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Dietary choline activates the Ampk/Srebp signaling pathway and decreases lipid levels in Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 58-70页

作者： Jingjing Lu Xinyue Tao Jiaxiang Luo Tingting Zhu Lefei Jiao Peng Sun Qicun Zhou douglas r.tocher Min Jin Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou UniversityShantou 515063China

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)to evaluate the effects of dietary choline supplementation on choline transport and metabolism,hepatopancreas histological structure and fatty acid profile,and regulation of lipid *** isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain different choline levels of 2.91(basal diet),3.85,4.67,6.55,10.70 and 18.90 g/kg,respectively.A total of 960 shrimp(initial weight,1.38±0.01 g)were distributed randomly into twenty-four 250-L cylindrical fiber-glass tanks,with each diet assigned randomly to 4replicate *** results indicated that dietary choline significantly promoted the deposition of choline,betaine and carnitine(Prs and areas of r cells,total lipid and triglyceride contents in hepatopancreas,and triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid contents in hemolymph were negatively correlated with dietary choline *** contents of functional fatty acids in hepatopancreas,the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(Acc),and the mrNA expression of fas,srebp and acc were highest in shrimp fed the diet containing 4.67 g/kg choline,and significantly higher than those fed the diet containing 2.91 g/kg,the lowest level of choline(Pr of r cells,content of very lowdensity lipoprotein(VLDL),activities of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase(Cpt1),lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase,and the mrNA expression levels of cpt1,fabp,fatp,ldlr,and ampk in hepatopancreas increased significantly as dietary choline increased(Preas m rNA expression levels of ctl1,ctl2,oct1,badh,bhmt,ck,cept,and cct were generally up-regulated as dietary choline level increased(Pry choline promoted the deposition of choline and its metabolites by up-regulating genes related to choline transport and ***,appropriate dietary choline level promoted the development of hepatopancreas r cells and maintained the n

关键词： Pacific white shrimp Choline Lipid Fatty acid Histology Ampk signaling pathway

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Dietary cholesterol promotes growth and ecdysone signalling pathway by modulating cholesterol transport in swimming crabs(Portunus trituberculatus)

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 249-260页

作者： Tingting Zhu Qicun Zhou Zheng Yang Yingying Zhang Jiaxiang Luo Xiangsheng Zhang Yuedong Shen Lefei Jiao douglas r.tocher Min Jin Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo University315211 NingboChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou University515063 ShantouChina

Cholesterol,as an indispensable nutrient,regulates molting and growth in *** crustaceans are unable to biosynthesize cholesterol de novo,it is central to understand how dietary cholesterol affects molting in *** 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary cholesterol level(0.12%,0.43%,0.79%,1.00%,1.30%and 2.50%)on growth,cholesterol metabolism and expression of genes related to lipid and ecdysone metabolism in female swimming crabs(Portunus trituberculatus).A total of 192 crabs(1.41±0.05 g)were randomly distributed into 192 *** treatment had 4 replicates with each replicate containing 8 *** fed the 1.00%cholesterol diet showed best growth performance,and thus based on percent weight gain,the optimal dietary cholesterol requirement was calculated at 1.01%.Tissue cholesterol concentrations were positively correlated with dietary cholesterol *** contents of functional fatty acids in hepatopancreas significantly increased as dietary cholesterol increased from 0.12%to 2.50%(Pression levels of genes related to lipogenesis pathway,lipid catabolism and fatty acid oxidation were significantly downregulated with increased dietary cholesterol level(Pression levels of cholesterol transport genes,low-density lipoprotein receptor(ldlr)and low-density lipoprotein receptorrelated protein 2(lrp2)occurred in crabs fed the 1.30%cholesterol ***,hormones related to molting such as crustacean hyperglycemic hormone(CHH),methyl farnesoate(MF),molt-inhibiting hormone(MIH),and ecdysone in hemolymph were significantly influenced by dietary cholesterol level(Pression levels of ecdysone receptor(ecr)and chitinase 1(chi1)in eyestalk and hepatopancreas were found in crabs fed the diet containing 1.00%cholesterol(Pry level was beneficial to functional fatty acid accumulation,regulated lipid metabolism,promoted the ecdysone s

关键词： Portunus trituberculatus Cholesterol Lipid metabolism Ecdysone signalling pathway

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High dietary lipid level promotes low salinity adaptation in the marine euryhaline crab(Scylla paramamosain)

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 297-307页

作者： Jiaxiang Luo Chen ren Tingting Zhu Chen Guo Shichao Xie Yingying Zhang Zheng Yang Wenli Zhao Xiangsheng Zhang Jingjing Lu Lefei Jiao Qicun Zhou douglas r.tocher Min Jin Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou UniversityShantou 515063China

The physiological processes involved in adaptation to osmotic pressure in euryhaline crustaceans are highly energy demanding,but the effects of dietary lipids(fat)on low salinity adaptations have not been well *** the present study,a total of 120 mud crabs(Scylla paramamosain,BW=17.87±1.49 g)were fed control and high-fat(HF)diets,at both medium salinity(23‰)and low salinity(4‰)for 6 wk,and each treatment had 3 replicates with each replicate containing 10 *** results indicated that a HF diet significantly mitigated the reduction in survival rate,percent weight gain and feed efficiency induced by low salinity(Pred lipogenesis and activated lipolysis resulting in lipid depletion in the hepatopancreas of mud crabs(Process of lipolysis to supply more *** the gills,low salinity and the HF diet increased the levels of mitochondrial biogenesis markers,the activity of mitochondrial complexes,and the expression levels of genes related to energy metabolism(Prgy metabolism in mud crabs at low salinity promoted osmotic pressure ***,significantly higher haemolymph osmotic pressure and inorganic ion content,as well as higher osmotic pressure regulatory enzyme activity in gills,and gene and protein expression levels of NaK-ATPase were observed in crabs fed the HF diet at low salinity(Pry,high dietary lipid levels improved energy provision to facilitate mitochondrial biogenesis,which increased ATP provision for osmotic pressure regulation of mud *** study also illustrates the importance of dietary lipid nutrition supplementation for low salinity adaptations in mud crabs.

关键词： Osmotic pressure regulation Mitochondrial energy metabolism Lipid metabolism

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Expression of genes of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(LC-PUFA) biosynthesis during early embryogenesis in cobia rachycentron canadum

Expression of genes of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid...

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The 14th International Symposium on Fish Nutrition & Feeding

作者： Oscar Monroig Ken Webb Leonardo Ibarra-Castro G.Joan Holt douglas r.tocher Institute of Aquaculture University of Stirling Marine Science Institute University of Texas at Austin

Developing organisms including fish have high requirements for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LC-PUFA) to fulfil the demands of critical tissues such as brain and retina,where these compounds accumulate in membrane *** recently investigated the activation of the LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathway in zebrafish embryos by analysing the expression of genes involved in the *** study revealed that zebrafish embryos express all the enzymatic activities required in the synthesis of LC-PUFA such as docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and thus can supplement supply of preformed LC-PUFA from the yolk *** freshwater species, marine fish have been generally considered unable to biosynthesise LC-PUFA from C18 PUFA ***,little information is available on the biosynthetic capacity of early life stages of marine *** present study investigated the expression of genes encoding enzymes of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway in the marine teleost cobia(rachycentron canadum).First,an elongase with sequence similarity to mammalian very long-chain fatty acids 4(Elovl4) was isolated,and functional characterisation revealed it catalysed conversion of 22:5n-3 to 24:5n-3, which can be further desaturated and chain shortened to DHA,confirming its potential role in DHA *** activity of Elovl4 on 22:5n-3 produced pentaenes up to C36,suggesting a role in the synthesis of very long-chain PUFA(VLC-PUFA),which are fatty acids relatively abundant in specific tissues such as retina,testicles and ***,the temporal expression patterns of elovl4,together with the formerly characterised elongase elovl5 and fatty acyl desaturase△6fad,were analysed by rT-PCr in cobia embryos collected throughout early ontogeny up to 72 hours post-fertilisation(hpf).Interestingly,elovl4 exhibited increasing expression levels from 9 to 60 hpf,thus suggesting the biosynthesis of VLC-PUFA is activated early on in developing retina and brain as occurs with zebrafish

关键词： Cobia early embryogenesis Elovl4-like elongase Elovl5-like elongase fatty acid fatty acyl desaturase LC-PUFA biosynthesis

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Insights into differential transcriptional regulation of elovl5involved in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid（LC-PUFA） biosynthesis in marine large yellow croaker（Larimichthys crocea） and freshwater rainbow trout（Oncorhynchus mykiss）

Insights into differential transcriptional regulation of elo...

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第三届中国生物物理学会代谢生物学分会学术研讨会

作者： Yongnan Li douglas r.tocher renlei Ji Jianlong Du Xiaojun Xiang Jie Sun Kangsen Mai Qinghui Ai 中国海洋大学 Institute of Aquaculture Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Stirling Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ministry of Education) Ocean University of China

＜正＞The capacity to biosynthesize long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid （LC-PUFA） in marine fish is generally lower than in freshwater *** elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5（Elov15） is one of the critical enzymes in LC-PUFA biosynthesis pathway,but the mechanisms underlying its regulation between marine and freshwater fish remain poorly *** we

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Adjacent strong edge colorings and total colorings of regular graphs

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Science China Mathematics 2009年第5期52卷 973-980页

作者： WOODALL douglas r School of Mathematical Sciences University of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK

It is conjectured that X as ′ (G) = X t (G) for every k-regular graph G with no C 5 component (k ? 2). This conjecture is shown to be true for many classes of graphs, including: graphs of type 1; 2-regular, 3-regular and (|V(G)| - 2)-regular graphs; bipartite graphs; balanced complete multipartite graphs; k-cubes; and joins of two matchings or cycles.

关键词： graph total coloring adjacent strong edge coloring 05C15 68r10

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HYErS-ULAM STABILITY OF SECOND-OrDEr LINEAr DYNAMIC EQUATIONS ON TIME SCALES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2021年第5期41卷 1809-1826页

作者： douglas r.ANDErSON Masakazu ONITSUKA Department of Mathematics Concordia CollegeMoorheadMN 56562 USA Department of Applied Mathematics kayama University of ScienceOkayama700-0005Japan

We investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability(HUS)of certain second-order linear constant coefficient dynamic equations on time scales,building on recent results for first-order constant coefficient time-scale *** particular,for the case where the roots of the characteristic equation are non-zero real numbers that are positively regressive on the time scale,we establish that the best HUS constant in this case is the reciprocal of the absolute product of these two *** for instability are also given.

关键词： stability second order Hyers-Ulam time scales

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Ionic liquid/tetraglyme hybrid Mg[TFSI]_2 electrolytes for rechargeable Mg batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第2期4卷 146-153页

作者： Zheng Ma Maria Forsyth douglas r.MacFarlane Mega Kar School of Chemistry Faculty of Science Monash University ArC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science IFM – Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University

The electrochemical reversibility of Mg in hybrid electrolytes based on mixtures of ionic liquid and glyme based organic solvents was investigated for applications in rechargeable magnesium batteries(rMBs). The electrolytes demonstrate reversible reduction and oxidation of Mg only after being pre-treated with the dehydrating agent, magnesium borohydride, Mg[BH_4]_2, highlighting the importance of removing water in Mg based electrolytes. The addition magnesium di[bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide](Mg[TFSI]_2)(0.3 M) to N-butyl-n-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [C4 mpyr][TFSI]/tetraglyme at a mole ratio of 1:2 showed stable CV cycling over almost 300 cycles while scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XrD) confirmed Mg deposition, showing non-dendritic morphology and a well-aligned growth. Further thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) demonstrated a mass retention of 79% at 250℃ for this electrolyte suggesting that the presence of the ionic liquid increases thermal stability substantially making these hybrid electrolytes compatible for rMBs.

关键词： Mg[TFSI]2 Ionic liquids Tetraglyme rechargeable Mg battery Mg[BH4]2 dehydrate reagent

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Interval oscillation criteria for forced Emden-Fowler functional dynamic equations with oscillatory potential

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Science China Mathematics 2013年第3期56卷 561-576页

作者： ANDErSON douglas r. SAKEr Samir H. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Concordia College Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Mansoura University

Interval oscillation criteria are established for a second-order functional dynamic equation of Emden-Fowler type with oscillatory potential by applying riccati and generalized riccati techniques. The results represent further improvements on those given even for differential and difference equations. Some examples are considered to illustrate the main results.

关键词： oscillation forced dynamic equations time scales functional equations riccati technique

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Parallel boron nitride nanoribbons and etch tracks formed through catalytic etching

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Nano research 2018年第9期11卷 4874-4882页

作者： Armin Ansary Mohsen Nasseri Mathias J. Boland douglas r. Strachan Department of Physics &Astronomy University of Kentucky Lexington KY40506 USA

One-dimensional （1D） catalytic etching was investigated in few-layer hexagonal boron nitride （hBN） films. Etching of hBN was shown to share a number of similarities with that of graphitic films. As in graphitic films, etch tracks in hBN commenced at film edges and occurred predominantly along certain crystal directions of its lattice, though it was shown that the tracks were generally narrower than those of few-layer graphene under similar processing conditions. It was also shown that catalytic hydrogenation can occur completely through a few-layer hBN film, demonstrating that this process can be used in the formation of isolated low-dimensional nanoscale structures from other layered 2D materials beyond graphene. This ability for thin hBN films to be etched completely through allowed for a crystalline substrate to guide the etching process, which was demonstrated with the successful etch track formation of few-layer hBN on single-crystalline sapphire substrates. The substrate-guided etching resulted in parallel few-layer hBN nanoribbons having an average width of 32 nm and spacing of 13 nm.

关键词： hexagonal(hBN) one-dimensional catalytic etching hydrogenation etch tracks nanoribbons

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