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Optimization of Hot Water Temperature Dipping and Calcium Chloride Treatment to the Selected Physico-Chemical Parameters of Keitt Mango and Cavendish Banana Fruits

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 912-935页

作者： dovel branquinho ernesto Mary Omwamba Abdul Faraj Symon Mahungu Agriculture Division of Instituto Superior Politécnico de Manica Matsinho Mozambique Dairy & Food Science & Technology Department Egerton University Njoro Kenya

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and banana (Musa acuminata) are the most popular fruits in the world and widely cultivated crops in the tropical and subtropical zones. Keitt mangoes and Cavendish bananas are the largest cultivar of these fruits found in the Mozambique market. They are only available for a short period each year mostly during the late summer and early falls. Due to mango and banana fruits high water activity and respiration rate, are perishable foods and require conservation methods for preservation and availability. The aim of this study was to optimize the hot water-calcium chloride concentration treatment regime for improved postharvest handling of mangoes and bananas. The fruits collected were of uniform size, and at greenyellowish maturity stage based on length, diameter, colour and firmness. The process was optimized by experimental central composite design using hot water temperature (50°C - 60°C) and calcium chloride concentration (2% - 4%) with the aid of desirability function. The samples were analyzed for the centesimal composition, firmness, colour, °Brix, Aw, pH, titratable acidity and vitamin C. The results showed that hot water temperature and calcium chloride concentration were influent on the Keitt mangoes b* colour attribute, pH and titratable acidity as well as the Cavendish bananas firmness, ash and vitamin C content. The optimal conditions of the process were stabilized with the desirable function and, coincidentally for both crops, obtained at 55°C of hot water temperature dipping and 3% of calcium chloride concentration. The simulated data were similar to the experimental ones. This is the first time that calcium chloride-hot water treatment is being reported as a means of extending the shelf-life of mangoes and bananas.

关键词： Mangifera Musa Optimization Central Composite Design Desirability Function

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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： ernesto Doncel-Pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

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Self-Organized Growth of Complex Nanotube Patterns on Crystal Surfaces

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 743-754页

作者： ernesto Joselevich Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 76100Israel

The organization of carbon nanotubes into well-dened straight or curved geometries and arrays on surfaces is a critical prerequisite for their integration into nanocircuits and a variety of functional *** review the recent development of a new approach to carbon nanotube organization based on self-organized growth directed by well-defined crystal surfaces,or“nanotube epitaxy”.We identify three different modes of surface-directed growth,namely by atomic rows,atomic steps,and *** emphasis is given here to the combinations of such surface-directed growth with external forces-like those exerted by an electriceld or gas o-wfor the creation of well-de-ned complex geometries,including crossbar architectures,serpentines,and coils.

关键词： Nanotubes self-organization surface science nanostructures nanofabrication self-assembly

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Study of geometric parameters for the design of short intakes with fan modelling

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第11期35卷 18-32页

作者： Andrea MAGRINI ernesto BENINI Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitá degli Studi di PadovaPadova 35131Italy

The flow over a short intake is characterised by a strong interaction with the fan, that can only be captured when the rotor blades are modelled in the numerical simulations. In this paper, we use a coupled methodology to derive indications about relevant geometric variables affecting the high-incidence operation of an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan intake with a length-to-diameter ratio of 0.35. By reproducing the effect of the fan through a body force model, we carry out a parametric study of the influence of the contraction ratio and the scarf angle at take-off conditions for a grid of 28 different three-dimensional shapes. The analysis of the selected performance metrics distributions at three angles of attack of 16., 24., and 28. reveals that a contraction ratio higher than 1.20 is needed to avoid separation at high incidence. While for an attached inlet the best performance is found with a moderate scarf angle, in presence of a developed separation the distortion level reduces as the scarf decreases up to negative values. We discuss the correspondence between the distortion indexes and the flow field, highlighting the origin of the detachment for the different geometries, according to the operating condition, and analysing the fan operation in the most distorted case. Finally, we assess the influence of modelling the rotor in the simulations, showing that its suppression effect on the separation at a given incidence depends on the intake geometric features.

关键词： Body force method Coupled methods Fan/intake interaction Nacelle aerodynamics Short intake UHBPR

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The plasma membrane calcium pump in the hearing process:physiology and pathology

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2011年第8期54卷 686-690页

作者： ernesto CARAFOLI Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Padova

Mammalian cells express four different plasma membrane Ca2+ *** of them(PMCA1 and PMCA4) are expressed ubiquitously,and are considered housekeeping ***(PMCA2 and PMCA4) have tissue restricted *** are abundantly expressed in the brain and in nervous tissue-derived cell *** primary transcripts of all PMCAs undergo alternative splicing,generating a large number of additional *** occurs at site A,in the N-terminal moiety of the pump,and at site C,within the C-terminal calmodulin binding domain:The pumps are canonical targets of calmodulin *** site C insertion leads to a truncation of the pump about 50 residues short of the original *** of the pumps(PMCA2) has special properties:It displays high activity even in the absence of the natural activator calmodulin,and has a particularly complex pattern of alternative splicing at both sites A and C.A variant of the PMCA2 pump containing an insert at site A and truncated C-terminally is the resident isoform of the pump in the stereocilia of hair cells of the inner *** exports Ca2+to the endolymph that bathes the stereocilia less efficiently than the full length,non-inserted PMCA2 *** proper functioning of hair cells demands the precise maintenance of the Ca2+balance between hair cells and the endolymph. Disturbances in the balance affect the process of mechano-electrical transduction,which depends on the ability of the stereo-ciliar bundle to deflect in response to sound *** tip links that organize the bundle are formed by the Ca2+binding pro-tein cadherin 23 and by protocadherin 15:Disturbances of the Ca2+binding by cadherin 23 and/or of the ability of the PMCA2 variant of the stereocilia to export Ca2+to the endolymph generate hearing loss *** phenotypes have now been described in mice and *** some cases they are linked to mutations of both cadherin 23 and the PMCA2 pump,but in other cases they may be generated by mutati

关键词： calcium ATPases PMCA2 hereditary deafness calmodulin hair cells

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Physico-Chemical Characterization of Keitt Mango and Cavendish Banana Fruits Produced in Mozambique

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第5期9卷 556-571页

作者： dovel B. ernesto dovel B. ernesto Mary Omwamba Mary Omwamba Abdul K. Faraj Abdul K. Faraj Symon M. Mahungu Symon M. Mahungu Agriculture Division of Instituto Superior Polité cnico de Manica Campus de Matsinho Manica Mozambique Dairy & amp Food Science & amp Technology Department Egerton University Njoro Campus Nakuru Kenya

Mangoes (Mangifera indica) and bananas (Musa acuminata) are climacteric fruits with a high potential for export due to their exotic aroma and sweet taste. This study aimed to characterize the physical and chemical parameters of Keitt mangoes and Cavendish bananas from different regions of Mozambique. The fruits were collected from Gaza, Manica and Nampula districts of south, central and north parts of Mozambique, respectively. The banana and mango samples were collected in Mid-August 2016 and January 2017, respectively. The fruits collected were at three different maturity stages (green, green-yellowish and yellow). The sample materials were characterised according to their centesimal composition, size, weight, firmness and colour. Analyses of soluble solids and ascorbic acid were, also, performed. The results revealed that the parameters were a good indicator of the maturity stage as well as for multivariate mango and banana applications and consumption. The parameters confirmed that mango fruits with low moisture (green with 83.62%), and fibers (0.44%), high ash (2.05%) crude lipids (0.29%), protein (0.85%) and carbohydrate (13.81%), high total soluble solids (24.60%), and high vitamin C content (14.83 mg/100g) were collected in Nampula with statistic differences (p < 0.05) between region of fruit production in Mozambique and stages of fruit maturity. However, banana fruits with low moisture (73.18%) and fibers (0.27%), high crude proteins (3.44%), ash (0.58%), and crude lipids content (4.92%), high total soluble solids (24.50%) and vitamin C content (2.40 mg/100g) were collected in Manica, where statistic differences (p < 0.05) were reported. This is the first time that Keitt mangoes and Cavendish bananas fruits have been characterized either in relation to the region of production in Mozambique or in relation to the various stages of maturity. This information can be exploited by various actors along the mango and banana value chain.

关键词： Mangifera indica Musa acuminata Quality Physicochemical Characteristics Maturity Stage Mozambique Geographic Regions

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Assessing the Environmental Impact of Extensive Beef Production in Grazing Lands of Argentina

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 1943-1962页

作者： ernesto Viglizzo Florencia Ricard Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasSanta Rosa6300La PampaArgentina Universidad Austral Rosario2000Santa FeArgentina Secretaría de Ambiente y Cambio Climático del Gobierno de La Pampa Santa Rosa6300La PampaArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de La PampaSanta Rosa6300La PampaArgentina

Because of environmental constraints,beef cattle was for more than a century the only viable farming option in the extensive semiarid and subhumid lands of Argentina and the main source of nutrients for humans as ***,a growing concern and criticism have risen today about its possible negative impact on the climate and the *** worries tend to affect current public opinions,national policies,and international *** on 40 beef cattle farms scattered across different semiarid and subhumid regions of Argentina,here we evaluated the impact of extensive cattle production on carbon,water,and nutrient ***-Cycle Assessment(LCA)and Land-Based Assessment(LBA)were the two approaches we used here to compare the environmental impact of beef *** the environmental footprint(EF)resulting from LCA expresses the impact per unit of food,the environmental balance(EB),derived from LBA,aims at quantifying the impact per unit of *** such,the EB considers both negative and positive impacts on the farm as an integrated *** standardized procedures,we evaluated EF and EB up to the farm gate,leaving aside delocalized post-farm impacts such as those of processing,packaging,and transportation that occur beyond the farm *** agreement with previous evidence,our results show that the EF tends to decrease as per-head production *** coefficients and statistical significance were the following for carbon(R=−0.574;p<0.01),water(R=−0.561;p<0.01),and N(R=−0.704;p<0.01)and Phosphorus(P)pollution(R=−0.802;p<0.01)*** the contrary,the EB seems to be highly sensitive,and as per-hectare beef production *** were the following for carbon emissions(CE:R=0.955;p<0.01),water consumption(WC:R=0.822;p<0.01),nitrogen excretion(NE:R=0.948;p<0.01)and phosphorus excretion(PE:R=0.945;p<0.01).What our results suggest is that the notion of EF is useful to evaluate the environmental impact in intensive beef

关键词： Beef production extensive cattle raising grazing conditions environmental impact assessment

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Probabilistic estimate of rock mass static and dynamic demands for underground excavation stabilisation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 481-493页

作者： ernesto Villaescusa Alan Thompson Christopher Windsor Western Australia School of Mines Curtin UniversityLocked Bag 30KalgoorlieWA 6433Australia Alan Thompson Geotechnology Pty Ltd. 40B Windich StreetEsperanceWA 6450Australia

Excavation damage under high in situ stress depends largely upon the potential block size associated with any violent *** size and shape of the dynamic instability are largely controlled by the location,orientation and extent of the pre-existing geological discontinuities.A new methodology is presented in which the rock mass demand can be expressed in terms of the mass in tonnes of unstable rock that is ejected per unit area of the excavation surface where failure occurs.A probabilistic approach has been implemented to estimate the potential rock mass instabilities and their associated static and dynamic *** new methodology considers that the strain energy released by the rock mass during violent stress-driven failure is largely converted into kinetic energy of ejection for *** estimated dynamic demand has been favourably compared with observations of rock mass damage in a number of underground excavations.

关键词： Geological structures Probabilistic design Underground excavations High stresses Dynamic and static demands Deep mining

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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the elderly: pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic approach

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2019年第5期16卷 421-428页

作者： ernesto Ruiz Duque Alexandros Briasoulis Paulino A Alvarez Cardiomyopathy Section Cardiology Division University of Iowa

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms and sings of heart failure with elevated left ventricular filling pressures at rest or during *** is the most common type of heart failure in the elderly and its prevalence increases with age and is higher in females at any given *** is frequently accompanied of comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus,obesity,atrial fibrillation and renal *** diagnosis relies in the integration of clinical information,laboratory data and interpretation of cardiac imaging and hemodynamic findings at rest and during *** that have a specific treatment such as coronary artery disease,valvular disease,cardiac amyloidosis and constrictive pericarditis should be considered and evaluated as *** management of comorbidities,optimization of blood pressure control and volume status using diuretics as needed are among the current treatment *** are no specific therapies that have shown to decrease mortality in *** symptomatic patients with history of hospital admission for decompensated heart failure,the implantation of a wireless pulmonary artery pressure monitor should be ***,given the high mortality of this condition,goals of care discussion should be initiated early and involvement of palliative care medicine should be considered.

关键词： Echocardiography Ejection fraction Heart failure Pharmacology The elderly

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Eventual Leader Election with Weak Assumptions on Initial Knowledge,Communication Reliability,and Synchrony

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第6期25卷 1267-1281页

作者： Antonio Fernndez Anta ernesto Jimnez Michel Raynal Institute IMDEA Networks Avenida del Mar Mediterraneo EUI Universidad Politcnica de Madrid IRISA Universit de Rennes

This paper considers the eventual leader election problem in asynchronous message-passing systems where an arbitrary number t of processes can crash（t〈n,where n is the total number of processes）.It considers weak assumptions both on the initial knowledge of the processes and on the network *** precisely,initially,a process knows only its identity and the fact that the process identities are different and totally ordered（it knows neither n nor t）.Two eventual leader election protocols and a lower bound are *** first protocol assumes that a process also knows a lower bound α on the number of processes that do not *** protocol requires the following behavioral properties from the underlying network：the graph made up of the correct processes and fair lossy links is strongly connected,and there is a correct process connected to（n〈f）-α other correct processes（where f is the actual number of crashes in the considered run） through eventually timely paths（paths made up of correct processes and eventually timely links）.This protocol is not communication-efficient in the sense that each correct process has to send messages *** second protocol is communication-efficient：after some time,only the final common leader has to send messages *** protocol does not require the processes to know α,but requires stronger properties from the underlying network：each pair of correct processes has to be connected by fair lossy links（one in each direction）,and there is a correct process whose n〈f-1 output links to the rest of correct processes have to be eventually timely.A matching lower bound result shows that any eventual leader election protocol must have runs with this number of eventually timely links,even if all processes know all the processes *** addition to being communication-efficient,the second protocol has another noteworthy efficiency property,namely,be the run finite or infinite,all the local variables and message fields have

关键词： eventually timely and fair lossy links eventual leader election failure detector omega leader oracle process initial knowledge

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