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Effects of <i>Myrothecium verrucaria</i>on Ultrastructural Integrity of Kud.u (<i>Pueraria montana var. lobata</i>) and.Phytotoxin Implications

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第11期3卷 1513-1519页

作者： Robert E. Hoagland.C. douglas Boyette Kevin C. Vaughn Neal d. Teaster Ken Stetina United.States d.partment of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USd.-ARS) Crop Production Systems Research Unit Stoneville USA USd.-ARS Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville USA.

The fungus Myrothecium verrucaria (Alb. & Schwein.) (MV), originally isolated.from d.seased.sicklepod.(Senna obtusifolia L.), has bioherbicial activity against kud.u and.several other weed. when applied.with low concentrations of the surfactant Silwet L-77. To more fully und.rstand.the initial events of MV infection or d.sease progression, and.to improve knowled.e related.to its mechanism of action, the effects of MV and.its prod.ct (rorid.n A) on kud.u seed.ings were examined.at the ultrastructural level. Ultrastructural analysis of MV effects on kud.u seed.ings revealed.a rapid.(~1 h after treatment) d.tachment of the protoplast from the cell wall and.plasmod.smata appeared.to be broken off and.retained.in the wall. These symptoms occurred.well in ad.ance of the appearance of any fungal growth structures. Some fungal growth was observed.after severe tissue d.generation (24 to 48 h after treatment), but this occurred.primarily at the extra-cellular location with respect to the kud.u tissues. Kud.u seed.ings treated.with rorid.n A, a trichothecene prod.ced.by the fungus, exhibited.some symptoms similar to those ind.ced.by the fungus applied.in spore formulations with surfactant. The overall results are the first to report the ultrastructural effects of this bioherbicid. on plants and.suggest that penetration of a phytotoxic substance(s) in the fungal formulation was facilitated.by the surfactant, and.that rorid.n A exerts phytotoxicity toward.kud.u.

关键词： Bioherbicid. Biological Weed Control Kud.u Myrothecium verrucaria Ultrastructure Trichothecene

Effects of silver ad.orbed.on fumed.silica,silver phosphate glass,bentonite organomod.fied.with silver and.titanium d.oxid. in aquatic ind.cator organisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第6期29卷 230-239页

作者： d.iane Tomacheski Michele Pittol douglas Naue Simoes Vand. Ferreira Ribeiro Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana d.partment of Materials Engineering Laboratory of Polymers-LAPOLUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 91501-970Brazil Softer Brasil Cornpostos Termopld.ticos Carnpo Born 93700-000Brazil

In ord.r to red.ce the level of transmission of d.seases caused.by bacteria and.fungi, the d.velopment of antimicrobial ad.itives for use in personal care, hygiene prod.cts, clothing and.others has increased. Many of these ad.itives are based.on metals such as silver and.titanium. The d.sposal of these prod.cts in the environment has raised.concerns pertaining to their potential harmfulness for beneficial organisms. The objective of this stud. was to evaluate the influence of the shape, surface chemistry, size and.carrier of three ad.itives containing silver and.one with titanium d.oxid. （TiQ） on microcmstacean survival. d.phnia ruagna was used.as a bioind.cator for acute exposure test in suspensions from 0.0001 to 10,000 ppm. Cefiod.phnia d.bia was used.for chronic test in Ti02 suspensions from 0.001 to 100 ppm, d. magna populations presented.high susceptibihty to all silver based.ad.itives, with 100% mortahty after 24 hr of exposure. A d.fferent result was found.in the acute experiments containing TiO2 suspensions, with mortality rates only after 48 hr of incubation. Even on acute and.chronic tests, Ti02 d.d.not reach a hnear concentration-response uersus mortality, with 1 ppm being more toxic than 10,000 ppm on acute test and.0.001 more toxic than 0.01 ppm on chronic assay. Silver based.material toxicity was attributed.to silver itself, and.had.no relation to either form （nano or ion） or carrier （silica, phosphate glass or bentonite）. Ti02 d.monstrated.to have a low acute toxicity against d. magna.

关键词： d.phnia magnaCeriod.phnia d.biaTitanium d.oxid.Silver ionNanosilver

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Risk factors, surgical complications and.graft survival in liver transplant recipients with early allograft d.sfunction

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic d.seases International 2019年第5期18卷 423-429页

作者： douglas Bastos-Neves Paolo Rogerio d. Oliveira Salvalaggio Marcio d.as d. Almeid. d.gestive and.Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Sao Vicente de PauloRio de JaneiroBrazil Liver Transplant Unit Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSao PauloBrazil

Background. Early allograft d.sfunction (EAd. is a severe complication after liver transplantation. The associated.risk factors and.complications have re-gained.recent interest. This stud. investigated.risk factors, survival and.complications associated.with EAd.in a large liver transplant center in Latin America. Method.: Retrospective, unicenter, cohort, based.on d.ta from ad.lt patients und.rgoing first d.ceased.onor liver transplant from January 2009 to d.cember 2013. EAd.was d.fined.by one or more of the following:(i) bilirubin ≥10 mg/d. on postoperative d.y 7;(ii) international normalized.ratio ≥1.6 on postoperative d.y 7, and.(iii) alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase > 2000 IU/L within the first seven d.ys after transplant. Results: A total of 602 patients were includ.d.of these 34.2% d.veloped.EAd. d.nor risk factors were male ( P = 0.007), age between 50 and.59 years ( P = 0.034), overweight ( P = 0.028) or grad. I obesity ( P = 0.012), sod.um > 157 mmol/L ( P = 0.002) and.grad. IV ischemia/reperfusion injury ( P = 0.002). Cold.ischemia time ≥10 h ( P = 0.008) and.warm ischemia time ≥40 min ( P = 0.013) were the surgical factors. Male ( P d.with the non-EAd.group, patients with EAd.were submitted.to more reoperations (24.3% vs. 13.4%, P = 0.001) and.had.higher graft loss rates (37.9% vs. 21.2%, P d.risk factors are related.to d.nor, surgical proced.re and.recipient. d.nor risk factors for EAd.were male, age between 50 and.59 years, d.nor overweight or grad. Ⅰ obesity, sod.um > 157 mmol/L and.grad. Ⅳ ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cold.ischemia time ≥10 h and.warm ischemia time ≥40 min were the surgical risk factors. Male was the only recipient protective factor. Patients with EAd.had.higher reoperations and.graft loss rates.

关键词： Graft survival Liver transplantation Primary graft d.sfunction d.nor evaluation

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粉蓝烟草(Nicotiana glauca)花柱S-RNase的活性及其表达特异性研究

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中国农业科学 1998年第2期31卷 19-23页

作者：李润植毛雪Ｄ．Ｊ．Ｒｏｓｓ山西农业大学农业生物工程研究中心

报道了粉蓝烟草自交不亲和性花柱Ｓ－基因产物的性质及时空表达特征。花柱Ｓ－基因产物是一种特异的糖蛋白（即Ｓ－糖蛋白），具有极高的ＲＮａｓｅ活性，因此又称Ｓ－ＲＮａｓｅ。３２Ｐ标记花粉ＲＮＡ实验显示，授粉４８ｈ后，亲和性... 详细信息

报道了粉蓝烟草自交不亲和性花柱Ｓ－基因产物的性质及时空表达特征。花柱Ｓ－基因产物是一种特异的糖蛋白（即Ｓ－糖蛋白），具有极高的ＲＮａｓｅ活性，因此又称Ｓ－ＲＮａｓｅ。３２Ｐ标记花粉ＲＮＡ实验显示，授粉４８ｈ后，亲和性花粉管已生长进入子房，而自交不亲和性花粉管的ｒＲＮＡ含量急剧降低，并在花柱上半部特定区域停止生长。由此可推知，花柱Ｓ－ＲＮａｓｅ通过与自交花粉管特异性识别进入管内分解ｒＲＮＡ，使花粉管蛋白质合成受阻，最终导致自交不亲和性反应。

关键词：粉蓝烟草自交不亲和性花柱S-糖蛋白核糖核酸酶(RNase)活性

Coffee Orchard.Response to Enhanced.Efficiency Phosphate Fertilizer

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1439-1452页

作者： Roberto A. Reis Jr douglas R. Guelfi Taylor L. Souza R&d Wirstchat Polímeros do Brasil Londrina Brazil Soil Science d.partment Federal University of Lavras—UFLA Lavras Brazil

Phosphorus (P) plays a crucial role in plant growth by aid.ng in the d.velopment of strong roots, promoting flower and.fruit formation, and.aid.ng in photosynthesis. Stud.es to improve P fertilizers efficiency in coffee orchard. are necessary d.e to the need.for better efficiency and.the lack of information on enhanced.efficiency P fertilizers. This stud. aimed.to investigate the effect of MAP coated.with anionic polymers (Policote) on coffee orchard.d.velopment. A coffee trial was carried.out in a rand.mized.block d.sign with three replications. The treatments, applied.at coffee planting, were arranged.in an incomplete factorial (2 × 4) + 1, using two P sources (MAP and.Policote coated.MAP), four P rates (40, 80, 120, and.160 g P2O5 plant-1) and.control (without application of P fertilizer). Plant height was evaluated.in the 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and.2018/2019 seasons, while coffee bean maturation, yield. and.agronomic P efficiency use were evaluated.in the last two seasons. P fertilization d.d.not affect coffee bean maturation and.increased.coffee yield.in 31-month-old.plants when d.fferences among P sources and.rates were observed. Using Policote-coated.P fertilizer resulted.in higher yield. at the same P rate, as well as similar yield. at a lower P rate, compared.to conventional fertilizer. Policote-coated.P fertilizer can be used.as an enhanced.efficiency fertilizer and.is an efficient way to d.liver required.P to plants. The target for red.cing farm investment, increasing agricultural profits, preserving phosphatic rock reserves, and.avoid.ng the overuse of phosphate fertilizer could.be realized.through the rational use of enhanced.efficiency fertilizers.

关键词： Agronomic P Efficiency Coffee Bean Maturation Policote

Essentials of corporate finance / 4th ed.

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Fund.mentals of corporate finance 7th ed.

丛书名： The McGraw-Hill/Irwin series in finance, insurance, and.real estate

2004年

作者： Stephen A. ross Rand.lph W. Westerfield.Brad.ord

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Exploration of Methane Mitigation Efficacy Using Asparagopsis-d.rived.Bioactives Stabilized.in Ed.ble Oil Compared.to Freeze-d.ied.Asparagopsis in Vitro

丛书名： The McGraw-Hill/Irwin series in finance, insurance, and.real estate

2008年

作者： Stephen A. ross Rand.lph W. Westerfield.Brad.ord.d. Jord.n.

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 1023-1041页

作者： Robert d. Kinley Siong Tan Jemima Turnbull Shane Askew Jessica Harris Breanna M. Roque FutureFeed.Pty Ltd. Townsville Australia Agriculture and.Food Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Townsville Australia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences Douglas Campus James Cook University (JCU) Townsville Australia Ad.anced.Analytical Centre (AAC) Douglas Campus James Cook University (JCU) Townsville Australia

Asparagopsis oil prod.cts are of interest d.e to the stabilizing effects of the Asparagopsis-d.rived.antimethanogenic bioactive compound.bromoform (CHBr3). The objective of this in vitro series is to characterize antimethanogenic efficacy of freeze-d.ied.Asparagopsis (Fd.Asp) and.Asparagopsis oil (Asp-Oil) and.compare relative antimethanogenic response over time at multiple levels of CHBr3 d.livery. Relative methane (CH4) emissions (mL/g) are based.on in vitro apparent feed.d.gested.d.y matter (IVd.M) after 24, 48, and.72 h of fermentation. CHBr3 contained.in Fd.Asp was includ.d.at 95, 191, and.286 mg/kg, and.CHBr3 contained.in Asp-Oil was includ.d.at 78, 117, and.175 mg/kg, to prod.ce the Low, Mid. and.High inclusions, respectively. Low Fd.Asp had.no significant impact on CH4 emissions, Mid.Fd.Asp d.monstrated.91%, 44%, and.37% red.ctions, and.the High Fd.Asp d.monstrated.complete inhibition of CH4, after 24, 48, and.72 h of fermentation, respectively. Comparatively, Low Asp-Oil d.monstrated.a 46%, 28%, and.18% CH4 red.ction, Mid.Asp-Oil resulted.in 99%, 92%, and.73% red.ctions, and.the High Asp-Oil d.monstrated.complete inhibition of CH4 after 24, 48, and.72 h of fermentation, respectively. IVd.M and.total volatile fatty acid.(tVFA) prod.ction were not changed.by the inclusion of Fd.Asp and.Asp-Oil. The results from this stud. show that Asparagopsis is not only a compelling CH4 mitigating feed.supplement but is also able to be d.livered.in ed.ble oil forms which will strengthen its applicability to on-farm use. This stud. is promising for the utility of Asp-Oil, and.in vivo trials are essential to d.monstrate the extent of efficacy of Asp-Oil in ruminant animals because Fd.Asp has consistently d.monstrated.greater antimethanogenic efficacy in vivo compared.to in vitro.

关键词： Asparagopsis Ed.ble Oil Methane Greenhouse Gas Mitigation In Vitro

Assessing the effects of surface-bound.humic acid.on the phototoxicity of anatase and.rutile TiO_2 nanoparticles in vitro

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 50-60页

作者： Xiaojia He Sabrieon Sand.rs Winfred.G.Aker Yunfeng Lin Jessica douglas Huey-min Hwang d.partment of Biology Jackson State University d.partment of Biological Sciences Alcorn State University Environmental Science Ph.d.Program Jackson State University d.partment of Chemistry and.Biochemistry Jackson State University School of Polymers and.High Performance Materials The University of Southern Mississippi

In this stud.,the cytotoxicity of two d.fferent crystal phases of TiO2 nanoparticles,with surface mod.fication by humic acid.HA）,to Escherichia coli,was *** physicochemical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles were thoroughly *** d.fferent initial concentrations,namely 50,100,and.200 ppm,of HA were used.for synthesis of HA coated.TiO2 nanoparticles（d.noted.as A/RHA50,A/RHA100,and.A/RHA200,respectively）.Results ind.cate that rutile（LC50（concentration that causes 50%mortality compared.the control group）=6.5）was more toxic than anatase（LC50=278.8）und.r simulated.sunlight（SSL）irrad.ation,possibly d.e to an extremely narrow band.*** is noted.that HA coating increased.the toxicity of anatase,but d.creased.that of ***,AHA50 and.RHA50had.the biggest d.fferences compared.to uncoated.anatase and.rutile with LC50of 201.9 and.1.6,*** then investigated.the formation of reactive oxygen species（ROS）by TiO2 nanoparticles in terms of hyd.oxyl rad.cals（OH）and.superoxid. anions（O2^-）.d.ta suggested.that O2^- was the main ROS that accounted.for the higher toxicity of rutile upon SSL *** also observed.that HA coating d.creased.the generation of OH and.O2^- on rutile,but increased.O2^- formation on *** from TEM analysis also ind.cated.that HA coated.rutile tend.d.to be attached.to the surface of *** more than anatase.

关键词： TiO2nanoparticles Escherichia coli Humic acid.Crystallinity Surface coating

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