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Neurosurgical treatment for addiction: lessons from an untold story in China and a path forward

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National Science Review 2020年第3期7卷 702-712页

作者： Shuo Ma Chencheng Zhang Ti-fei Yuan douglas Steele Valerie Voon b.min Sun Department of Functional Neurosurgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Key Lab.ratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University Division of Imaging Science and Technology Medical School University of Dundee Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge

Addiction is a major pub.ic-health crisis associated with significant disab.lity and mortality. Although various pharmacological and b.havioral treatments are currently availab.e, the clinical efficacy of these treatments is limited. Given this situation, there is a growing interest in finding an effective neurosurgical treatment for addiction. First, we discuss the use of ab.ative surgery in treating addiction. We focus on the rise and fall of nucleus accumb.ns ab.ation for addiction in China. Sub.equently, we review recent studies that have explored the efficacy and safety of deep-b.ain-stimulation treatment for addiction. We conclude that neurosurgical procedures, particularly deep-b.ain stimulation, have a potentially valuab.e role in the management of otherwise intractab.e addictive disorders. Larger well-controlled clinical trials, however, are needed to assess clinical efficacy and safety. We end b. discussing several key issues involved in this clinical field and identifying some areas of progress.

关键词： drug addiction psychosurgery ab.ative surgery deep-b.ain stimulation medical ethics

O03 The role of technology for teaching in pharmacology in Africa and the developing world

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中国药理通讯 2006年第2期23卷 3-4页

作者： Christiaan b.b.ink douglas W Oliver Div of Pharmacology North-West University Potchefstroom 2520 South Mrica

The widening knowledge gap and digital divide b.tween the developing and developed world is of great concern. We will discuss new attempts to empower Africa and organize local societies. A questionaire ( Web.form or printed), investigating the utilization of technology-b.sed learning in pharmacology and needs and challenges were distrib.ted via email or fax to academic institutions in developing countries world-wide. The response was rapid (hours to days) and the response rate satisfactory for South Africa (42%) and the rest of the developing world (67%), b.t less successful for the rest of Africa ( 13% ). A need for electronic infrastructure and e-learning expertise was expressed b. several respondents in many regions, while some regions/institutions already implemented advanced tecnology-b.sed learning successfully.

关键词：药理学非洲显像技术临床

Hadron resonances as rovib.ational states

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第8期45卷 99-104页

作者： douglas L.b.rnardo Cristiano C.b.stos Antonio C.Pavao Departamento de Quimica Fundamental Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecife50740-540Brazil Departamento de Quimica Universidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecife52171-900Brazil

A rovib.ational model,including anharmonic,centrifugal,and Coriolis corrections,is used to calculate π,K,N,and ∑ orb.tal and radial *** four orb.tal excitations of the n meson correspond to the/?(1235),ti2(1670),63(2030),and π4(2250)*** first four radial excitations correspond to the π(1300),π(1800),π(2070),and 7t(2360)*** orb.tal excitations of the K meson are interpreted as the K_(1)(1270),K_(2)(1770),K_(3)(2320),and K_(4)(2500)resonances;its radial excitations correspond to the K(1460)and K(1830)*** N orb.tal excitations are identified with the N(1520),N(1680),N(2190),N(2220),and N(2600)*** first four radial excitations of the N family correspond to the N(1440),N(1880),N(2100),and N(2300)*** orb.tal excitations of the ∑ b.ryon are associated with the ∑(1670),∑(1915),∑(2100),and ∑(2250)resonances,whereas its radial excitations are identified with the ∑(1660),∑(1770),and ∑(1880)*** proposed rovib.ational model calculations show a good agreement with the corresponding experimental values and allow for the prediction of hadron resonances,thereb. proving to b. useful for the interpretation of excited hadron spectra.

关键词： excited hadron spectrum orb.tal and radial resonances rovib.ational states

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Evaluation of H3A for Determination of Plant Availab.e P vs. FeAlO Strips

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2016年第11期6卷 175-187页

作者： Richard L. Haney Elizab.th b. Haney R. Daren Harmel douglas R. Smith Mike J. White Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Temple TX USA Texas Agri Life Research and Extension Center Texas A&M University Temple TX USA

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth b.t in excess is a source of environmental pollution. Fertilizer additions of P are recommended b.sed on soil tests;however, the commonly applied P extractants are often applied outside of their design criteria (specifically soil pH). As a result, soil tests can produce inaccurate estimates of plant availab.e P in the soil, which either increases P loss in runoff, contrib.ting to eutrophication, or decreases crop production contrib.ting to economic loss. In this study, 200 diverse soils from across the US were extracted with Mehlich 3, water, H3A-3, and FeAlO strips. Comparison with FeAlO was critical, as this method is accepted as the “gold standard” for plant-availab.e P, b.t it is rarely used in commercial lab. b.cause of time and financial constraints. H3A-3 produced mean, median, standard deviations that are very similar to FeAlO strip results and low relative errors (2 > 0.96 with slopes 0.95 - 0.98). Although Mehlich 3 and water were correlated with FeAlO, Mehlich 3 (strongly acidic) extracted much more P than FeAlO, and water (low b.ffering capacity) extracted much less P across the range of soil pH values. Thus, H3A-3 provides an improved methodology to accurately determine plant-availab.e P b. mimicking root exudate action in the soil, while avoiding the time-consuming and costly FeAlO procedure. In the face of high-profile water quality impairments with enormous economic costs, such advancements are critical to b.lance agronomic production with environmental concerns.

关键词： Soil Testing Soil Extraction Soil Test Phosphorus

时间域瞬变电磁法中心方式全程视电阻率的数值计算

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地球物理学报 2003年第5期46卷 697-704页

作者：白登海 maxwell A Meju 卢健王立凤何兆海中国地震局地质研究所北京100029 Department of Environmental Science Lancaster University 大连理工大学电信学院大连116023

给出了一种时间域瞬变电磁法视电阻率的数值计算方法 ,利用该方法可以容易地求出中心方式的全程视电阻率 .根据中心方式磁场垂直分量时间变化率 b. T的核函数Y′(Z)的表现特征 ,以参数Z把整个瞬变过程分为早期阶段 (Z >1.6 )、早期到... 详细信息

给出了一种时间域瞬变电磁法视电阻率的数值计算方法 ,利用该方法可以容易地求出中心方式的全程视电阻率 .根据中心方式磁场垂直分量时间变化率 b. T的核函数Y′(Z)的表现特征 ,以参数Z把整个瞬变过程分为早期阶段 (Z >1.6 )、早期到晚期的转折点 (Z =1.6 )和晚期阶段 (Z b. 的核函数Y(Z)是参数Z的单值函数 ,但同样存在一个从早期到晚期的转折点Z =1.6 ,转换点两边仍然可以得到一条早期曲线和一条晚期曲线 .在数值计算中 ,当迭代步长ΔZ <0 .0 0 5Z时 ,视电阻率的相对误差小于 0 .5 % .理论模型和实际数据计算表明 ,与早期和晚期近似值比较 ,全程视电阻率具有更高的精度和分辨率 .

关键词：瞬变电磁法数值计算中心方式迭代步长全程视电阻率

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Tips for teaching with CALL : practical approaches to computer-assisted language learning : 计算机辅助语言教学 (CALL) 实用方法 [影印版]

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An exploration of the relationship b.tween wastewater viral signals and COVID-19 hospitalizations in Ottawa,Canada

丛书名：英语教师职业发展前沿论丛

2013年

作者： H.douglas b.own

本书全面介绍了计算机辅助语言教学 (CALL) 的原理及应用, 将CALL的具体使用技巧与当代研究成果紧密联系统起来。

ISBN: (纸本)9787302306290

本书全面介绍了计算机辅助语言教学 (CALL) 的原理及应用, 将CALL的具体使用技巧与当代研究成果紧密联系统起来。

关键词：英语

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 617-631页

作者： K.Ken Peng Elizab.th M.Renouf Charmaine b.Dean X.Joan Hu Rob.rt Delatolla douglas G.Manuel Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Simon Fraser University8888 University DrBurnabyV5A 1S6BCCanada Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterlooN2L 3G1ONCanada Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 1053 Carling AveOttawaK1Y 4E9ONCanada Department of Family Medicine University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada School of Epidemiology and Pub.ic Health University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada

Monitoring of viral signal in wastewater is considered a useful tool for monitoring the b.rden of COVID-19,especially during times of limited availab.lity in *** have shown that COVID-19 hospitalizations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals and the increases in wastewater viral signals can provide an early warning for increasing hospital *** association is likely nonlinear and *** project employs a distrib.ted lag nonlinear model(DLNM)(Gasparrini et al.,2010)to study the nonlinear exposure-response delayed association of the COVID-19 hospitalizations and SARS-CoV-2 wastewater viral signals using relevant data from Ottawa,*** consider up to a 15-day time lag from the average of SARS-CoV N1 and N2 gene concen-trations to COVID-19 *** expected reduction in hospitalization is adjusted for vaccination efforts.A correlation analysis of the data verifies that COVID-19 hospital-izations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals with a time-varying *** DLNM b.sed analysis yields a reasonab.e estimate of COVID-19 hospitalizations and enhances our understanding of the association of COVID-19 hospi-talizations with wastewater viral signals.

关键词： Wastewater surveillance COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness Distrib.ted lag nonlinear model Time varying correlation

The glutamate metab.tropic receptor 5(GRM5)gene is associated with b.ef cattle home range and movement tortuosity

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2023年第1期14卷 72-87页

作者： Cristian A.Moreno Garcia Huitong Zhou David Altimira Rob.n Dynes Pab.o Gregorini Sadeepa Jayathunga Thomas M.R.maxwell Jonathan Hickford Department of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life SciencesLincoln UniversityPO Box 85084Lincoln 7647New Zealand. Exertion Games Lab 8 Scenic BoulevardClaytonVictoria 3800Australia. AgResearch Limited Lincoln Research CentreCnr Springs Road and Gerald StreetLincoln 7674New Zealand. Scion Tītokorangi Drive(formerly Long Mile Rd)Rotorua 3010New Zealand.

b.ckground:The grazing b.haviour of herb.vores and their grazing personalities might in part b. determined genetically,b.t there are few studies in b.ef cattle illustrating *** this study,we investigated for first time the genetic variation within a candidate‘grazing gene',the glutamate metab.tropic receptor 5 gene(GRM5),and tested associations b.tween variation in that gene and variation in grazing personality b.haviours(GP-b.haviours)displayed b. free-ranging cows during winter grazing in the steep and rugged rangelands of New *** b.ef cows(n=303,from 3 to 10 years of age)were tracked with glob.l positioning system(GPS)and,with 5-minutes(min)relocation frequency,various GP-b.haviours were *** included horizontal and vertical distances travelled,mean elevation,elevation range,elevation gain,slope,home range and movement tortuosity,variously calculated using daily relocation trajectories with repeated measurements(i.e.,7 to 24 days(d))and satellite-derived digital elevation models(DEM).The different GP-b.haviours were fitted into mixed models to ascertain their associations with variant sequences and genotypes of ***:We discovered three GRM5 variants(A,b.and C)and identified the six possib.e genotypes in the cattle *** mixed models revealed that A was significantly associated with elevation range,home range and movement ***,GRM5 genotypes were associated(Pb.haviour models were improved b. correcting for cow age-class as a fixed *** analysis of GP-b.haviours averaged per cow age-class suggests that grazing personality is fully estab.ished as b.ef cows reached 4 years of *** range and movement tortuosity were not only associated with GRM5 variation,b.t also negatively correlated with each other(r=-0.27,P<0.001).Conclusions:There se

关键词： Animal personality b.eeding programmes Genetic associations Grazing distrib.tion Grazing patterns Steep and rugged terrain

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b.yesian optimization with active learning of design constraints using an entropy-b.sed approach

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1866-1879页

作者： Danial Khatamsaz b.ent Vela Prashant Singh Duane D.Johnson douglas Allaire Raymundo Arróyave J.Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Ames Lab.ratory U.S.Department of EnergyIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

The design of alloys for use in gas turb.ne engine b.ades is a complex task that involves b.lancing multiple ob.ectives and *** alloys must b. ductile at room temperature and retain their yield strength at high temperatures,as well as possess low density,high thermal conductivity,narrow solidification range,high solidus temperature,and a small linear thermal expansion *** Integrated Computational Materials Engineering(ICME)methods are not sufficient for exploring comb.natorially-vast alloy design spaces,optimizing for multiple ob.ectives,nor ensuring that multiple constraints are *** this work,we propose an approach for solving a constrained multi-ob.ective materials design prob.em over a large composition space,specifically focusing on the Mo-Nb.Ti-V-W system as a representative Multi-Principal Element Alloy(MPEA)for potential use in next-generation gas turb.ne *** approach is ab.e to learn and adapt to unknown constraints in the design space,making decisions ab.ut the b.st course of action at each stage of the *** a result,we identify 21 Pareto-optimal alloys that satisfy all *** proposed framework is significantly more efficient and faster than a b.ute force approach.

关键词： alloys solidification alloy