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Allelopathic Effect of the Coffee Residue in Emergency and Urochloa brizantha Growth

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 637-644页

作者： Bruno Manoel Rezende de Melo Tácio Peres da Silva douglas goulart castro Flávia Barbosa Silva Botelho Emily Renata Moreira Suelen Simoes Gomes Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais—Campus InconfidentesInconfidentes/MGBrasil Universidade Federal de Lavras UFLALavras/MGBrasil

Weed management is important for the increase of agricultural crops, since they have a negative influence on yield and harvest quality. To optimize the management it is possible to use the coffee infusion residues, which has caffeine contents, a substance that has an allelopathic effect to some plants. Thus, the goal was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of coffee residues in the emergence and growth of Urochloa brizantha under product doses, gathering and application seasons in pre- and post-emergence. The experiment was carried out at UFLA, in a greenhouse with potting, with Urochloa brizantha seeds, cultivar Piata, in DBC with three replicates in the factorial (3 × 4 × 2): time of gathering (A, B, C);concentration of ground (0, 20, 50 and 100 (% W/V)) and pre- and post-emergence application. The height, fresh and dry weight, Emergence Speed Index—ESI and phytotoxicity were evaluated. It was verified the significance for pre-emergence treatments, reducing plant height, increasing phytotoxicity and reducing fresh weight. For the ESI, it was identified that only for gathering season obtained a significant result. In the phytotoxicity evaluations, it obtained interaction for the season of application with residue gathering season. For product doses and applications in pre- and post-emergence interaction was observed for phytotoxicity. It is concluded that the residue has allelopathic effect reducing growth and increasing phytotoxicity up to a maximum dose of 55.83 and 86.76 for pre- and post-emergence applications of Urochloa brizantha.

关键词： Caffeine Organic Waste Phytotoxicity

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Water Scarcity and Violent Conflict in International Relations＇ How Process Tracing Contributes to Demystify this Alleged Causal Relationship The Rio Grande-Colorado Case

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2016年第2期4卷 125-138页

作者： douglas de castro The Sao Paulo School of Law-FGV Sao Paulo Brazil

In the last few decades, water scarcity and its implications to economic, social and political dimensions has become a hot topic, especially for research agendas that try to establish a causal relationship with violent conflicts. However, these agendas fail to deliver their promises in not providing empirical evidences to confirm theory. In this sense, the present paper provides a fresh look to water scarcity implications, presenting a theoretical framework and new causal mechanism based on complex interdependence theory applied to the physical reality in an international basin. As such, the inferred causal mechanism, its parts and causal direction is investigated applying process-tracing technique to the Rio Grande-Colorado River. The paper finds by tracing the causal mechanism evidences to confirm new theory and enough analytical power to test in other cases to increase confidence in theory to fulfill generalization requirement.

关键词： water scarcity violent conflict cooperation process tracing international basins

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de castro JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Tree Crown Variation and Seasonal in the Phenolic Compounds Content of Stryphnodendron adstringens(Mart)Coville Leaves

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第19期5卷 2904-2912页

作者： Alessandra de Oliveira Ribeiro Selma Lopes goulart Fábio Akira Mori Ana Hortencia Fonseca castro Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioLavrasBrazil Pharmacy Department Natural Products LaboratoryFederal University of Sao Joao Del ReiDivinopolisBrazil

The aim of this study was to compare phenolic compounds contents between different positions within the crown and between collection periods, and to evaluate the tannin contents by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The collections were performed in Lavras, in the southern region of the Brazilian state Minas Gerais. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (factorial 3 × 4);the first factor being the position (base, middle, top);and the months, the second factor (February, May, September and December). We verified that the leaves of S. adstringens present higher total phenolic and tannin contents at the top (23.05% and 18.23%) and base (21.42% and 16.61%) of the crown, in May (25.79% and 20.85%) and September (25.57% and 20.50%), respectively. There was no difference in the residual phenol and flavonoid contents between the positions within the crown or in the months of collection. These facts suggest that within the crown and climatic changes may be one of the factors affecting phenol levels in Stryphnodendron adstringens.

关键词： Barbatimao Tannins Leaves Seasonal Variation Cerrado

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Biocidal Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Ecology of Filamentous Fungal Populations Associated with Stone Deterioration

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2017年第5期6卷 252-259页

作者： douglas Boniek Isolda de castro Mendes Antonio Femando Batista dos Santos Maria Aparecida de Resende Stoianoff Department of Microbiology Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil Department of Chemistry Institute of Exact Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Foundation of Education and Culture of Minas Gerais-FUMEC University Belo Horizonte 30310-190 Brazil

This study focused on the identification of the filamentous fungi associated with soapstone samples exposed to outdoor conditions and the biocidal effect of gamma radiations on isolated fungal populations in Minas Gerais State in Brazil. Two soapstone blocks were placed outdoors under tropical environmental conditions for 12 months. A total of 9 filamentous fungal populations were identified on their surfaces, namely Acremomium （cf.） alternatum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillusfumigatus, Calcarisporium （cf.） arbuscula, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium equiseti and Penicillium citrinum. The gamma radiation assay was then carried out as a test of biocidal action by exposing all fungal populations to the ionizing radiation. The results showed that only the C. cladosporioides species was resistant to this biocidal agent, since it was able to increase its population post exposure. Scanning electron microscopy images identified the microbial colonization on the soapstone blocks and the stone elementar composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. After treatment, there was no structural and aesthetic alteration in the soapstone samples, and evidencing that gamma radiation can be used as a biocidal agent. However, the resistance of the black fungal population indicates caution in the choice of gamma irradiation as biocidal treatment.

关键词： Gamma radiation biocidal stone ecology filamentous fungi.

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Comissioning of the lEA-R1 Nuclear Reactor New Heat Exchanger

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第6期7卷 1058-1065页

作者： Alfredo Jose Alvim de castro Pedro Ernesto Umbehaun Marcos Rodrigues de Carvalho Roberto Frajndlich douglas Alves Cassiano Nuclear Engineering Center Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN/SP) Sao Paulo 05508-000 Brazil Engineering Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center ABC Federal University (UFABC) S6o Bernardo do Campo09606-070 Brazil

This work presents results on the commissioning of the new heat exchanger of the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor in the occasion of its operational power upgrade from 2 MW to 5 MW, in comparison to the values calculated in the project of IESA Design and Equipments Company. This reactor is a swimming pool type, light water moderated and with graphite reflectors, used for research purposes and medical radioisotopes production. During monitoring procedures, issues were observed on the reactor operation at 5 MW mainly due to the ageing of the reactor＇s oldest heat exchanger （TC-A） and excessive vibrations at high flow rates on the other installed heat exchanger （TC-B）. So it was decided to provide a new IESA heat exchanger with 5 MW capacity to definitely substitute the TC-A heat exchanger. The results show that the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor can be operated safely and continuously at 5 MW with the new IESA heat exchanger.

关键词： Heat exchangers IEA-RI nuclear reactor research nuclear reactors radioisotope production.

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中国对全球环境秩序的贡献

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国际人才交流 2022年第4期 63-68页

作者： [巴西]douglas de castro 王湘玥(译) 兰州大学法学院

当前,人类活动引发的全球极端自然事件正给我们带来生存威胁。同时,有一种说法认为,中国对于可持续发展的承诺可为解决此问题作出贡献。在其情节虚构但灵感来源于现实的《西方文明的崩溃》一书中,奥莱斯基和康韦清晰地描述了有关气候变... 详细信息

当前,人类活动引发的全球极端自然事件正给我们带来生存威胁。同时,有一种说法认为,中国对于可持续发展的承诺可为解决此问题作出贡献。在其情节虚构但灵感来源于现实的《西方文明的崩溃》一书中,奥莱斯基和康韦清晰地描述了有关气候变化的种种事项的性质。

关键词：环境秩序气候变化西方文明生存威胁全球

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Expression of genes of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(LC-PUFA) biosynthesis during early embryogenesis in cobia Rachycentron canadum

Expression of genes of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid...

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The 14th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition & Feeding

作者： Oscar Monroig Ken Webb Leonardo Ibarra-castro G.Joan Holt douglas R.Tocher Institute of Aquaculture University of Stirling Marine Science Institute University of Texas at Austin

Developing organisms including fish have high requirements for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LC-PUFA) to fulfil the demands of critical tissues such as brain and retina,where these compounds accumulate in membrane *** recently investigated the activation of the LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathway in zebrafish embryos by analysing the expression of genes involved in the *** study revealed that zebrafish embryos express all the enzymatic activities required in the synthesis of LC-PUFA such as docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and thus can supplement supply of preformed LC-PUFA from the yolk *** freshwater species, marine fish have been generally considered unable to biosynthesise LC-PUFA from C18 PUFA ***,little information is available on the biosynthetic capacity of early life stages of marine *** present study investigated the expression of genes encoding enzymes of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway in the marine teleost cobia(Rachycentron canadum).First,an elongase with sequence similarity to mammalian very long-chain fatty acids 4(Elovl4) was isolated,and functional characterisation revealed it catalysed conversion of 22:5n-3 to 24:5n-3, which can be further desaturated and chain shortened to DHA,confirming its potential role in DHA *** activity of Elovl4 on 22:5n-3 produced pentaenes up to C36,suggesting a role in the synthesis of very long-chain PUFA(VLC-PUFA),which are fatty acids relatively abundant in specific tissues such as retina,testicles and ***,the temporal expression patterns of elovl4,together with the formerly characterised elongase elovl5 and fatty acyl desaturase△6fad,were analysed by RT-PCR in cobia embryos collected throughout early ontogeny up to 72 hours post-fertilisation(hpf).Interestingly,elovl4 exhibited increasing expression levels from 9 to 60 hpf,thus suggesting the biosynthesis of VLC-PUFA is activated early on in developing retina and brain as occurs with zebrafish

关键词： Cobia early embryogenesis Elovl4-like elongase Elovl5-like elongase fatty acid fatty acyl desaturase LC-PUFA biosynthesis

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Multicentric Cervical Paraganglioma. Rare Case of Five Locations in One Patient. Case Report and Literature Review

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第2期3卷 82-88页

作者： José Francisco de Sales Chagas Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal José Luis Braga de Aquino Luis Antonio Brandi Filho Fernanda Fruet douglas Alexandre Rizzanti Pereira Amilcar de castro Matos Thalita Ruba Fernanda Callegari Department of Pathology School of Medicine Catholic Uni-versity of Campinas Campinas Brazil Head and Neck Service School of Medicine Catholic University of Campinas Campinas Brazil School of Medicine Catholic University of Campinas Cam-pinas Brazil

Objective: To report a case of a multiple paraganglioma with 5 concurrent locations and also describe a complication not found in the literature, spontaneous tumor bleeding. Introduction: The paragangliomas are mostly benign and more frequent in women. Can be multiple, and these are considered as the most likely source of familial origin (30%-35%). The multicentric lesions can occur at different life stages not being necessarily simultaneous, a fact that prevents image exam research to be conclusive for tumor presence or absence. In this way the examination of the family members of patients, specially young ones, diagnosed with multicentric tumors may lead to negative results which doesn’t meant that the disease can be developed at a later time period. Therefore routine examination is not justifiable when symptoms relative to tumor presence are not present. Case report: A female patient of 32 years old complaining of tinnitus and diagnosed with five paragangliomas (jugulo-timpanic, bilateral carotid body and bilateral brachiocephalic trunk) through imaging studies. She reported suffering relatives of paragangliomas. Conclusion: The paper reports a rare case and perhaps unique in the literature, multiple paraganglioma with five locations and discusses difficult choice of treatment and complications.

关键词： Glomus Tumor Paraganglioma Glomus Jugulare Carotid Body Tumor Postoperative Complications

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Musical and Photographic Stimulations on the Symptomatology of Alzheimer’s Disease in Elderly

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2020年第4期10卷 155-165页

作者： Jamylly Ferreira Targino Silva Mayara Leite Alves da Silva Maykon Wanderley Leite Alves-da-Silva douglas Nijenhuis de castro Euclides Maurício Trindade Filho Janise Dal Pai Lysien Ivania Zambrano Valtuir Barbosa Felix Elionai Dias Soares Camila Conceição Luz Soares Albérico José de Moura Saldanha Filho Magnúcia de Lima Leite Emanuel Guilherme de Almeida Carvalho Matheus Santos Freitas José Claudio da Silva State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL) Maceió Brazil CESMAC University Center Maceió Brazil Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) S&#227o Paulo Brazil Facultad de Ciencias Medicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras Tegucigalpa Honduras Division of Therapeutic Support and Diagnosis of HUPAA/UFAL/EBSERH Maceió Brazil Tiradentes University Center (UNIT-AL) Maceió Brazil Faculdade Tiradentes (FITS) Recife Brazil

Background: Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive and neurodegenerative disorder characterized by deterioration of brain functions. Psychosocial interventions such as music and photographic stimuli may contribute to cognitive and sensory exercise or rehabilitation. Objective: Evaluate musical and photographic stimuli in elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: It is an uncontrolled clinical trial, before-after type, eleven subjects composing the sample. Participants were submitted to Katz Index, Autobiographical Memory Test, GDS-15, Mini-Mental State Examination. The collection instruments were used on the first and last day of intervention, individually. There were 2 sessions in the week with duration of 50 minutes totaling 20 sessions. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics and as variables expressed as mean standard deviation. Results: There was a significant effect of cognitive activity (P , it was observed that a small advance (P = 0.05) of the daily life activities. With the analysis of GDS-15, it is verified that they are more effective for the increase of the previous self-estimation of the therapy (P = 0.94). In the application of the AMT, it is observed that there was a better recruitment of the memory for the neutral words. Conclusion: Musical and photographic stimuli had a positive effect on the cognitive level, daily life activities and autobiographical memory in seniors with Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Health of the Elderly Depression Memory

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