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Gastroenterologist perceptions of faecal microbiota transplantation

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10907-10914页

作者： Sudarshan Paramsothy Alissa J Walsh Thomas Borody douglas Samuel Johan van den Bogaerde Rupert WL Leong Susan Connor Watson Ng Hazel M Mitchell Nadeem O Kaakoush Michael A Kamm Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department St Vincent’s Hospital Centre for Digestive Diseases Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Nambour General Hospital Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Liverpool Hospital University of New South Wales School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences Departments of Gastroenterology and Medicine St Vincent's Hospital and University of Melbourne

AIM: To explore gastroenterologist perceptions towards and experience with faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).METHODS: A questionnaire survey consisting of 17 questions was created to assess gastroenterologists' attitude towards and experience with FMT. This was anonymously distributed in hard copy format amongst attendees at gastroenterology meetings in Australia between October 2013 and April 2014. Basic descriptive statistical analyses were ***: Fifty-two clinicians participated. Twenty one percent had previously referred patients for FMT,8% more than once. Ninety percent would refer patients with Clostridium difficile infection(CDI) for FMT if easily available,37% for ulcerative colitis,13% for Crohn's disease and 6% for irritable bowel syndrome. Six percent would not refer any indication,including recurrent CDI. Eighty-six percent would enroll patients in FMT clinical trials. Thirty-seven percent considered the optimal mode of FMT administration transcolonoscopic,17% nasoduodenal,13% enema and 8% oral capsule. The greatest concerns regarding FMT were: 42% lack of evidence,12% infection risk,10% non infectious adverse effects/lack of safety data,10% aesthetic,10% lack of efficacy,4% disease exacerbation,and 2% inappropriate use; 6% had no concerns. Seventy seven percent believed there is a lack of accessibility while 52% had an interest in learning how to provide FMT. Only 6% offered FMT at their ***: Despite general enthusiasm,most gastroenterologists have limited experience with,or access to,FMT. The greatest concerns were lack of supportive evidence and safety issues. However a significant proportion would refer indications other than CDI for FMT despite insufficient evidence. These data provide guidance on where education and training are required.

关键词： Perceptions Gastroenterologist Clostridium diffici

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“中美合作”视角下的台湾农村复兴——以“中国农村复兴联合委员会”(1948—1979)为案例的研究

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安徽史学 2019年第1期 81-90页

作者：张瑞胜 R.道格拉斯.赫特普渡大学历史系

二战以后,作为资本主义阵营唯一的超级大国美国主导了一系列的国际援助活动,以扩大、渗透美国的影响力和领导力。在这样的背景下,"中美合作"的中国农村复兴联合委员会(农复会)于1948年10月1日在南京正式成立。1949年,农复会随"国民政府... 详细信息

二战以后,作为资本主义阵营唯一的超级大国美国主导了一系列的国际援助活动,以扩大、渗透美国的影响力和领导力。在这样的背景下,"中美合作"的中国农村复兴联合委员会(农复会)于1948年10月1日在南京正式成立。1949年,农复会随"国民政府"迁台,主导了台湾地区的农业经济发展和农村复兴工作,取得了显著成效。1979年农复会改组为"行政院农业发展委员会",成为台湾地区农业的最高主管部门。本文着重从大中华的整体建构和历史连续的宏观视角来解读农复会的大陆背景、台湾工作,以及经验与教训,以尝试挑战当前农复会研究的美台中心趋向。这段农业历史的回顾梳理对于当前台湾史和中国史背向分裂、近现代史与当代史断代切割的窘迫现状是有力的回应。

关键词：农复会中国台湾农村复兴美国

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基于论证型式应用的论证挖掘(英文)

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逻辑学研究 2011年第1期4卷 38-64页

作者：道格拉斯·沃顿温莎大学推理论证与修辞研究中心

本文旨在为构建一种以论证型式为基础的方法,用以帮助非形式逻辑的学生分析自然语言对话的文本,并识别出其中所出现的常见论证类型。他们在这一过程中时常会错误地辨识论证类型,而本文将表明所发展的这种方法对于学习非形式逻辑的学生... 详细信息

本文旨在为构建一种以论证型式为基础的方法,用以帮助非形式逻辑的学生分析自然语言对话的文本,并识别出其中所出现的常见论证类型。他们在这一过程中时常会错误地辨识论证类型,而本文将表明所发展的这种方法对于学习非形式逻辑的学生们是非常有帮助的。另外,对于那些可用于构建一种有用的论证识别方法的理论资源,本文对其最新发展动态进行了考察,并且也概览了当前人工智能领域中所发展的自动论证挖掘工具。

关键词：论证型式挖掘非形式逻辑应用学生分析自然语言人工智能识别

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壮志未酬:美国洛克菲勒基金会在中国农村(1934-1944)

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中国农史 2017年第3期36卷 82-91页

作者：张瑞胜 R.道格拉斯.赫特普渡大学历史系美国印第安纳州西拉法叶47906

自洛克菲勒基金会从1913年建立开始,洛克菲勒家族就对中国的慈善事业怀有一套明确的目标并投入了极大的热情。为了解决当时日益凸显的中国农村问题并尝试提高农村人口的生活质量,洛克菲勒基金会理事委员会在1934年批准了第一个中国农村... 详细信息

自洛克菲勒基金会从1913年建立开始,洛克菲勒家族就对中国的慈善事业怀有一套明确的目标并投入了极大的热情。为了解决当时日益凸显的中国农村问题并尝试提高农村人口的生活质量,洛克菲勒基金会理事委员会在1934年批准了第一个中国农村综合建设项目。本文通过分析洛克菲勒基金会在中国农村的目标、过程以及影响,为我们研究西方民间组织在重塑非西方社会时的努力和面临的重重困难提供了具体案例。洛克菲勒基金会为发展现代化中国农村做出了巨大的努力,然而连年战乱、政局不稳定以及资金短缺皆阻碍了其雄心壮志的实现。1944年,他们结束了在中国大陆的农村项目并于1949年从中国大陆撤离,而他们对近代中国农村社会的影响至今在国际学术界仍广受关注。

关键词：洛克菲勒基金会中国农村

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精神医学中的生物统计学(18) 关于结构方程模型中介分析的介绍(英文)

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上海精神医学 2013年第6期25卷 390-394页

作者： douglas GUNZLER Tian CHEN Pan WU Hui ZHANG Center for Health Care Research & Policy Case Western Reserve University at Metro Health Medical Center

*** is mediation analysis?In mediation,we consider an intermediate variable,called the mediator,that helps explain how or why an independent variable influences an *** the context of a treatment study,it is often of great interest to identify and study the mechanisms by which an intervention achieves its *** investigating mediational processes that clarify how the treatment achieves the study outcome,not only can we further our understanding of the pathology of the disease

关键词：结构方程模型调解研究成果中间变量中介效应社会规范治疗参与者

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纵向数据的现代分析方法及其功能、说明和注意事项（英文）

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上海精神医学 2016年第5期28卷 293-300页

作者： GE L TU JX ZHANG H WANG H HE H GUNZLER D Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology University of RochesterRochesterNYUSA. SUNY Upstate Medical University SyracuseNYUSA. Department of Biostatistics St.Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA. Department of Epidemiology Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA Case Western Reserve University at Metro Health Medical Center ClevelandOHUSA.

纵向研究可用于精神卫生及其服务领域的科研中。纵向数据分析的主要方法是广义线性混合效应模型(GLMM)和加权广义估计方程(WGEE)。虽然这两个模型已被广泛应用,也有大量文献发表,但是人们并没有清晰地描述这些方法间的差别以及方法本身... 详细信息

纵向研究可用于精神卫生及其服务领域的科研中。纵向数据分析的主要方法是广义线性混合效应模型(GLMM)和加权广义估计方程(WGEE)。虽然这两个模型已被广泛应用,也有大量文献发表,但是人们并没有清晰地描述这些方法间的差别以及方法本身的局限性,缺少相关的文献记录。遗憾的是,有些差别和局限性会明显影响对研究结果的报告、比较和解释。本文回顾了纵向数据分析的两种主要方法,强调两者的相似之处和主要差别。我们使用真实数据和模拟数据着重比较这两类模型的假设、对参数的解释、适用性和局限性,并讨论了将这两种不同的方法用于真实数据研究时的注意事项,提出了相关的警示。

关键词：二分类变量相关结果广义线性混合效应模型加权广义估计方程潜变量模型 R SAS

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Lessons learned:Symbiotic autonomous robot ecosystem for nuclear environments

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2023年第4期5卷 63-86页

作者： Daniel Mitchell Paul Dominick Emor Baniqued Abdul Zahid Andrew West Bahman Nouri Rahmat Abadi Barry Lennox Bin Liu Burak Kizilkaya David Flynn David John Francis Erwin Jose Lopez Pulgarin Guodong Zhao Hasan Kivrak Jamie Rowland douglas Blanche Jennifer David Jingyan Wang Joseph Bolarinwa Kanzhong Yao Keir Groves Liyuan Qi Mahmoud A.Shawky Manuel Giuliani Melissa Sandison Olaoluwa Popoola Ognjen Marjanovic Paul Bremner Samuel Thomas Harper Shivoh Nandakumar Simon Watson Subham Agrawal Theodore Lim Thomas Johnson Wasim Ahmad Xiangmin Xu Zhen Meng Zhengyi Jiang James Watt School of Engineering Autonomous Systems and Connectivity DivisionUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of EnglandBristolUK Heriot-Watt University EdinburghUK

Nuclear facilities have a regulatory requirement to measure radiation levels within Post Operational Clean Out(POCO)around nuclear facilities each year,resulting in a trend towards robotic deployments to gain an improved understanding during nuclear decommissioning *** UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority supports the view that human-in-the-loop(HITL)robotic deployments are a solution to improve procedures and reduce risks within radiation characterisation of nuclear *** authors present a novel implementation of a Cyber-Physical System(CPS)deployed in an analogue nuclear environment,comprised of a multi-robot(MR)team coordinated by a HITL operator through a digital twin *** development of the CPS created efficient partnerships across systems including robots,digital systems and *** was presented as a multi-staged mission within an inspection scenario for the hetero-geneous Symbiotic Multi-Robot Fleet(SMuRF).Symbiotic interactions were achieved across the SMuRF where robots utilised automated collaborative governance to work together,where a single robot would face challenges in full characterisation of *** contributions include the demonstration of symbiotic autonomy and query-based learning of an autonomous mission supporting scalable autonomy and autonomy as a *** coordination of the CPS was a success and displayed further challenges and improvements related to future MR fleets.

关键词： cyber-systems field robotics hazardous inspection human robot interaction industrial robotics mobile robots multi-agent systems multi-robot systems robotics service robots

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Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Sustainable Agriculture

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Circular Agricultural Systems 2021年第1期1卷 39-45页

作者： douglas A.Schaefer Heng Gui Peter E.Mortimer Jianchu Xu Centre for Mountain Futures(CMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)provide benefits to most crop species via enhanced nutrient uptake,increased drought and abiotic stress resistance,and reduced effects of pathogens and *** remains unclear regarding the specific mechanisms influencing these processes,and the critical roles of AMF are often overlooked in planning agroecological *** is growing consensus,however,around the important roles AMF play in improving plant resilience and crop yield while also enhancing the functioning of soil microbial *** practices across all scales complicate the successful integration of AMF in agroecological *** symbioses with crops are passive,or stimulated by incorporation of crop wastes in soil,soil inoculation with AMF spores,or the planting inoculated of *** we suggest that AMF can have highest beneficial impacts in areas with low levels of agrochemical *** argue that areas with intensive agrochemical inputs can also be made more sustainable with AMF enhancements.

关键词： soil crops planting

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Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza A and B in Macao,2010–2018

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1144-1153页

作者： HoiMan Ng Teng Zhang Guoliang Wang SiMeng Kan Guoyi Ma Zhe Li Chang Chen Dandan Wang MengIn Wong ChioHang Wong Jinliang Ni Xiaohua douglas Zhang Clinical Laboratory Kiang Wu HospitalMacao 999078Macao Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacao 999078Macao

Influenza is one of the major respiratory diseases in *** is a tourist city with high density of population and special population *** study on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Macao should bring great value for preventing influenza in tourist cities like Macao in the *** this study,we collected a total of 104,874 samples with influenza-like illness(ILI)in Macao from 2010 to ***-square test and binary multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A and B in *** these ILI samples,the overall positive rate is 17.17%for influenza A and 6.97%for influenza *** epidemics of influenza in three years(i.e.,2012,2017 and 2018)differ from the remaining years(i.e.,normal years).In a normal year,influenza A occurs year-round whereas influenza B is *** research shows significant differences in influenza infections between different age groups in normal ***,our analysis shows no significant difference between locals and tourists in influenza A and B infection in a normal year,whereas the odds of influenza A in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in July 2017 and the odds of influenza B in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in January–February 2012 and January–February *** is possibly attributed by the policy of free vaccination to everyone in *** findings should be valuable for preventing influenza in not only Macao but also the world.

关键词： Influenza Epidemiology Chi-square test Logistic regression Macao

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Deciphering microplastic ecotoxicology:impacts on crops and soil ecosystem functions

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Circular Agricultural Systems 2021年第1期1卷 55-61页

作者： Shahid Iqbal Jianchu Xu Sehroon Khan Muhammad Saleem Arif Tahira Yasmeen Sadia Nadir douglas Allen Schaefer Honghe Centre for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceHonghe 654400YunnanChina CIFOR-ICRAF China Country Program World Agroforestry CentreKunming 650201China Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Science and TechnologyBannu28100KPKPakistan

Review on microplastic toxicity in agroecosystems is ***,we develop a conceptual model(based on literature to date)that describes various microplastic effects using a *** also classify crops depending on their observed responses,and discuss several conceptual mechanisms of soil *** model shows that microplastic effects on crops can be positive,toxic,lethal and ***,microfibers in a wide range of sizes can positively affect ***,toxic effects of microplastics with/without other pollutants are more common at different ***,biodegradable plastic effects are lethal,calling into question their environmental ***-effect on crops is also possible but less *** other crops(e.g.,wheat,maize and bean),only onion seems resistant to *** uptake of micro/nanoplastic demands a clear benchmark to ensure ***,mixed effects are observed on soil *** in soil enzymes and litter decomposition can affect nutrients and organic matter *** can be induced by increasing *** in microbial community structure and activities are inevitable.

关键词： crops soil sizes

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