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Mycobacterium bovis BCG as a Delivery System for the dtb Gene Antigen from Diphtheria Toxin

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2017年第4期7卷 176-189页

作者： Dilzamar V.Nascimento Odir A.Dellagostin Denise C.S.Matos douglas mcintosh Raphael Hirata Jr. Geraldo M.B.Pereira Ana Luíza Mattos-Guaraldi Geraldo R.G.Armoa Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Núcleo de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de PelotasCampus UniversitárioPelotasBrazil Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Fundacao Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fundacao Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Veterinária Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroSeropedicaRio de JaneiroBrazil

Diphtheria is a fulminant bacterial disease caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae whose local and systemic manifestations are due to the action of the diphtheria toxin (DT). The vaccine which is used to prevent diphtheria worldwide is a toxoid obtained by detoxifying DT. Although associated with high efficacy in the prevention of disease, the current anti-diphtheria vaccine, one of the components of DTP (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis triple vaccine), may present post vaccination effects such as toxicity and reactogenicity resulting from the presence of contaminants in the vaccine that originated during the process of production and/or detoxification. Therefore, strategies to develop a less toxic and at the same time economically viable vaccine alternatives are needed to improve existing vaccines in use worldwide. In this study, the Moreau substrain of BCG which is used in Brazil as a live vaccine against human tuberculosis was genetically modified to carry and express the gene encoding for the diphtheria toxin fragment B (DTB). As such, the DNA sequence encoding the dtb gene was cloned into the pUS977 shuttle vector for cytoplasmic expression and successfully introduced into BCG cells by electroporation. Mice immunized with recombinant BCG expressing DTB showed seroconversion with the detection of specific antibodies against DTB. Also, rBCGs stably expressing DTB persisted up to 60 days in the absence of selective pressure in mice and cell viability did not change significantly during the period tested. Finally, immune sera from BALB/c mice vaccinated with rBCGpUS977dtbPW8 were preliminarily tested for their capacity of neutralizing the diphtheria toxin in the Vero Cells assay.

关键词： Recombinant BCG Diphtheria Toxin dtb Gene Park Williams 8(PW8) Corynebacterium diphtheriae rDTBPW8 pUS977 Vector

A Many Worlds Interpretation of the Dark Universe

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 828-835页

作者： Richard douglas Bateson Cavendish Laboratory Cambridge UK

In this paper, we discuss a Many Worlds Interpretation (MWI) of Dark Energy and Dark Matter. The universe is viewed cosmologically as a fermionic fluid with a hydrostatic pressure from “Zitterbewegung”, the quantum “zig-zagging” of Dirac particles. At each point in space-time, the pressure from all possible velocity states existing in the Many Worlds sums to provide a dark energy. This provides a ratio of matter energy to pressure energy close to that observed experimentally. Visible matter is the matter observed or measured in a particular velocity state and dark matter is then considered as the unobserved fermion contributions from different orthogonal spatial directions.

关键词： Dark Energy Dark Matter Many Worlds

Increasing dietary fiber intake for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 1001-1010页

作者： douglas Nitzke Juliana Czermainski Carolina Rosa Chaline Coghetto Sabrina Alves Fernandes Randhall B Carteri Department of Nutrition Centro Universitário CESUCACachoeirinha 94935-630Brazil Department of Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90430-080Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a chronic,non-communicable disease with a substantial global impact,affecting a significant number of *** etiology is closely tied to imbalanced dietary practices and sedentary ***,increasing die-tary fiber(DF)intake has consistently demonstrated health benefits in numerous studies,including improvements in glycemic control and weight *** To investigate the efficacy of DF interventions in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the association between DF intake and the management of *** the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 26 studies were included in this *** The main strategies implied to increased DF intake were:High DF diet plus acarbose(2 studies);DF supplements(14 studies);and high DF diets(10 studies).Overall,most studies indicated that increased DF intake resulted in im-provements in glycemic control and weight management in T2DM *** DF represents a valuable strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,improving health *** intake offers the potential to improve quality of life and reduce complications and mortality associated with ***,through supplements or enriched foods,DF contributes significantly to the control of several markers such as HbA1c,blood glucose,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,and body weight.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Soluble fibers Insoluble fibers Probiotics Blood glucose Nutrition

Assessment of the piroxicam-incited model of synchronized colitis in T-cell receptor alpha chain-deficient mice

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 533-543页

作者： Maximo E.Lange Danisa M.Bescucci Valerie F.Boras Tony Montina G.douglas Inglis douglas inglis 11 lethbridge research and development centre agriculture and agri-food canadalethbridgealbertacanada alberta health services chinook regional hospitallethbridgealbertacanada department of chemistry and biochemistry university of lethbridgelethbridgealbertacanada southern alberta genome sciences centre university of lethbridgelethbridgealbertacanada

Background:A multitude of mouse models are utilized to emulate and study intestinal inflammation.T-cell receptor alpha chain(TCRα)-deficient mice are used as a model of spontaneous colitis that has similarities with human ulcerative ***,colitis is triggered late in the life of the mouse(age:4-5 months),and inflammation does not develop at the same time in different mice.A previously conducted study reported that the administration of the drug piroxicam triggered predictable and early colitis in TCRα-deficient mice at the age of 6-8 ***,a detailed characterization of ensuing inflammation was not ***:We conducted an in-depth examination of piroxicam-triggered colitis in TCRα-deficient mice,with emphasis on spatial histopathologic changes and analysis of expression of inflammatory ***,we tested amelioration of colitis with ***:We confirmed that piroxicam induced a time-prescribed colitis and did so in the proximal colon as well as the cecum of TCRα-deficient *** adminis-tration was observed to induce epithelial hyperplasia,goblet cell loss,and leukocyte infiltration with occasional ulceration.A Swiss roll technique was used to examine the colon and cecum in its ***,we observed that inflammation was mul-tifocal segmental,with areas of tissue damage in between healthy *** addition,we observed variability in the severity of inflammation among replicate animals and treatments,and that the administration of dexamethasone only partially ameliorated inflammation in the proximal ***:Piroxicam consistently induced multifocal segmental colitis in the proxi-mal colon and cecum,although the degree of inflammation was reduced in the ***,spatial variability in inflammation in the large intestine and the inter-replicate variation in the severity of inflammation must be taken into consideration when utilizing this murine model of synchronized colitis.

关键词： colon dexamethasone histology induction inflammation knockout

Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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银河系搭车客指南

英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第10期 16-19页

作者： douglas Adams

《银河系搭车客指南》是一部由英国著名科幻小说家道格拉斯·亚当斯创作的科幻小说。地球要被毁灭了,因为它所在的地方将修建一条超空间快速通道。主人公亚瑟·邓特和朋友福特活了下来,而福特其实是个外星人,是名著《银河系搭车客指南...

《银河系搭车客指南》是一部由英国著名科幻小说家道格拉斯·亚当斯创作的科幻小说。地球要被毁灭了,因为它所在的地方将修建一条超空间快速通道。主人公亚瑟·邓特和朋友福特活了下来,而福特其实是个外星人,是名著《银河系搭车客指南》派赴地球的研究员。两人开始了一场穿越银河的冒险,能够帮助他们的只有《银河系搭车客指南》一书中所包含的无限智慧。本文为节选。

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Effects of Papyrus Plants (Cyperus papyrus) on the Physicochemical Parameters and Nutrient Levels of Water and Sediments in Yala Swamp Wetland in Western Kenya

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第1期15卷 1-23页

作者： Violet Achieng Orodo Paul Otieno Abuom Emmanuel Amukohe Shikanga Elly Tetty Osewe douglas Nyambane Anyona Fredrick Mhina Mngube Stephen Adongo Odongo Department of Environmental Studies Maseno University Kisumu Kenya Department of Chemistry Maseno University Kisumu Kenya Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Murang’a University of Technology Murang’a Kenya Wetlands International Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Physical Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya

Yala swamp wetland is the largest fresh water wetland ecosystem in Kenya supporting a broad biodiversity. It comprises of River Yala, the Yala swamp, Lakes Kanyaboli, Namboyo and Sare, and a portion of Lake Victoria neighboring the swamp. Approximately 2300 ha of land have been reclaimed and has been used for large-scale agriculture resulting in mass destruction of papyrus to create room for framing. Papyrus are known to be important in phytoremediation but despite this role information is limited, lacks supportive evidence and the empirical aspect on the levels of these pollutants in relation to the papyrus biomass is limited. The study is aimed at determining the effects of Cyperus papyrus on the water and sediment quality in Yala Swamp wetland. Six sampling sites were purposefully selected to monitor the variations of the physicochemical parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen: DO, pH, biological oxygen demand: BOD, total suspended solids: TSS, turbidity, electrical conductivity: EC and total dissolved solids: TSS) and the levels selected nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates) in water and sediments as River Yala flows through Dominion Farms, Lake Sare which surrounded by Cyperus papyrus and finally into Lake Victoria. The samples were collected in triplicates during the wet and dry seasons (May and September 2015 respectively). The physicochemical parameters were measured in situ using a Hydrolab muiltimeter while the nutrients were analyzed using UV/Vis spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was done using SAS V9.0 software. The mean temperature was 26.19˚C ± 0.71˚C, DO: 3.72 ± 1.02 Mg/l, BOD: 3.9 ± 0.32 Mg/l, pH: 7.52 ± 0.17, TDS: 109 ± 86.33, EC: 173.26 ± 13.8 μS/cm, TSS: 12.42 ± 18.51 Mg/l and Turbidity: 12.29 ± 10.03 NTU. The values varied significantly at P 0.05 among all the sites. The results show that papyrus is useful in maintaining the required levels of physicochemical parameters. The study will assist in conservation of the papyrus to help phytoremediate

关键词： Adsorbing Contaminants Phytoremediation Conservation Cyperus papyrus

Association between acute peripancreatic fluid collections and early readmission in acute pancreatitis:A propensity-matched analysis

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 75-88页

作者： Hassam Ali Faisal Inayat Waqas Rasheed Arslan Afzal Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Pratik Patel Attiq Ur Rehman Muhammad Sajeel Anwar Gul Nawaz Muhammad Sohaib Afzal Amir H Sohail Subanandhini Subramanium Dushyant Singh Dahiya Deepa Budh Babu P Mohan douglas G Adler Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTX 79430United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Dominic’s HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Gastroenterology Mather Hospital and Hofstra University Zucker School of MedicinePort JeffersonNY 11777United States Department of Hepatology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnson CityNY 13790United States Department of Internal Medicine Louisiana State University HealthShreveportLA 71103United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Barnabas Hospital and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10457United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States Center for Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy Porter Adventist HospitalCentura HealthDenverCO 80210United States

BACKGROUND Patients with acute pancreatitis(AP)frequently experience hospital readmissions,posing a significant burden to healthcare *** peripancreatic fluid collection(APFC)may negatively impact the clinical course of *** could worsen symptoms and potentially lead to additional ***,clinical evidence regarding the specific association between APFC and early readmission in AP remains *** the link between APFC and readmission may help improve clinical care for AP patients and reduce healthcare *** To evaluate the association between APFC and 30-day readmission in patients with *** This retrospective cohort study is based on the Nationwide Readmission Database for *** with a primary diagnosis of AP were *** were categorized into those with and without APFC.A 1:1 propensity score matching for age,gender,and Elixhauser comorbidities was *** primary outcome was early readmission *** outcomes included the incidence of inpatient complications and healthcare *** analyses used Mann-Whitney U andχ2 tests,while Cox regression models assessed 30-day readmission risks and reported them as adjusted hazard ratios(aHR).Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests verified readmission *** A total of 673059 patients with the principal diagnosis of AP were *** these,5.1%had APFC on initial *** propensity score matching,each cohort consisted of 33914 *** with APFC showed a higher incidence of inpatient complications,including septic shock(3.1%vs 1.3%,P<0.001),portal venous thrombosis(4.4%vs 0.8%,P<0.001),and mechanical ventilation(1.8%vs 0.9%,P<0.001).The length of stay(LOS)was longer for APFC patients[4(3-7)vs 3(2-5)days,P<0.001],as were hospital charges($29451 vs$24418,P<0.001).For 30-day readmissions,APFC patients had a higher rate(15.7%vs 6.5%,P<0.001)and a longer median readmission LOS(4 vs 3 days,P<0.001).The APF

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Acute peripancreatic fluid collections Readmission predictors Inpatient complications Healthcare utilization and costs

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预防舞弊金字塔

新理财（公司理财） 2024年第6期 77-80页

作者： douglas M.Boyle Dana R.Hermanson 不详

财会人员可基于一种新模型来培养防范舞弊的能力。美国注册舞弊审查师协会(ACFE)两年一次的调查显示,舞弊仍是一个重大的社会问题,全球每年因舞导致的损失高达数万亿美元。不幸的是,财会人员往往会屈服于压力或不当激励措施而实施舞弊,... 详细信息

财会人员可基于一种新模型来培养防范舞弊的能力。美国注册舞弊审查师协会(ACFE)两年一次的调查显示,舞弊仍是一个重大的社会问题,全球每年因舞导致的损失高达数万亿美元。不幸的是,财会人员往往会屈服于压力或不当激励措施而实施舞弊,这使得他们成为ACFE调查中职业舞弊案的主要实施者之一。

关键词：财会人员舞弊案防范舞弊金字塔主要实施者不当激励预防舞弊 ACF