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Gastroenterologist perceptions of faecal microbiota transplantation

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10907-10914页

作者： Sudarshan Paramsothy Alissa J Walsh Thomas Borody douglas samuel Johan van den Bogaerde Rupert WL Leong Susan Connor Watson Ng Hazel M Mitchell Nadeem O Kaakoush Michael A Kamm Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department St Vincent’s Hospital Centre for Digestive Diseases Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Nambour General Hospital Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Liverpool Hospital University of New South Wales School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences Departments of Gastroenterology and Medicine St Vincent's Hospital and University of Melbourne

AIM: To explore gastroenterologist perceptions towards and experience with faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).METHODS: A questionnaire survey consisting of 17 questions was created to assess gastroenterologists' attitude towards and experience with FMT. This was anonymously distributed in hard copy format amongst attendees at gastroenterology meetings in Australia between October 2013 and April 2014. Basic descriptive statistical analyses were performed.RESULTS: Fifty-two clinicians participated. Twenty one percent had previously referred patients for FMT,8% more than once. Ninety percent would refer patients with Clostridium difficile infection(CDI) for FMT if easily available,37% for ulcerative colitis,13% for Crohn's disease and 6% for irritable bowel syndrome. Six percent would not refer any indication,including recurrent CDI. Eighty-six percent would enroll patients in FMT clinical trials. Thirty-seven percent considered the optimal mode of FMT administration transcolonoscopic,17% nasoduodenal,13% enema and 8% oral capsule. The greatest concerns regarding FMT were: 42% lack of evidence,12% infection risk,10% non infectious adverse effects/lack of safety data,10% aesthetic,10% lack of efficacy,4% disease exacerbation,and 2% inappropriate use; 6% had no concerns. Seventy seven percent believed there is a lack of accessibility while 52% had an interest in learning how to provide FMT. Only 6% offered FMT at their institution.CONCLUSION: Despite general enthusiasm,most gastroenterologists have limited experience with,or access to,FMT. The greatest concerns were lack of supportive evidence and safety issues. However a significant proportion would refer indications other than CDI for FMT despite insufficient evidence. These data provide guidance on where education and training are required.

关键词： Perceptions Gastroenterologist Clostridium diffici

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Hardware,Software,and Wetware Codesign Environment for Synthetic Biology

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BioDesign Research 2022年第1期2022卷 136-150页

作者： samuel M.D.Oliveira douglas Densmore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityMA 02215USA Biological Design Center Boston UniversityMA 02215USA

Synthetic biology is the process of forward engineering living systems.These systems can be used to produce biobased materials,agriculture,medicine,and energy.One approach to designing these systems is to employ techniques from the design of embedded electronics.These techniques include abstraction,standards,modularity,automated design,and formal semantic models of computation.Together,these elements form the foundation of“biodesign automation,”where software,robotics,and microfluidic devices combine to create exciting biological systems of the future.This paper describes a“hardware,software,wetware”codesign vision where software tools can be made to act as“genetic compilers”that transform high-level specifications into engineered“genetic circuits”(wetware).This is followed by a process where automation equipment,welldefined experimental workflows,and microfluidic devices are explicitly designed to house,execute,and test these circuits(hardware).These systems can be used as either massively parallel experimental platforms or distributed bioremediation and biosensing devices.Next,scheduling and control algorithms(software)manage these systems’actual execution and data analysis tasks.A distinguishing feature of this approach is how all three of these aspects(hardware,software,and wetware)may be derived from the same basic specification in parallel and generated to fulfill specific cost,performance,and structural requirements.

关键词： hardware Together execution

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Statistical techniques in business & economics / 12th ed.

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丛书名： McGraw-Hill/Irwin series. Operations and decision sciences.

2005年

作者： douglas A. Lind William G. Marchal samuel A. Wathen.

Student CD-ROM includes tutorials, quizzes, solved problems, data sets, and data files.

ISBN: (数字)0072868244

ISBN: (纸本)0072971215

Student CD-ROM includes tutorials, quizzes, solved problems, data sets, and data files.

关键词： Social sciences

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Basic Statistics for Business and Economics (International Edition) 5th

Basic Statistics for Business and Economics (International E...

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丛书名： Business Statistics

2006年

作者： douglas A. Lind William G Marchal samuel A. Wathen

ISBN: (纸本)9780071244619

A practical, step-by-step introduction to the design of pricing engines with VBA This book teaches students and practitioners the numerics and design of a powerful pricing tool in VBA. It leads the reader through the basics of VBA, from simple procedural code to the advanced design of systems and object-style applications. It also covers Monte Carlo and lattice methods and their implementation in

关键词： Literary Collections

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Measurement of Breakdown Electric Field Strength for Vegetation and Hydrocarbon Flames

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2018年第3期10卷 53-66页

作者： Kago Ernest Maabong Kgakgamatso Mphale douglas Letsholathebe samuel Chimidza Department of Physics University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

A significant number of fire-induced power disruptions are observed in several countries every year. The faults are normally phase-to-phase short circuiting or conductor-to-ground discharges at mid-span region of the high-voltage transmission system. In any case, the wildfire plumes provide a conductive path. The electrical conductivity is due to intense heat in combustion zone of the fire which creates ion and electrons from flame inherent particulates. Increase in the ion concentration increases the electrical conductivity of the fire plume. The main purpose of this study was to measure dielectric breakdown electric field for vegetation and hydrocarbon flames. The experimental data is needed for validation of simulation schemes which are necessary for evaluation of power grid systems reliability under extreme wildfire weather conditions. In this study, hydrocarbon and vegetation fuels were ignited in a cylindrically shaped steel burner which was fitted with type-K thermocouples to measure flame temperature. The fuels consisted of dried weeping wattle (Peltophorum africanum) litter, butane gas and candle wax. Two pinned copper electrodes supported by retort stands were mounted to the burner and energized to a high voltage. This generated a strong electric field sufficient to initiate dielectric breakdown in the flames. Breakdown electric field strength (Ecrit) obtained from the experiment decreased from 10.5 to 6.9 kV/cm for the flames with temperature range of 1003 to 1410 K, respectively.

关键词： Fire High Voltage Flashover Flame Conductivity Weakly Ionized Plasma Thermal Ionization Breakdown Electric Field Strength

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An Empirical Relation for Vegetation Fuel Flames Breakdown Electric Field Strength

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2019年第11期11卷 187-202页

作者： Kago Ernest Maabong Kgakgamatso Mphale douglas Letsholathebe samuel Chimidza Phenyo Thebenyane Physics Department University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

The compulsion to provide reliable electric power for sustenance of socio-economic development is vital for most of southern Africa states. The demand for the resource in the region is anticipated to escalate in the next couple of decades. However, there is a deleterious effect of fire-induced power disruption which is observed in many countries. The mechanism through which the disruption occurs is currently a subject of current research in electric power distribution. It has been observed that streamer initiated conduction channel provides a means of high voltage electric power flashover. The main purpose of this study is to determine the empirical expression for breakdown electric field strength of vegetation fires. The breakdown field was measured from vegetation fuel (Peltophorum africanum) flames at different combustion temperatures. The data is essential for validation of simulation schemes which are necessary for evaluation of power grid systems reliability under extreme wildfire weather conditions. In this study, Peltophorum africanum fuels were ignited in a cylindrically shaped steel burner which was fitted with a Type-K thermocouple to measure flame temperature. The fuels consisted of dried fine twig (≤0.8 mm Ø) and limb wood (≥10 mm Ø) litter. Two copper pinned-electrodes supported by retort stands were mounted to the burner and energized to a high voltage. This generated a strong electric field sufficient to initiate dielectric breakdown in the flames. The measured electric field strength was plotted against flame temperatures and fit with a non-linear relation to give the empirical relation.

关键词： Flashover Wildfire Flame Conductivity Alkali Impurities High Voltage Thermal Ionization

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Radio Wave Propagation Experiment in Sugarcane Fire Environments

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2016年第7期8卷 124-131页

作者： douglas Letsholathebe Kgakgamatso M. Mphale samuel Chimidza Malcolm L. Heron Physics Department University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana Marine Geophysical Laboratory James Cook University Townsville Australia

Large fires have an effect of suppressing Very or Ultra High Frequency (VHF/UHF) radio wave signals strength which consequently impact negatively on the efficiency of radio communications at the frequency ranges. Mobile hand-held radio operating at the frequency ranges is a major communication tool during fire suppression;therefore inefficient radio communication systems put lives of fire fighters at risk. One of the causes of signal attenuation in fire environment is plume ionization. Plume species which include graphitic carbon, alkalis and thermally excited radicals such as methyl are responsible for ionization. As atmospheric pressure ionized medium (combustion plasma), sugarcane fire has momentum transfer electron-neutral collision frequency much higher than plasma frequency, hence propagation of VHF/UHF radio waves through such a medium is predicted to suffer a significant attenuation and phase shift. Radiowave propagation measurements were carried out in a moderate intensity prescribed sugarcane fire at 151 MHz frequency over a 590 m path using a radiowave interferometer. The radio wave interferometer measured signal attenuation of 0.43 dB through the fire with maximum temperature and flame depth of 1154 K and 8.7 m, respectively.

关键词： Canefire Radiowave Loss Attenuation Thermal Ionization

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Prophylactic tracheal intubation for upper GI bleeding: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2015年第1期3卷 4-10页

作者： Ashraf A Almashhrawi Rubayat Rahman samuel T Jersak Akwi W Asombang Alisha M Hinds Hazem T Hammad douglas L Nguyen Matthew L Bechtold Division of Gastroenterology and Hepa-tology University of Missouri Columbia MO 65212 United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepa-tology University of California Irvine CA 92697 United States

AIM: To evaluate usefulness of prophylactically intubating upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) patients. METHODS: UGIB results in a significant number of hospital admissions annually with endoscopy being the key intervention. In these patients, risks are associated with the bleeding and the procedure, including pulmonary aspiration. However, very little literature is available assessing the use of prophylactic endotracheal intubation on aspiration in these patients. A comprehensive search was performed in May 2014 in Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane databases, Pub Med/Medline, Embase, and published abstracts from national gastroenterology meetings in the United States(2004-2014). Included studies examined UGIB patients and compared prophylactic intubation to no intubation before endoscopy. Meta-analysis was conducted using Rev Man 5.2 by Mantel-Haenszel and Der Simonian and Laird models with results presented as odds ratio for aspiration, pneumonia(within 48 h), and mortality. Funnel plots were utilized for publication bias and I2 measure of inconsistency for heterogeneity assessments. RESULTS: Initial search identified 571 articles. Of these articles, 10 relevant peer-reviewed articles in English and two relevant abstracts were selected to review by two independent authors(Almashhrawi AA and Bechtold ML). Of these studies, eight were excluded: Five did not have a control arm, one was a letter the editor, one was a survey study, and one was focused on prevention of UGIB. Therefore, four studies(N = 367) were included. Of the UGIB patients prophylactically intubated before endoscopy, pneumonia(within 48 h) was identified in 20 of 134(14.9%) patients as compared to 5 of 95(5.3%) patients that were not intubated prophylactically(P = 0.02). Despite observed trends, no significantdifferences were found for mortality(P = 0.18) or aspiration(P = 0.11).CONCLUSION: Pneumonia within 48 h is more likely in UGIB patients who received prophylactic endotracheal intubation prior to endoscopy.

关键词： Prophylactic endotracheal intubation Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Endoscopy Complication Pneumonia Aspiration

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Lessons learned:Symbiotic autonomous robot ecosystem for nuclear environments

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2023年第4期5卷 63-86页

作者： Daniel Mitchell Paul Dominick Emor Baniqued Abdul Zahid Andrew West Bahman Nouri Rahmat Abadi Barry Lennox Bin Liu Burak Kizilkaya David Flynn David John Francis Erwin Jose Lopez Pulgarin Guodong Zhao Hasan Kivrak Jamie Rowland douglas Blanche Jennifer David Jingyan Wang Joseph Bolarinwa Kanzhong Yao Keir Groves Liyuan Qi Mahmoud A.Shawky Manuel Giuliani Melissa Sandison Olaoluwa Popoola Ognjen Marjanovic Paul Bremner samuel Thomas Harper Shivoh Nandakumar Simon Watson Subham Agrawal Theodore Lim Thomas Johnson Wasim Ahmad Xiangmin Xu Zhen Meng Zhengyi Jiang James Watt School of Engineering Autonomous Systems and Connectivity DivisionUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK Bristol Robotics Laboratory University of the West of EnglandBristolUK Heriot-Watt University EdinburghUK

Nuclear facilities have a regulatory requirement to measure radiation levels within Post Operational Clean Out(POCO)around nuclear facilities each year,resulting in a trend towards robotic deployments to gain an improved understanding during nuclear decommissioning phases.The UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority supports the view that human-in-the-loop(HITL)robotic deployments are a solution to improve procedures and reduce risks within radiation characterisation of nuclear sites.The authors present a novel implementation of a Cyber-Physical System(CPS)deployed in an analogue nuclear environment,comprised of a multi-robot(MR)team coordinated by a HITL operator through a digital twin interface.The development of the CPS created efficient partnerships across systems including robots,digital systems and human.This was presented as a multi-staged mission within an inspection scenario for the hetero-geneous Symbiotic Multi-Robot Fleet(SMuRF).Symbiotic interactions were achieved across the SMuRF where robots utilised automated collaborative governance to work together,where a single robot would face challenges in full characterisation of radiation.Key contributions include the demonstration of symbiotic autonomy and query-based learning of an autonomous mission supporting scalable autonomy and autonomy as a service.The coordination of the CPS was a success and displayed further challenges and improvements related to future MR fleets.

关键词： cyber-systems field robotics hazardous inspection human robot interaction industrial robotics mobile robots multi-agent systems multi-robot systems robotics service robots

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Systematic and other reviews: Criteria and complexities

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2021年第3期7卷 236-239页

作者： Robert T.Sataloff Matthew L.Bush Rakesh Chandra douglas Chepeha Brian Rotenberg Edward W.Fisher David Goldenberg Ehab Y.Hanna Joseph E.Kerschner Dennis H.Kraus John H.Krouse Daqing Li Michael Link Lawrence R.Lustig samuel H.Selesnick Raj Sindwani Richard J.Smith James R.Tysome Peter C.Weber D.Bradley Welling Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA Department of Otolaryngolosy Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA Faculty of Medicine Deportment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurseryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology·Head and Neck Surgery Western UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology Cambridge University PressCambridgeUK Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Otolaryngology Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Northwell HealthNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of MedicineBrownsvilleTexasUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology·Head and Neck Surgery Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of Otolaryngology Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolarynsology Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA Cleveland Clinic Head and Neck InstituteClevelandOhioUSA Department of Otolaryngology·Head and Neck Surgery The University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA Department of Otolarynsolosy Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK Mount Sinai Health System New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology·Head and Neck Surgery Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Review articles can be extremely valuable.They synthesize information for readers,often provide clarity and valuable insights into a topic;and good review articles tend to be cited frequently.Review articles do not require Institutional Review Board(IRB)approval if the data reviewed are public(including private and government databases)and if the articles reviewed have received IRB approval previously.

关键词： approval insight valuable

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