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Identification of the Amplification Mechanism in the First Free-Electron Laser as Net Stimulated Free-Electron Two-Quantum Stark Emission

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第5期26卷 86-89页

作者： S. h. Kim 6300 Roundrock Trail 4203 Plano Texas 75023 USA

We find that the electron phase with respect to the incident laser radiation must be random in the first freeelectron laser （FEL） and, hence, the incident laser radiation works as a relaxation force to keep a Maxwellian distribution. We formulate the threshold laser intensity for amplification which agrees with the measured value in the order of magnitude in the first FEL. The magnetic wiggler must produce an electric wiggler whose period is the same as that of the magnetic wiggler. We find that net stimulated free-electron two-quantum Stark （FETQS） emission driven by this electric wiggler is the mechanism responsible for the measured gain and the measured laser intensity at the plateau in the first FEL.

关键词： gamma-ray bursts gamma-rays relativity

Ery.h.ocyte invasions and receptor heterogeneity in field isolates of Nanay river basin Iquitos

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 589-593页

作者： Kuppusamy Chenniappan Sarah h Johns Laboratorio de Investigacion deproductos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia UNAPPampa chicaIquitosPeru 065

Objective:To determine whether the requirements for sialic acid varies and whether several types of silaic acid independent receptors utilized for invasion mechanisms of fresh filed isolates collected around Nanay river basin,***:The field isolates were cultured as described previously by Jensen and Trager and MR4 protocol with little *** ery.h.ocytes preparation and subsequent enzyme treatment was done as described previously by *** little *** assay was performed as described previously by Sharma et al with little ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand *** we observed that an equal numbers of neuraminidase sensitive and resistant invasion receptor-ligand interaction profiles as the most common receptor-ligand invasion *** resistance trypsin sensitive chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_RT_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interaction profile was found in seven isolates,Five field isolates and one reference strain showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistant(NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, six isolates including one reference strains dd2 showed neuraminidase sensitive,trypsin and chymotrypsin resistance(NM_ST_RCT_R) indicating its dependence on sialic acids and independence of trypsin and chymotrypsin sensitive *** isolates showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_ST_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, seven isolates were neuraminidase resistant,trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistance (NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions,indicating its dependence on trypsin sensitive ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand interactions.A full understanding of theses invasion mechanisms may allow the developm

关键词： Nanay river basin Invasion Sialic acid Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in e^(+)e^(−)→K^(+)D_(s)^(∗−) D^(∗0 )+ c.c.

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第3期47卷 1-14页

作者：麦迪娜 M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso 安美儒安琪白羽 O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino y.Ban V.Batozskaya D.Becker K.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi E.Bianco J.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere A.Brueggemann 蔡浩蔡啸 A.Calcaterra 曹国富曹宁 S.A.Cetin 常劲帆常万玲车国荣 G.Chelkov 陈琛陈超陈刚陈和生陈玛丽陈申见陈少敏 T.Chen 陈旭荣 X.T.Chen 陈元柏陈卓俊成伟帅 S.K.Choi 初晓 G.Cibinetto F.Cossio 崔佳佳代洪亮代建平 A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich 邓子艳 A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori 丁勇丁逸董静董燎原董明义董翔杜书先段宗欢 P.Egorov 范玉兰方建房双世方文兴方易 R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici 封常青冯俊华 K Fischer M.Fritsch C.Fritzsch 傅成栋高涵高原宁高扬 S.Garbolino I.Garzia 葛潘婷葛振武耿聪 E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman K.Goetzen 龚丽龚文煊 W.Gradl M.Greco 谷立民顾旻皓顾运厅关春懿郭爱强郭立波郭如盼郭玉萍 A.Guskov 韩文颖郝喜庆 F.A.harris 何凯凯何康林 F.h.heinsius C.h.heinz 衡月昆 C.herold 侯国一侯颖锐侯治龙胡海明 J.F.hu 胡涛胡誉黄光顺黄凯旋黄麟钦黄性涛黄燕萍黄震 T.hussain N hüsken W.Imoehl M.Irshad J.Jackson S.Jaeger S.Janchiv E.Jang J.h.Jeong 纪全姬清平季晓斌季筱璐吉钰瑶贾泽坤蒋沛成姜赛赛江晓山 y.Jiang 焦健斌焦铮金山金毅荆茂强 T.Johansson S.Kabana N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki 康晓琳康晓珅 R.Kappert M.Kavatsyuk 柯百谦 I.K.Keshk A.Khoukaz R.Kiuchi R.Kliemt L.Koch O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuemmel M.Kuessner A.Kupsc W.Kühn J.J.Lane J.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi 雷天天雷祚弘 h.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz 李聪李翠李春花李澄李德民李飞李刚李慧李贺李海波李惠静 h.N.Li J.Q.Li 李静舒李井文李科 L.J Li 李龙科李蕾李明浩李培荣李素娴栗帅迎李腾李卫东李卫国李旭红李晓玲李晓宇李彦谷李振轩李紫源梁畅梁浩梁昊梁勇飞梁羽铁廖广睿廖龙洲 J.Libby A.Limphirat 林创新林德旭 T.Lin 刘北江刘成刘春秀 D.Liu 刘福虎刘芳刘峰 G.M.Liu h.Liu 刘宏邦刘怀民刘欢欢刘汇慧刘建北刘佳俊刘晶译刘凯刘魁勇刘珂刘亮刘露刘美宏刘佩莲刘倩刘树彬刘桐刘维克刘卫民刘翔刘英刘玉斌刘振安刘智青娄辛丑卢飞翔吕海江吕军光陆小玲卢宇卢云鹏卢泽辉罗成林罗民兴罗涛罗小兰吕晓睿吕翌丰马凤才马海龙马连良马明明马秋梅马润秋马瑞廷马骁妍马尧 F.E.Maas M.Maggiora S.Maldaner S.Malde Q.A.Malik A.Mangoni 冒亚军毛泽普 S.Marcello 孟召霞 J.G.Messchendorp G.Mezzadri h.Miao 闵天觉 R.E.Mitchell 莫晓虎 N.yu.Muchnoi y.Nefedov F.Nerling I.B.Nikolaev 宁哲 S.Nisar 牛艳 S.L.Olsen 欧阳群 S.Pacetti 潘祥潘越 A.Pathak 裴宇鹏 M.Pelizaeus 彭海平 K.Peters 平加伦平荣刚 S.Plura S.Pogodin V.Prasad 齐法制齐航漆红荣祁鸣齐天钰钱森钱文斌钱圳乔从丰秦佳佳秦丽清覃潇平秦小帅秦中华邱进发屈三强 K Institute of high Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Beijing Institute of PetrochemicalTechnology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China Center of AdvancedScience and Technology Beijing 100190China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China COMSATS University Islamabad LahoreCampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China G.I.Budker Institute of NuclearPhysics SB RAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI helmholtzcentre for heavy Ion Research Gmbh D-64291 DarmstadtGermany GuangxiNormal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China hebei University Baoding 071002China helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany henan NormalUniversity Xinxiang 453007China henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China huangshan College Huangshan 245000China hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Laboratori Nazionali di FrascatiI-00044FrascatiItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati University of PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara University of FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Avenue 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de TarapacáCasilla 7DAricaChile Jilin Univers

We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed Z_(cs)(3985)^(-) state,denoted as Z_(cs)^('-),in the process e^(+)e^(−)→K^(+)D_(s)^(∗−) D^(∗0 )+ c.c.,based on e^(*)e^(-)collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of √s=4.661,4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII *** Z_(cs)^('-) is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark.A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate K^(+)recoil-mass spectra,which are probed for a potential contribution from Z_(cs)^('-)→D_(s)^(∗−) D^(∗0 )+ *** find an excess of Z_(cs)^('-)→D_(s)^(*-)-D^(*0)(c.c.)candidates with a significance of 2.1o,after considering systematic uncertainties,at a mass of(4123.5±0.7_(sat)±4.7_(syst.))MeV/c^(2).As the data set is limited in size,the upper limits are evaluated at the 90%confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections(σ^(Borm))and the branching fraction(B)of Z_(cs)^('-)→D_(s)^(*-)-D^(*0),under different assumptions of the Z_(cs)^('-) mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass *** upper limits of σ^(Born).B are found to be at the level of O(1)pb at each *** data samples are needed to confirm the Z_(cs)^('-) state and clarify its nature in the coming years.

关键词： electron-positron collision BESIl hadron spectroscopy tetraquark

氢氧化钠对钙矾石的合成及在高温环境下转变的影响

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硅酸盐学报 2025年第2期53卷 428-436页

作者：张响卢晓磊宋建国贾坚杨庆春杜鹏程新山东省建筑材料制备与测试技术重点实验室济南大学济南250022 济南大学材科科学与工程学院济南250022

碱对钙矾石合成及其向单硫型水化硫铝酸钙(AFm)转变具有重要影响。为了探究氢氧化钠(Na Oh)对合成钙矾石及其转变的影响规律,通过在溶液法合成钙矾石中添加少量Na Oh,详细讨论了高温环境下钙矾石向AFm演变过程。结果表明:添加Na Oh的钙... 详细信息

碱对钙矾石合成及其向单硫型水化硫铝酸钙(AFm)转变具有重要影响。为了探究氢氧化钠(Na Oh)对合成钙矾石及其转变的影响规律,通过在溶液法合成钙矾石中添加少量Na Oh,详细讨论了高温环境下钙矾石向AFm演变过程。结果表明:添加Na Oh的钙矾石样品较纯杂质较少,其形貌由长直粗棒状变为弯曲针棒状,晶胞参数减小,且Na^(+)易取代钙矾石中部分Ca^(2+)格位。此外高温环境下Na Oh显著促进了钙矾石向AFm转变,其转变过程可分为3个阶段。首先大部分钙矾石直接转变为AFm相;随后液相中Na^(+)与SO_(4)^(2-)同AFm反应生成中间相U-phase,同时液相中的Ca^(2+)和SO_(4)^(2-)再次与AFm反应形成钙矾石,随后钙矾石又开始转变为中间相U-phase;最终由U-phase全部转变成稳定的AFm。

关键词：氢氧化钠高温钙矾石单硫型水化硫铝酸钙转化

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深层离子渗氮硬化技术

金属热处理 2017年第6期42卷 130-133页

作者：杜树芳中国科学院长春光机所吉林长春130022

开发的深层渗氮硬化技术可以提高渗氮件的承载能力和挖掘渗氮的强化潜力。它包含三个相关条件:渗氮层深0.6 mm以上,渗氮表面下0.4 mm处硬度大于600 hV和渗氮基体硬度大于400~450 hV(42~46 hRC)。研制的两种时效硬化钢(20Cr Ni3Mn2Al和20... 详细信息

开发的深层渗氮硬化技术可以提高渗氮件的承载能力和挖掘渗氮的强化潜力。它包含三个相关条件:渗氮层深0.6 mm以上,渗氮表面下0.4 mm处硬度大于600 hV和渗氮基体硬度大于400~450 hV(42~46 hRC)。研制的两种时效硬化钢(20Cr Ni3Mn2Al和20Cr3Mn Mo V)空冷固溶处理后硬度分别为33~36 hRC和40~44 hRC;经过520~540℃×50 h深层离子渗氮处理后,渗氮层深分别为0.75 mm和0.60 mm,渗氮表面下0.4 mm处硬度分别达到652 hV0.1和748 hV0.1,渗氮基体硬度分别为431 hV0.1(44.5 hRC)和488 hV0.1(48.5 hRC)。

关键词：深层渗氮硬化时效硬化时效硬化钢

The relationship between psy.h.logical distress with salivary <i>α</i>-amylase and stress related symptoms among breast cancer survivors

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health 2013年第4期5卷 811-816页

作者： h. W. yong h. Zailina J. O. Zubaidah M. Saidi h. y. yong M. S. Zalilah Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Environmental and Occupational Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Psy.h.atry Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia

Background and Aims: This study examined the stress levels, the stressors and biomarker such as Alpha (α)-Amylase enzyme which is secreted under distress conditions. The aim was to determine the relationship between these three variables. Methods: The study respondents were made up of cancer outpatients from 3 hospitals namely the hospital Kuala Lumpur, Seberang Jaya and Johor Baru, Pantai Ipoh and Putrajaya. The Personal Stress Inventory (PSI) questionnaire was used to identify stressors, while the hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (hADS) were used to determine the psy.h.logical distress levels. The Salimentary Oral Swab (SOS) Technique was used to collect the saliva and then the Salivary α-Amylase Assay Kit was used to analyse for α amylase. Results: The majority of respondents were stressed due to their sensitive emotion and nervousness in their daily lives (68.7%), they.h.d poor memory and short attention spans of carrying out job tasks (67.3%) as well as they were emotionally depressed (65.3%). Their poor memory and short attention span (p = 0.037), heavy work load and poor task delivery (p = 0.008) were predictors for distress using hADS. The salivary α-amylase concentration was significantly related to the stress levels (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Breast cancer respondents with musculoskeletal system related symptoms, with heavy work load and poor task delivery, as well as had poor memory and short attention span were at higher risk of experiencing psy.h.logical distress. The salivary α-amylase which had significant relationships with psy.h.logical distress was therefore, a potential biological indicator for distress, while the musculoskeletal system related symptoms from the PSI questionnaire were predictors for distress.

关键词： Breast Cancer Survivors Salivary α-Amylase Stress-Related Symptoms Distress

4-甲基-3-乙酰基-2-杂环-2h,3h-苯并[f]-1,5-硫氮杂衍生物的合成、抑菌活性及副反应的研究

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有机化学 2013年第7期33卷 1465-1471页

作者：武云云田克情杨田杜星琼张萍河北师范大学化学与材料科学学院石家庄050024 河北化工医药职业技术学院化学与环境工程系石家庄050026 河北师范大学生命科学学院石家庄050024

以含不同取代基的杂环醛和乙酰丙酮为原料,经三步反应合成了一系列新型的4-甲基-3-乙酰基-2-杂环-2h,3h-苯并[f]-1,5-硫氮杂衍生物3a～3l,产物的结构经1h NMR,IR,MS和元素分析确证,且通过1h NMR测试,发现目标化合物存在着烯胺型和亚... 详细信息

以含不同取代基的杂环醛和乙酰丙酮为原料,经三步反应合成了一系列新型的4-甲基-3-乙酰基-2-杂环-2h,3h-苯并[f]-1,5-硫氮杂衍生物3a～3l,产物的结构经1h NMR,IR,MS和元素分析确证,且通过1h NMR测试,发现目标化合物存在着烯胺型和亚胺型结构的互变.测定了目标化合物的抑菌活性,抑菌结果为杂类化合物的结构与抑菌的关系提供了启示.同时,确定了目标化合物3h发生分解反应时主要副产物的结构,提出了其可能的生成机理.

关键词： 1,5-苯并硫氮杂䓬杂环副反应抑菌活性

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融合多指标控制系统设计方法

华北工学院学报 1999年第1期20卷 28-31页

作者：邢慧林都华北工学院自动化系

目的研究一种用于连续随机控制系统的多指标综合技术．方法利用线性矩阵不等式方法实现系统状态反馈将闭环极点配置在指定区域中，同时使闭环系统满足Ｈ∞指标和稳态协方差约束．结果得到了状态反馈应满足的条件及求取状态反馈阵的计算... 详细信息

目的研究一种用于连续随机控制系统的多指标综合技术．方法利用线性矩阵不等式方法实现系统状态反馈将闭环极点配置在指定区域中，同时使闭环系统满足Ｈ∞指标和稳态协方差约束．结果得到了状态反馈应满足的条件及求取状态反馈阵的计算方法．

关键词：随机控制系统 LMI方法 h∞控制稳态状态协方差

Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Cadmium Selenide Coated onto Side-Polished D-Shape Fiber as Saturable Absorber

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第10期35卷 27-30页

作者： M.F.M.Rusdi M.B.h.Mahyuddin A.A.Latiff h.Ahmad S.W.harun Photonics Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Photonic Research Center University of Malaya Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University

A stable Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser emitting at 1558 nm is demonstrated using a cadmium selenide（CdSe） material coated onto a side-polished D-shape fiber as the saturable absorber（SA）. By elevating the input pump power from the threshold of 91 mW to the maximum available power of 136 mW, a pulse train with a maximum repetition rate of 57.44 khz, minimum pulse width of 3.76 us, maximum average output power of7.99 mW, maximum pulse energy of 0.1391 uJ, and maximum peak power of 36.99 mW are obtained. The signalto-noise ratio of the spectrum is measured to be around 75 dB. This CdSe based SA is simple, robust, and reliable,and thus suitable for making a portable pulse laser source.

关键词： SA Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Cadmium Selenide Coated onto Side-Polished D-Shape Fiber as Saturable Absorber