technology/Institute of Food Science Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens(C.fulvescens)ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW296.7 macrophages.Methods:The protective effects of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis,including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blot analysis.To examine reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,flow cytometry analysis,and immunofluorescence staining were used.Furthermore,the modulatory effect of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was investigated.Results:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix metalloproteinases.In addition,C.fulvescens ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusions:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.C.fulvescens can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.

关键词： Capsosiphon fulvescens Inflammation Oxidative stress NF-κB Nrf2 TLR4

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Real-time Volume Preserving Constraints for Volumetric Model on GPU

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 831-848页

作者： Hongly Va Min-hyung choi Min Hong Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Colorado DenverDenver80217COUSA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

This paper presents a parallel method for simulating real-time 3D deformable objects using the volume preservation mass-spring system method on tetrahedron meshes.In general,the conventional mass-spring system is manipulated as a force-driven method because it is fast,simple to implement,and the parameters can be controlled.However,the springs in traditional mass-spring system can be excessively elongated which cause severe stability and robustness issues that lead to shape restoring,simulation blow-up,and huge volume loss of the deformable object.In addition,traditional method that uses a serial process of the central processing unit(CPU)to solve the system in every frame cannot handle the complex structure of deformable object in real-time.Therefore,the first order implicit constraint enforcement for a mass-spring model is utilized to achieve accurate visual realism of deformable objects with tough constraint error.In this paper,we applied the distance constraint and volume conservation constraints for each tetrahedron element to improve the stability of deformable object simulation using the mass-spring system and behave the same as its real-world counterparts.To reduce the computational complexity while ensuring stable simulation,we applied a method that utilizes OpenGL compute shader,a part of OpenGL Shading Language(GLSL)that executes on the graphic processing unit(GPU)to solve the numerical problems effectively.We applied the proposed methods to experimental volumetric models,and volume percentages of all objects are compared.The average volume percentages of all models during the simulation using the mass-spring system,distance constraint,and the volume constraint method were 68.21%,89.64%,and 98.70%,respectively.The proposed approaches are successfully applied to improve the stability of mass-spring system and the performance comparison from our experimental tests also shows that the GPU-based method is faster than CPU-based implementation for all cases.

关键词： Deformable object simulation mass-spring system implicit constraint enforcement volume conservation constraint GPU parallel computing

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Parallel Cloth Simulation Using OpenGL Shading Language

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第5期41卷 427-443页

作者： Hongly Va Min-hyung choi Min Hong Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Colorado DenverDenverCO 80217USA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

The primary goal of cloth simulation is to express object behavior in a realistic manner and achieve real-time performance by following the fundamental concept of physic.In general,the mass–spring system is applied to real-time cloth simulation with three types of springs.However,hard spring cloth simulation using the mass–spring system requires a small integration time-step in order to use a large stiffness coefficient.Furthermore,to obtain stable behavior,constraint enforcement is used instead of maintenance of the force of each spring.Constraint force computation involves a large sparse linear solving operation.due to the large computation,we implement a cloth simulation using adaptive constraint activation and deactivation techniques that involve the mass-spring system and constraint enforcement method to prevent excessive elongation of cloth.At the same time,when the length of the spring is stretched or compressed over a defined threshold,adaptive constraint activation and deactivation method deactivates the spring and generate the implicit constraint.Traditional method that uses a serial process of the Central Processing Unit(CPU)to solve the system in every frame cannot handle the complex structure of cloth model in real-time.Our simulation utilizes the Graphic Processing Unit(GPU)parallel processing with compute shader in OpenGL Shading Language(GLSL)to solve the system effectively.In this paper,we design and implement parallel method for cloth simulation,and experiment on the performance and behavior comparison of the mass-spring system,constraint enforcement,and adaptive constraint activation and deactivation techniques the using GPU-based parallel method.

关键词： Adaptive constraint cloth simulation constraint enforcement GLSL compute shader mass–spring system parallel GPU

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Sarcopenia in pancreatic cancer:Effect on patient outcomes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第12期14卷 2302-2312页

作者： Moon hyung choi Seung Bae Yoon Department of Radiology Eunpyeong St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea

Pancreatic cancer is a challenging disease with an increasing incidence and extremely poor prognosis.The clinical outcomes of pancreatic cancer depend on tumor biology,responses to treatments,and malnutrition or cachexia.Sarcopenia represents a severe catabolic condition defined by the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength and affects as much as 70%of malnourished pancreatic cancer patients.The lumbar skeletal muscle index,defined as the total abdominal muscle area at the L3 vertebral level adjusted by the square of the height,is widely used for assessing sarcopenia in patients with pancreatic cancer.Several studies have suggested that sarcopenia may be a risk factor for perioperative complications and decreased recurrence-free or overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing surgery.Sarcopenia could also intensify chemotherapyinduced toxicities and worsen the quality of life and survival in the neoadjuvant or palliative chemotherapy setting.Sarcopenia,not only at the time of diagnosis but also during treatment,decreases survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.Theoretically,multimodal interventions may improve sarcopenia and clinical outcomes;however,no study has reported positive results.Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the prognostic role of sarcopenia and the effects of multimodal interventions in patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Sarcopenia Pancreatic cancer Skeletal muscle Computed tomography Outcomes Survival

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Plant-derived nanovesicles: Current understanding and applications for cancer therapy

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第4期22卷 365-383页

作者： Ngoc Phung Ly Hwa Seung Han Myungsuk Kim Jae hyung Park Ki Young choi Natural Product Informatics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Gangneung25451Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06351Republic of Korea Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea

Plant-derived vesicles(PDVs)are membranous structures that originate from plant cells and are responsible for multiple physiological and pathological functions.In the last decade,PDVs have gained much attention for their involvement in different biological processes,including intercellular communication and defense response,and recent scientific evidence has opened a new avenue for their applications in cancer treatment.Nevertheless,much remains unknown about these vesicles,and current research remains inconsistent.This review aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to PDVs,from their biological characteristics to purification methods,and to summarize the status of their potential development for cancer therapy.

关键词： Plant-derived vesicles Extracellular vesicles Cancer therapy Anti-cancer Drug delivery

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Comparative fish community structure among different types of enclosures of estuarine environments

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第3期7卷 336-344页

作者： Sunwan Hwang Keun-hyung choi Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit KIOSTBusan49111Republic of Korea Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences Chung-Nam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea

This study explores the differences of fish assemblages in three macrotidal estuaries of Man-gyeong River Estuary(MRE),Geum River Estuary(GRE),and Han River Esturay(HRE)with similar ranges of seasonal water temperature that are diked with different levels of disconnection from freshwater discharge.The distribution of major species in the three estuaries could generally be grouped into three distinctive patterns based on their cumulative distribution with respect to the salinity gradient.The MRE was geographically closer to the GRE than to the HRE,but the fish community of the MRE more closely resembled that of the HRE.Increased freshness of the water inside the dike and the limit of coastal fish to the river may have led to this result.The results provide clues to how enclosure patterns of estuarine waters could affect fish communities over a long-term period.In addition,the information may provide guidance for how a fish community may return once environmental conditions are restored.

关键词： Fish community Diking Cumulative distribution Estuary Habitat connectivity

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Long-term radiofrequency electromagnetic fields exposure attenuates cognitive dysfunction in 5×FAD mice by regulating microglial function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2497-2503页

作者： Yeonghoon Son Hye-Jin Park Ye Ji Jeong hyung-Do choi Nam Kim Hae-June Lee Division of Radiation Biomedical Research Korea Institute of Radiological&Medical SciencesSeoulKorea Department of EMF Research Team Radio and Broadcasting Technology LaboratoryElectronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteDaejonKorea School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chungbuk National UniversityCheongjuKorea

We have previously found that long-term effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in 5xFAD mice with severe late-stage Alzheimer’s disease reduced both amyloid-βdeposition and glial activation,including microglia.To examine whether this therapeutic effect is due to the regulation of activated microglia,we analyzed mic roglial gene expression profiles and the existence of microglia in the brain in this study.5xFAD mice at the age of 1.5 months were assigned to sham-and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields-exposed groups and then animals were exposed to 1950 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at a specific absorption rate of 5 W/kg for 2 hours/day and 5 days/week for 6 months.We conducted behavioral tests including the object recognition and Y-maze tests and molecular and histopathological analysis of amyloid precursor protein/a myloid-beta metabolism in brain tissue.We confirmed that radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure for 6 months ameliorated cognitive impairment and amyloid-βdeposition.The expression levels of Iba1(pan-microglial marker)and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R;regulates microglial prolife ration)in the hippocampus in 5xFAD mice treated with radiofrequency electromagnetic fields were significantly reduced compared with those of the sham-exposed group.Subsequently,we analyzed the expression levels of genes related to mic rogliosis and microglial function in the radiofrequency electromagnetic fields-exposed group compared to those of a CSF1R inhibitor(PLX3397)-treated group.Both radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and PLX3397 suppressed the levels of genes related to microgliosis(Csf1r,CD68,and Ccl6)and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β.N otably,the expression levels of genes related to mic roglial function,including Trem2,Fcgr1α,Ctss,and Spi1,were decreased after long-term radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure,which was also observed in response to microglial suppression by PLX3397.These results showed that radiofrequency electromagnetic

关键词： 5×FAD Alzheimer’s disease CSF1R long term exposure microglial function neuroinflammation radiofrequency electromagnetic fields therapeutic effect

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Sphingosine-1-phosphate hinders the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in association with AKT signaling pathways

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第2期14卷 192-200页

作者： Bongkun choi Ji-Eun Kim Si-On Park Eun-Young Kim Soyoon Oh Hyuksu choi Dohee Yoon Hyo-Jin Min hyung-Ryong Kim Eun-Ju Chang Department of Biomedical Sciences Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Pharmacology College of DentistryJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuKorea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P)is an important lipid mediator that regulates a diverse range of intracellular cell signaling pathways that are relevant to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.However,the precise function of S1P in dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)and its osteogenic differentiation remains unclear.We here investigated the function of S1P/S1P receptor(S1PR)-mediated cellular signaling in the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and clarified the fundamental signaling pathway.Our results showed that S1P-treated DPSCs exhibited a low rate of differentiation toward the osteogenic phenotype in association with a marked reduction in osteogenesis-related gene expression and AKT activation.Of note,both S1PR1/S1PR3 and S1PR2 agonists significantly downregulated the expression of osteogenic genes and suppressed AKT activation,resulting in an attenuated osteogenic capacity of DPSCs.Most importantly,an AKT activator completely abrogated the S1P-mediated downregulation of osteoblastic markers and partially prevented S1P-mediated attenuation effects during osteogenesis.Intriguingly,the pro-inflammatory TNF-αcytokine promoted the infiltration of macrophages toward DPSCs and induced S1P production in both DPSCs and macrophages.Our findings indicate that the elevation of S1P under inflammatory conditions suppresses the osteogenic capacity of the DPSCs responsible for regenerative endodontics.

关键词： pulp hinder precise

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Unveiling the role of Ni in Ru-Ni oxide for oxygen evolution: Lattice oxygen participation enhanced by structural distortion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第2期77卷 54-61,I0003页

作者： Young-Jin Ko Man Ho Han Chulwan Lim Seung-Ho Yu Chang Hyuck choi Byoung Koun Min Jae-Young choi Woong Hee Lee hyung-Suk Oh Clean Energy Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5Seongbuk-guSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University145Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Agenda Research Division Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5Seonbuk-guSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Graduate School of Energy and Environment(KU-KIST Green School) Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science&Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea KIST-SKKU Carbon-Neutral Research Center Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea

Introducing Ni in Ru oxide is a promising approach to enhance the catalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).However,the role of Ni(which has a poor intrinsic activity)is not fully understood.Here,a Ru NiO_(x)electrode fabricated via a modified dip coating method exhibited excellent OER performance in acidic media,and neutral media for CO_(2)reduction reaction.We combined in-situ/operando X-ray absorption near-edge structure and on-line inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry studies to unveil the role of the Ni introduced in the Ru oxide.We propose that the Ni not only transforms the electronic structure of the Ru oxide,but also produces a large number of oxygen vacancies by distorting the oxygen lattice structure at low overpotentials,increasing the participation of lattice oxygen for OER.This work demonstrates the real behavior of bimetallic oxide materials under applied potentials and provides new insights into the development of efficient electrocatalysts.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Ru electrode Ni electrode Oxygen vacancies In-situ/Operando studies

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