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Chemical-assisted MMP reduction on methane-oil systems:Implications for natural gas injection to enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 101-108页

作者： Mohamed Almobarak Matthew b.Myers Colin D.wood Yongbing Liu Ali Saeedi Quan Xie Discipline of Petroleum Engineering WA School of Mines:MineralsEnergy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Kensington6151Australia Curtin University Oil and Gas Innovation Centre Management Kensington6151Australia State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation No.8 Xindu AvenueXindu DistrictChengdu 610500PR China

***,the main challenge in this process is the high minimum miscibility pressure(MMP)between natural gas and crude oil,which limits its application and recovery factor,especially in hightemperature ***,we present a novel investigation to quantify the effect of chemicalassisted MMP reduction on the oil recovery ***,we measured the interfacial tension(IFT)of the methane-oil system in the presence of chemical or CO_(2) to calculate the MMP reduction at a constant temperature(373K)using the vanishing interfacial tension(VIT)***,we performed three coreflooding experiments to quantify the effect of MMP reduction on the oil recovery factor under different injection *** interfacial tension measurements show that adding a small fraction(1.5 wt%)of the tested surfactant(SOLOTERRA ME-6)achieved 9%of MMP reduction,while adding 20 wt%of CO_(2) to the methane yields 13%of MMP ***,the coreflooding results highlight the significance of achieving miscibility during gas injection,as the ultimate recovery factor increased from 65.5%under immiscible conditions to 77.2%using chemical-assisted methane,and to 79%using gas mixture after achieving near miscible *** results demonstrate the promising potential of the MMP reduction to signifi-cantly increase the oil recovery factor during gas ***,these results will likely expand the application envelop of the miscible gas injection,in addition to the environmental benefits of utilizing the produced gas by re-injection/recycling instead of flaring which contributes to reducing the greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： Gas injection Enhanced oil recovery Miscibility Coreflooding

Near-Surface Soil Chemical Properties as Affected by Cover Crops Over Time in the Lower Mississippi River Valley

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1035-1056页

作者： Cooper Fanning Kristofor R. brye Michael b. Daniels Trenton L. roberts Samuel Fernandes Lisa S. wood Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Typical row-crop agricultural practices can potentially be harmful to soil health and future sustainability. The use of cover crops (CC) as a mechanism to improve soil health on a wide scale remains underutilized. Soil health remains a major concern for the sustainability of agricultural productivity, therefore, research into CC implementation as a mean to preserve or improve soil health is warranted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CC on the soils in the eastern Arkansas portion of the Lower Mississippi River Valley (LMRV) over time for various chemical soil parameters, including pH, soil organic matter (SOM), soil elemental contents (i.e., P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and b), soil respiration, and a generalized soil health score index. Soil pH decreased over time under both CC and no-cover-crop (NCC) treatments, by −0.3 and −0.2, respectively. Soil OM decreased over time under NCC by −0.1%, but did not differ between CC treatments. Soil N availability decreased over time under NCC (−22.6 kg·ha−1), but did not change over time under CC. Soil respiration decreased over time under both CC and NCC, by −76.1 mg·L−1 and −77.3 mg·L−1, respectively, though there was no effect of CC treatment. The Haney soil health score index decreased under CC (−7.0) and NCC (−6.8) without an effect from CC treatment. Results of the study place emphasis on the temporal nature of soil health as influenced by cover crops and their potential to improve soil health.

关键词： Arkansas Cover Crops Soil Properties Soil Organic Matter Soil Health Score

Storylines of family medicine Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 79-88页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Emad R Abou-Arab Julio Meza David S buck Jerome W Crowder Jennifer Y C Edgoose Alexander brown Ellen J Plumb Amber K Norris Jay J Allen Lauren E Giammar John E wood Scott M Dickson G Austin brown Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA Family Medicine University of California Los AngelesDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Community Medicine University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Social and behavioral Sciences University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA NH Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency ConcordNew HampshireUSA San Francisco VA Medical Center San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Duluth Family Medicine Residency Program University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth CampusDuluthMinnesotaUSA UAMS Northeast Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program JonesboroArkansasUSA Cascades East Family Medicine Residency Program Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicineKlamath FallsOregonUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care’,authors address the following themes:‘LGbTQIA+health in family medicine’,‘A family medicine approach to substance use disorders’,‘Shameless medicine for people experiencing homelessness’,“Difficult”encounters—finding the person behind the patient’,‘Attending to patients with medically unexplained symptoms’,‘Making house calls and home visits’,‘Family physicians in the procedure room’,‘Robust rural family medicine’and‘Full-spectrum family medicine’.May readers appreciate the breadth of family medicine in these essays.

关键词： illustration family dimensions

The rate of deadwood decomposition processes in tree stand gaps resulting from bark beetle infestation spots in mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Ewa błonska Adam Gorski Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decaying wood is an essential element of forest ecosystems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the babiog orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory analysis after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study plot type on the physicochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly correlated with soil moisture.A significantly higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study plots,which were characterized by more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by the study differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by a significantly higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： bark beetle beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosystem Mass decline Spruce woody debris

Storylines of family medicine Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 12-22页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Rupal Shah Tamala Carter Geoffrey M Gusoff Winston Liaw bich-May Nguyen Joanna V Rachelson Mary Alice Scott Teresa L Schiff-Elfalan Seiji Yamada robert C Like Kathleen Zoppi A Peter Catinella Richard M Frankel Shailendra Prasad Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA bridge Lane Group Practice LondonUK Penn Center for Community Health Workers University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA National Clinician Scholars Program UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Health Systems and Population Health Sciences University of Houston Tilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Southern New Mexico Family Medicine Residency Program Las CrucesNew MexicoUSA New Mexico Primary Care Training Program Silver CityNew MexicoUSA Anthropology New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Hawai'i at Manoa John A Burns School of MedicineHonoluluHawaiiUSA Family Medicine and Community Health Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Family Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine–Transmountain Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTexasUSA Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Medical School-Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health’,authors address the following themes:‘Context—grounding family medicine in time,place and being’,‘Recentring community’,‘Community-oriented primary care’,‘Embeddedness in practice’,‘The meaning of health’,‘Disease,illness and sickness—core concepts’,‘The biopsychosocial model’,‘The biopsychosocial approach’and‘Family medicine as social medicine.’May readers grasp new implications for medical education and practice in these essays.

关键词： thematic illustration dimensions

Hepatitis b and C infection and liver disease trends among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第14期17卷 1807-1816页

作者： Susan E buskin Elizabeth A barash John D Scott David M Aboulafia robert W wood Public Health-Seattle and King County WA 98104United States University of Washington SeattleWA 98195United States Harborview Medical Center SeattleWA 98104United States Virginia Mason Medical Center SeattleWA 98101United States

AIM:To examine trends in and correlates of liver disease and viral hepatitis in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cohort. METHODS:The multi-site adult/adolescent spectrum of HIV-related diseases (ASD) followed 29 490 HIVinfected individuals receiving medical care in 11 U.S. metropolitan areas for an average of 2.4 years,and a total of 69 487 person-years,between 1998 and 2004. ASD collected data on the presentation,treatment,and outcomes of HIV,including liver disease,hepatitis screening,and hepatitis diagnoses. RESULTS:Incident liver disease,chronic hepatitis b virus (HbV),and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were diagnosed in 0.9,1.8,and 4.7 per 100 person-years. HbV and HCV screening increased from fewer than 20% to over 60% during this period of observation (P bV and screening for HCV,screening and vaccination were not universally conducted or,if conducted,not documented. CONCLUSION:Due to high rates of incident liver disease,viral hepatitis screening,vaccination,and treatment among HIV-infected individuals should be a priority.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis b Hepatitis C Liver disease

brittleness index predictions from Lower barnett Shale well-log data applying an optimized data matching algorithm at various sampling densities

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 444-457页

作者： David A.wood DWA Energy Limited LincolnUnited Kingdom

The capability of accurately predicting mineralogical brittleness index (bI) from basic suites of well logs is desirable as it provides a useful indicator of the fracability of tight *** mineralogical components in rocks is expensive and time ***,the basic well log curves are not well correlated with bI so correlation-based,machine-learning methods are not able to derive highly accurate bI predictions using such data.A correlation-free,optimized data-matching algorithm is configured to predict bI on a supervised basis from well log and core data available from two published wells in the Lower barnett Shale Formation (Texas).This transparent open box (TOb) algorithm matches data records by calculating the sum of squared errors between their variables and selecting the best matches as those with the minimum squared *** then applies optimizers to adjust weights applied to individual variable errors to minimize the root mean square error (RMSE)between calculated and predicted (bI).The prediction accuracy achieved by TOb using just five well logs (Gr,ρb,Ns,Rs,Dt) to predict bI is dependent on the density of data records *** a sampling density of about one sample per 0.5 ft bI is predicted with RMSE~0.056 and R^(2)~*** a sampling density of about one sample per0.1 ft bI is predicted with RMSE~0.008 and R^(2)~*** a stratigraphic height index as an additional (sixth)input variable method improves bI prediction accuracy to RMSE~0.003 and R^(2)~0.999 for the two wells with only 1 record in 10,000 yielding a bI prediction error of>±*** model has the potential to be applied in an unsupervised basis to predict bI from basic well log data in surrounding wells lacking mineralogical measurements but with similar lithofacies and burial *** method could also be extended to predict elastic rock properties in and seismic attributes from wells and seismic data to improve the precision of brittleness index and fracab

关键词： Well-log brittleness index estimates Data record sample densities Zoomed-in data interpolation Correlation-free prediction analysis Mineralogical and elastic influences

Rare earth elements distribution in marine sediments of Malaysia coasts

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Journal of Rare Earths 2009年第6期27卷 1066-1071页

作者： Rezaee Ebrahim Saraee Khadijeh Saion b.Elias Abdul Khalik wood Abdi Mohammad Reza Universiti Putra Malaysia Physics Department Instrumental Technology Division Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology Research(MINT) Department of physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Isfahan

In the east coast Peninsular Malaysia region,sediments are transported by several rivers from the east Malaysia into the South China Sea *** the vicinity of the five river estuaries core sediments were collected in order to investigate rare earth elements(REEs) *** sediments were divided into strata of between 2 to 4 cm intervals and prepared for analyzing by *** concentrations of 54.3 μg/gr at 24–26 cm in EC4 increased to 114.1 μg/gr at 20–22 cm in *** measured concentration of ...

关键词： enrichment factor rare earth elements marine sediments South China Sea shale average

Predicting total organic carbon from few well logs aided by well-log attributes

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Petroleum 2023年第2期9卷 166-182页

作者： David A.wood Lincoln LN59JPDWA Energy LimitedUnited Kingdom

Derivative/volatility well-log attributes from very few commonly recorded well logs can assist in the prediction of total organic carbon(TOC)in shales and tight *** is of value where only limited suites of well logs are recorded,and few laboratory measurements of TOC are conducted on rock *** from two Lower-barnett-Shale(LbS)wells(USA),including well logs and core analysis is *** demonstrates how well-log attributes can be exploited with machine learning(ML)to generate accurate TOC *** attributes are calculated for gamma-ray(GR),bulk-density(Pb)and compressional-sonic(DT)*** in combination with just one of those recorded logs,those attributes deliver more accurate TOC predictions with ML models than using all three recorded *** used in combination with two or three of the recorded logs,the attributes generate TOC prediction accuracy comparable with ML models using five recorded well ***-K-fold-cross-validation analysis reveals that the K-nearest-neighbour algorithm yields the most accurate TOC predictions for the LbS *** extreme-gradient-boosting(XGb)algorithm also performs *** is able to provide information about the relative importance of each well-log attribute used as an input *** facilitates feature selection making it possible to reduce the number of attributes required to generate accurate TOC predictions from just two or three recorded well logs.

关键词： TOC well-Log relationships Log attribute influences Log curve derivatives Moving average volatility Effective attribute combinations