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Microwave Synthesis of Large Few-Layer Graphene Sheets in Aqueous Solution of Ammonia

Nano Research 2010年第2期3卷 126-137页

作者： Izabela Janowska Kambiz Chizari Ovidiu Ersen Spyridon Zafeiratos driss soubane Victor Da Costa Virginie Speisser Christine Boeglin Matthieu Houllé Dominique Bégin Dominique Plee Marc-Jacques Ledoux Cuong Pham-Huu Laboratoire des Matériaux Surfaces et Procédés pour la Catalyse(LMSPC)UMR7515 CNRS-Universitéde Strasbourg 25rue Becquerel67087 Strasbourg Cedex 08France Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg(IPCMS) UMR7504 CNRS-Universitéde Strasbourg 23rue du Loess67037 Strasbourg Cedex 02France Arkema Groupement de Recherche de Lacq(GRL)BP 3464170 LACQFrance

Few-layer graphene (FLG) sheets with sizes exceeding several micrometers have been synthesized by exfoliation of expanded graphite in aqueous solution of ammonia under microwave irradiation, with an overall yield approaching 8 wt.%. Transmission electron microscopy (in bright-field and dark-field modes) together with electron diffraction patterns and atomic force microscopy confirmed that this graphene material consisted mostly of mono-, bi- or few-layer graphene (less than ten layers). The high degree of surface reduction was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopies. In addition, the high stability of the FLG in the liquid medium facilitates the deposition of the graphene material onto several substrates via low-cost solution-phase processing techniques, opening the way to subsequent applications of the material.

关键词： Graphene transmission electron microscopy(TEM) expanded graphite exfoliation microwaves

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Hidden Information, Energy Dispersion and Disorder: Does Entropy Really Measure Disorder?

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2018年第4期8卷 197-202页

作者： driss soubane Mohamed El Garah Mohamed Bouhassoune Ahmed Tirbiyine Abdelaziz Ramzi Said Laasri Advanced Laser Light Source (ALLS) Centre Energie Matériaux et Télécommunications Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique INRS-EMT Varennes Canada Laboratoire des Nanomatériaux pour l’Energie et l’Environnement LN2E FPS Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh Morocco Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Ingénieur pour l’Energie ENSAJ Université Chouaibdoukkali El Jadida Morocco University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR Strasbourg France Département de Physique FPS Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh Morocco Laboratoire de Dynamique et Optique des Matériaux FS Université Mohamed Premier Oujda Morocco Equipe des Matériaux Supraconducteurs Université Ibn Zohr Faculté des Sciences Agadir Morocco Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada

Despite its appearance in physics around the 1850th, the second law of thermodynamics is still attracting more efforts to be clarified. More specifically, fifteen years later (1865) after its definition and introduction, entropy has been the subject of various interpretations. Hence, in physical sciences and notably in different education levels, its concept seems to be relatively tough to unambiguous decipher. In this work, we re-introduce the notion of entropy from classical, quantum and information theories viewpoints. The controversial over entropy and a measure of disorder misconception, stated by many scientists, is addressed as well to come up with less confusing physical interpretation of entropy. Hence, over time, an increase of entropy, a quantitative quantity, is most often associated to a rising of disorder, a non-quantitative quantity and no value-returning mathematical equation, rather than a continuously increasing of hidden data. In other words, linking disorder to hidden data is typically raising more confusion than clarification. Here, we shed more light on both concepts to find out an acceptable interpretation of entropy.

关键词： Entropy Disorder Hidden Information Thermodynamics

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Impact of Heat Treatments and Hole Density (p) on the Structural, Electrical, and Superconducting Properties of LnSrBaCu₃O_6+z (Ln = Eu, Sm, Nd) Compounds

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Communications and Network 2023年第4期15卷 83-97页

作者： Mohammed Bellioua Mohamed Id El Amel Fatima Bouzit Mohamed Errai driss soubane Aderrahim Ait Khlifa Mohammed Khenfouch Issam Mouhti Ahmed Tirbiyine Essediq Youssef El Yakoubi Abdelhakim Nafidi Laboratory of Materials Electrical Systems Energy and Environment Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Applied Sciences Ibnou Zohr University Agadir Morocco LAMISNE Laboratory Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco Department of Physics Polydisciplanry Faculty Safi Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco ALLS Laboratory at INRS-EMT Varennes Canada Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy Faculty of Sciences Agadir Morocco

In this study, we thoroughly examined the impact of heat treatments and hole count (p) on the properties of LnSrBaCu3O6+z (Ln = Eu, Sm, Nd) compounds. We focused on preparation, X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement, AC susceptibility, DC resistivity measurements, and heat treatment effects. Two heat treatment types were applied: oxygen annealing [O] and argon annealing followed by oxygen annealing [AO]. As the rare earth Ln’s ionic radius increased, certain parameters notably changed. Specifically, c parameter, surface area S, and volume V increased, while critical temperature Tc and holes (p) in the CuO2 plane decreased. The evolution of these parameters with rare earth Ln’s ionic radius in [AO] heat treatment is linear. Regardless of the treatment, the structure is orthorhombic for Ln = Eu, tetragonal for Ln = Nd, orthorhombic for Ln = Sm [AO], and pseudo-tetragonal for Sm [O]. The highest critical temperature is reached with Ln = Eu (Tc [AO] = 87.1 K). Notably, for each sample, Tc [AO] surpasses Tc [O]. Observed data stems from factors including rare earth ionic size, improved cationic and oxygen chain order, holes count p in Cu(2)O2 planes, and in-phase purity of [AO] samples. Our research strives to clearly demonstrate that the density of holes (p) within the copper plane stands as a determinant impacting the structural, electrical, and superconducting properties of these samples. Meanwhile, the other aforementioned parameters contribute to shaping this density (p).

关键词： High-Tc Superconductors Heat Treatments Hole Density (p) Tc Parameter c Surface ab Electrical Resistance X-Ray Diffraction

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