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Characteristics of mountain glacier surge hazard: learning from a surge event in NE Pamir, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第7期16卷 1515-1533页

作者： YAO Xin javed iqbal LI Ling-jing ZHOU Zheng-kai Key Laboratory of Active Tectonic and Crustal Stability Assessment Institute of GeomechanicsChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100086China Department of Earth Sciences Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyKPK 22010Pakistan Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Abnormal glacier movement is likely to result in canyon-type hazards chain,such as the barrier lake of Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon formed by glacier debris flow in October 2018 in *** hazard usually evolves from the glacier surge and may occur in a regular *** the characteristics and process of glacier surge is important for early hazard recognition and hazard *** on field investigations,remote sensing interpretations and SAR offset-tracking surveys,this study confirms a typical glacier surge in the northeast Pamir,and presents its characteristics and processes."Black ice"mixed moraines choking uplift and overflowing lateral marine are the most important scenic characteristics,which were formed under the conditions of stagnant glacier downstream and abundant super-glacial *** movement event can be divided into a five-period cycle including quiescent,inoculation,initiation,fracture and *** surge event lasted for about 300 days,initiated in February 2015 developed extensive fracturing zone in spring and early summer at maximum velocity of 10±0.95 m/day,declined after August 2015 and recovered to quiescent status in October 2015 for the next *** average height of glacier"receiving"area increased by 20-40 m with 2.7-3.6×10^8 m^3 ice transferred from glacier"reservoir",and this volume accumulation again require 50-100 years for glacier mass balance which gives approximately 100 years frequency of the glacier ***,long-period increase of precipitation and temperature were favorable for the occurrence,hydr.logical instability is the direct triggering mechanism,and while the Glacier Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF)hazards are unlikely to occur with this surge.

关键词： Glacier surges Moraine Glacier hazards Mountain glacier Glacier monitoring Offset-tracking SAR

Structural, morphological, Raman, optical, magnetic, and antibacterial characteristics of CeO2 nanostructures

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第1期23卷 102-108页

作者： Fazal Abbas javed iqbal Tariq Jan Noor Badshah Qaisar Mansoor Muhammad Ismail Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology Department of Physics International Islamic University H-10 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Basic Science University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar 26000 Pakistan Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

In this study, CeO2 nanostructures were synthesized by a soft chemical method. A hydr.thermal treatment was observed to lead to an interesting morphological transformation of the nanoparticles into homogeneous microspheres composed of nanosheets with an average thickness of 40 nm. Structural analysis revealed the formation of a single-phase cubic fluorite structure of CeO2 for both samples. A Raman spectroscopic study confirmed the XRD results and furthermore indicated the presence of a large number of oxygen vacancies in the nanosheets. These oxygen vacancies led to room-temperature ferromagnetism （RTFM） of the CeO2 nanosheets with enhanced magnetic characteristics. Amazingly, the nanosheets exhibited substantially greater antibacterial activity than the nanoparticles. This greater antibacte- rial activity was attributed to greater exposure of high-surface-energy polar surfaces and to the presence of oxygen vacancies.

关键词： ceciurn oxide nanosheets chemical synthesis ferromagnetism oxygen vacancies antibacterial properties

Genetic dissection and origin of pleiotropic loci underlying multilevel fiber quality traits in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期 3250-3263页

作者： Hongge Li Shurong Tang Zhen Peng Guoyong Fu Yinhua Jia Shoujun Wei Baojun Chen Muhammad Shahid iqbal Shoupu He Xiongming Du Zhengzhou Research Base State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/School of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou University State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Cotton fiber quality is a persistent concern that determines planting benefits and the quality of finished textile ***,the limitations of measurement instruments have hindered the accurate evaluation of some important fiber characteristics such as fiber maturity,fineness,and neps,which in turn has impeded the genetic improvement and industrial utilization of cotton ***,12 single fiber quality traits were measured using Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS) equipment among 383 accessions of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).In addition,eight conventional fiber quality traits were assessed by the High Volume Instrument (HVI) ***-wide association study (GWAS),linkage disequilibrium (LD) block genotyping and functional identification were conducted sequentially to uncover the associated elite loci and candidate genes of fiber quality *** a result,the previously reported pleiotropic locus FL＿D11 regulating fiber length-related traits was identified in this *** importantly,three novel pleiotropic loci (FM＿A03,FF＿A05,and FN＿A07) regulating fiber maturity,fineness and neps,respectively,were detected based on AFIS *** highly promising candidate genes were screened out by integrating RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses,including the reported GhKRP6 for fiber length,the newly identified GhMAP8 for maturity and GhDFR for *** origin and evolutionary analysis of pleiotropic loci indicated that the selection pressure on FL＿D11,FM＿A03 and FF＿A05 increased as the breeding period approached the present and the origins of FM＿A03 and FF＿A05 were traced back to cotton *** findings reveal the genetic basis underlying fiber quality and provide insight into the genetic improvement and textile utilization of fiber in ***.

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Failure Mechanism and Stability Analysis of an Active Landslide in the Xiangjiaba Reservoir Area,Southwest China

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第3期29卷 646-661页

作者： javed iqbal Fuchu Dai Min Hong Xinbin Tu Qizhi Xie Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Earth Sciences Abbottabad University of Sciences and TechnologyAbbottabad 22500Pakistan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Hydr.china Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Changsha 410014China

Dam construction for hydr.power development is a very important subject all around the world, especially in developing countries due to energy crises. Filling of reservoir lakes may trigger or reactivate landslides in reservoir area. Active landslides in populated districts in the Xiangjiaba Reservoir area have become a striking problem for residents, local government and construction engineers. The key objective of this study is to analyze the role of reservoir filling and fluctuation in the activation/reactivation of the landslide as well as the mechanism of landslide from microstructures of pre-sheared slip surface. A large active landslide with a total volume of 1.25 Mm^3 at the left margin of Jinsha River in Pingshan County of Sichuan Province, Southwest China, was selected as a case study. Field investigation, field monitoring and laboratory tests were carried out to find out the failure mechanism and the stability of the active landslide. The shear strength test and stability analysis confirm that the water level fluctuations have an adverse effect on slope stability. It is obvious from microstructure analysis that the clay minerals contribute to down-slope movement at micro-scale as well as presence of expansive minerals （e.g., montmorillonite） decreases the strength of soil due to water level rise.

关键词： active landslide slope stability stability analysis microstructure montmorillonite.

氧调节原生负极-固态电解质界面层助力高稳定性固态钠金属电池

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Science Bulletin 2024年第1期69卷 49-58页

作者：曹克爽夏宇凡李皓盛黄慧琴 Sikandar iqbal Muhammad Yousaf 徐斌孙文平严密潘洪革姜银珠 School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311200China Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18STUK Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030China

Solid-state sodium metal batteries utilizing inorganic solid electrolytes(SEs)hold immense potentials such as intrinsical safety,high energy density,and environmental ***,the interfacial inhomogeneity/instability at the anode-SE interface usually triggers the penetration of sodium dendr.tes into the electrolyte,leading to short circuit and battery ***,confronting with the original nonuniform and high-resistance solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)at the Na-Na_(3)Zr_(2)Si_(2)PO_(12)interface,an oxygen-regulated SEI innovative approach is proposed to enhance the cycling stability of anode-SEs interface,through a spontaneous reaction between the metallic sodium(containing trace amounts of oxygen)and the Na_(3)Zr_(2)Si_(2)POi_(2)*** oxygen-regulated spontaneous SEI is thin,uniform,and kinetically stable to facilitate homogenous interfacial Na^+transportation,Benefitting from the optimized SEI,the assembled symmetric cell exhibits an ultra-stable sodium plating/stripping cycle for over 6600 h under a practical capacity of 3 mAh cm^(-2).Qua si-sol id-state batteries with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode deliver excellent cyclability over 500 cycles at a rate of 0.5 C(1 C=117 mA cm^(-2))with a high capacity retention of95.4%.This oxygen-regulated SEI strategy may offer a potential avenue for the future development of high-energy-density solid-state metal batteries.

关键词： Na metal anode Solid-state batteries NaSICON Anode interface Solid electrolyte interphase

In-depth analysis of Bt cotton adoption:farmers' opinions, genetic landscape, and varied perspectives——a case study from Pakistan

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第03期 277-288页

作者： SHAHZAD Rahil JAMIL Shakra CHAUDHRY Urooj Fatima RAHMAN Sajid Ur iqbal Muhammad Zaffar Genetically Modified Organisms Development and Testing Laboratory Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Centre of Excellence for Olive Research and Trainings(CEFORT) Barani Agricultural Research Institute

Background Bt technology has played significant role in controlling bollworms and increasing cotton yield in earlier days of its introduction, a subsequent decline in yield became apparent over time. This decline may be attributed to various environmental factors, pest dynamics, or combination of both. Therefore, the present biophysical survey and questionnaire were designed to evaluate the impact of Bt cotton on bollworms management and its effect on reducing spray costs, targeting farmers with varied landholdings and educational backgrounds. Additionally, data on farmers' cultivated varieties and the prevalence of bollworms and sucking insects in their fields were recorded. Subsequently, about eleven thousand cotton samples from farmer fields were tested for Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab and Vip3A genes by strip *** In this analysis, 83% of the farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology control bollworms, while 17% hold contradictory views. Similarly, among farmers cultivating unapproved varieties, 77% agree on effectiveness of Bt technology against bollworms, while 23% disagree. On the other hand, 67% of farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology does not reduce spray costs, while 33% agree with the effectiveness. Similarly, 78% of farmers cultivating unapproved varieties express doubt regarding its role to reduce spray costs, while 22% are in favour of this notion. Differences in opinions on the effectiveness of Bt cotton in controlling bollworms and reducing spray cost between farmers planting unapproved and approved varieties may stem from several factors. One major cause is the heavy infestation of sucking insects, which is probably due to the narrow genetic variation of the cultivated varieties. Additionally, the widespread cultivation of unapproved varieties(21.67%) is also an important factor to cause different opinions on the effectiveness of Bt *** Based on our findings, we propose that the ineffective cont

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Probability Prediction Model for Landslide Occurrences in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 345-359页

作者： ZHUANG Jian-qi iqbal javed PENG Jian-bing LIU Tie-ming College of Geological Engineering and Surveying of Changan University/Key Laboratory of Western China Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Department of Earth Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Geo-hazards Mitigation and Research of Chang'an University

Landslides are increasing since the 1980s in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China. This is due to the increase of the frequency and intensity of precipitation caused by complex geological structures, the presence of steep landforms, seasonal heavy rainfall, and the intensifcation of human activities. In this study, we propose a landslide prediction model based on the analysis of intraday rainfall(IR) and antecedent effective rainfall(AER). Primarily, the number of days and degressive index of the antecedent effective rainfall which affected landslide occurrences in the areas around Qin Mountains, Li Mountains and Loess Tableland was established. Secondly, the antecedent effective rainfall and intraday rainfall were calculated from weather data which were used to construct critical thresholds for the 10%, 50% and 90% probabilities for future landslide occurrences in Qin Mountain, Li Mountain and Loess Tableland. Finally, the regions corresponding to different warning levels were identified based on the relationship between precipitation and the threshold, that is; "A" region is safe, "B" region is on watch alert, "C" region is on warning alert and "D" region is on severe warning alert. Using this model, a warning program is proposed which can predict rainfall-induced landslides by means of real-time rain gauge data and real-time geo-hazard alert and disaster response programs. Sixteen rain gauges were installed in the Xi'an region by keeping in accordance with the regional geology and landslide risks. Based on the data from gauges, this model accurately achieves the objectives of conducting real-time monitoring as well as providing early warnings of landslides in the Xi'an region.

关键词： Landslide Probability prediction model Real-time monitoring Xi'an

Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 62-68页

作者： Ashok Jangra Priyanka Gola Jiten Singh Pooja Gond Swarnabha Ghosh Mahesh Rachamalla Abhijit Dey Danish iqbal Mehnaz Kamal Punya Sachdeva Saurabh Kumar Jha Shreesh Ojha Dinesh Kumar Niraj Kumar Jha Hitesh Chopra Shing Cheng Tan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia Department of Biology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Health Information Management College of Applied Medical SciencesBuraydah Private CollegesBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia GloNeuro Vishwakarma RoadNoidaIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering&Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Bioengineering&Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Taurine is a sulfur-containing,semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the *** alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease *** part of its limiting functions,taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress,Ca^(2+)homeostasis,and neuronal activity at the molecular *** effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders,including stro ke,epilepsy,cerebral ischemia,memory dysfunction,and spinal cord *** various therapies are available,effective management of these disorders remains a global *** 30 million people are affected *** design of taurine fo rmation co uld lead to potential dr.gs/supplements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system *** general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various possible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this *** article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various *** the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms,it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics,with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.

关键词： antioxidant epilepsy γ-amino butyric acid neurodegenerative disorders neuroprotection oxidative stress spinal cord injury taurine

The Effect of Currency Exchange Rate Fluctuation on Import and Export of China

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The Effect of Currency Exchange Rate Fluctuation on Import a...

作者： Muhammad javed iqbal 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

Large exporters are simultaneously large *** is the fact that with the fluctuation of currency exchange rate import and export business effect *** is the reason I choose this topic due to literature works and clearly highlights the situation created by a *** and export rate effects the economy of any country behind this the main thing is exchange rate of *** research will show the fluctuation exist in import and export business in *** main issue is that why Chinese currency going down second exchange rate reform on 11 Aug.2015 and what effects accurse with this *** this is very complex situation for any country to down value the currency exchange *** situation especially affects the import only because devaluation of currency means that we are facing the difficulties in import due to more costly and *** stable the economy of every country,it is necessary to keep a balance on currency exchange *** officially lowering nation’s currency is a good sign for those countries that have more export and not relying on heavy imported *** in reverse situation,it will create a tough time for the economy of that *** research will show some merits and demerits of the devaluation of Yuan and also describe the reason why China currency exchange rate going down in a previous *** study will show how China gets benefit from decreasing the local currency exchange *** main purpose of this study is to show the effect of currency exchange rate in 2016 in import and export market and also aimed to describe the strategy behind this ups and down of currency *** also explain the import of this fluctuation on the whole economy of the *** research will conduct the data from year 2016 what’s going on in this year with the fluctuation of currency exchange rate in import and export *** from this research show the positive impact of devaluation in 2016 in Yuan exchange

关键词：进出口贸易人民币汇率经济贸易