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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIAnA DIAS William douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

Technical efficiency of cocoa farms at varying elevation levels in Davao City, Philippines: implications to sustainable upland farming systems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 33-48页

作者： Francis Levi A.DURAnO Jon Marx SARMIEnTO Larry n.DIGAL Pedro A.ALVIOLA IV School of Management University of the Philippines MindanaoDavao City 8000Philippines

Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation

关键词： Cocoa farms Cobb-douglas production function Elevation Philippines Stochastic frontier analysis Technical efficiency

Optical redox imaging of AnT1-de-cient muscles

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 135-140页

作者： He n.Xu Ryan M.Morrow Min Feng Huaqing Zhao douglas Wallace Lin Z.Li Britton Chance Laboratory of Redox Imaging Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute Philadelphia PA 19104USA Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Philadelphia PA 19140USA

Adenine nucleotide translocator(AnT)is a mitochondrial protein involved in the exchange of ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner *** plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism by facilitating the transport of ATP synthesized within the mitochondria to the *** isoform AnT1 predominately expresses in cardiac and skeletal *** or dysregulation in AnT1 have been implicated in various mitochondrial disorders and neuromuscular *** aimed to examine whether AnT1 deletion may affect mitochondrial redox state in our established AnT1-de-cient *** and quadriceps resected from age-matched wild type(WT)and AnT1-de-cient mice were snap-frozen in liquid *** Chance redox scanner was utilized to perform 3D optical redox *** sample underwent scanning across 3–5 *** averaging analysis showed no signi-cant differences in the redox indices(nADH,flavin adenine dinucleotide containing-flavoproteins Fp,and the redox ratio Fp/(nADH+Fp)between WT and AnT1-de-cient ***,quadriceps had higher Fp than hearts in both groups(p¼0:0004 and 0.01,respectively).Furthermore,the quadriceps were also more oxidized(a higher redox ratio)than hearts in WT group(p¼0:004).nADH levels were similar in all *** data suggest that under non-stressful physical condition,the AnT1-de-cient muscle cells were in the same mitochondrial state as WT ones and that the signi-cant difference in the mitochondrial redox state between quadriceps and hearts found in WT might be diminished in AnT1-de-cient *** imaging of muscles under physical stress can be conducted in future.

关键词： AnT1 redox ratio flavoproteins

Mobile power generation system based on biomass gasifcation

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第3期9卷 171-184页

作者： Lu Ding Mingming Yang Kai Dong Dai‑Viet n.Vo douglas Hungwe Jiahan Ye Alexander Ryzhkov Kunio Yoshikawa Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8503Japan College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang 277160China Institute of Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City 755414Vietnam ZHE JIAnG ECO EnVIROnMEnTAL TECHnOLOGY CO. LTD.1188The Headquarters of the Free Port H Building 20FWuxing DistrictHuzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Ural Federal University EkaterinburgRussia

Disaster-hit and/or un-electrifed remote areas usually have electricity accessibility issues and an abundance of plant-derived debris and wood from destroyed wooden structures;this can be potentially addressed by employing a decentralized ultrasmall biomass-fed gasifcation power generating *** paper presents an assessment of the technical viability of an ultra-small gasifcation system that utilizes densifed carbonized wood pellets/*** setup was run continuously for 100 h.A variety of biomass was densifed and carbonized by harnessing fugitive heat sources before charging into the *** briquettes and furnished blends exhibited inferior gasifcation performance compared to the carbonized *** the absence of tar blockage problems,steady-state conditions were achieved when pre-treated feedstock was *** steady-state conditions for carbonized pellets gasifcation operated at an equivalence ratio of 0.32,cold gas efciency and carbon conversion achieved 49.2%and 70.5%,*** efciency and maximum power output of 20.3%and 21 kW were realised,*** was found that the system could keep stable while the low heating valve of syngas was over 4 MJ/m^(3)on condition that avoiding tar blocking *** results indicate that the proposed compact ultra-small power generation system is a technically feasible approach to remedy power shortage *** addition,process simulation considering carbonized wood gasifcation combined power generation was formulated to produce syngas and *** pellets with the fow rate of 20 kg/h could generate a 15.18 kW power at the air fow rate of 40 nm^(3)/h,which is in a good agreement with 15 kW in the 100 h *** is indicated that the gasifcation combined power generation cycle simulated by Aspen simulator could achieve reliable data to assist the complicated experiment operation.

关键词： Small-scale power generation Densifcation Carbonized pellet Carbonized briquette Gasifcation

Rib Osteosynthesis for Sub-Acute Management of a Flail Chest in a Tertiary Centre in a Low-Middle Income Country of Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Report at Douala Laquintinie Hospital

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Fabrice Stéphane Arroye Betou nyankoue Mebouinz Ferdinand Guy Aristide Bang Kobe Folkabo Zephany Banga nkomo douglas Moussa Seck Diop Abdoul Lahad Mbeng Marcella Derboise Christelle Biyouma noel Essomba Souleyman Diatta Handy Eone Daniel Arthur Essomba Hassan ndiaye Maurice Aurelien Sosso Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) University of Yaoundé (UYI) Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery and Affiliated Disciplines Douala Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMPS) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fann Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie Université de Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal UFR des Sciences de la Santé Ziguinchor Sénégal

Background: Costal fracture surgical is still a debate, therefore we shall select between early and delay surgical management. Case Report: We are reporting two cases of post road traffic clash delay ribs fractures osteosynthesis involving a 63-year-old man with multistage fractures on the left and pulmonary pinning of one of the costal arches, complicated by a homolateral haemothorax and a 41-year-old man with a bilateral flail chest. Conclusion: The simple postoperative course and the immediate postoperative improvement in the patient’s clinical respiratory condition enabled us to discuss the time frame for management, in this case the indication for early or later surgery.

关键词： Flail Chest Fixation Plate Rib Fracture Osteosynthesis

Erratum to “A gyroscope-based system for intraoperative measurement of tibia coronal plane alignment in total knee arthroplasty” [Med nov Technol Dev, 13, 2022, 100112]

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Medicine in novel Technology and Devices 2024年第1期21卷 120-120页

作者： Michael A.Kokko Ryan M.Chapman Martin W.Roche douglas W.Van Citters Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College 14 Engineering DriveHanoverNH03755USA Department of Kinesiology College of Health SciencesUniversity of Rhode Island25 W.Independence WayKingstonRI02881USA Orthopedic Research Institute Holy Cross Hospital 4725 N Federal Hwy.FtLauderdaleFL33308USA

The publisher would like to include the Ethical approval and informed consent statement for this *** study did not involve human subjects or animal research,and was therefore not subject to institutional ethics approval and did not require informed *** single cadaveric specimen used in ex vivo evaluation was obtained from Science Care(https://***/)and was handled in accordance with applicable Science Care policy.

关键词： approval statement alignment

Management of pancreaticobiliary disease using a new intra-ductal endoscope:The Texas experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第11期15卷 1353-1358页

作者： douglas S Fishman Paul R Tarnasky Sandeep n Patel Isaac Raijman Texas Children’s Hospital Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionBaylor College of Medicine6621 Fannin StreetHoustonTX 77030United States Digestive Health Associates Methodist Pavilion II 221 West Colorado Blvd.DallasTX 75208-2359United States Division of Gastroenterology and nutrition The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio7703 Floyd Curl Drive San AntonioTX 78229-3900United States Digestive Associates of Houston 6620 Main Street.HoustonTX 77030United States

AIM:To evaluate a new single-operator mini-endoscope, Spyglass,for its performance,feasibility and safety in the management of pancreaticobiliary disease. METHODS:In a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients undergoing intraductal endoscopy,we evaluated 128 patients(71 men,mean age 57.6 years).Indications were therapeutic(TX)in 72(56%) and diagnostic(DX)in 56(44%). RESULTS:Peroral endoscopy was performed in 121 and percutaneous in *** indications included CBD stones in 41,PD stones in six,and biliary strictures in *** indications included abnormal LFT’s in 15, abnormal imaging in 38 and cholangiocarcinoma staging in *** of the stone(s)was considered good in 31,fair in six,and poor in four. Advancement of the electrohydraulic lithotripsy probe was not possible in three patients and proper targeting of the lesion was partial in four patients.A holmium laser was used successfully in three *** clearance was achieved in 37 patients after one procedure and in four patients after two *** of biliary strictures was modified in 20/29 and confirmed to be malignant in 10/*** the modified patients,no diagnosis was available in *** demonstrated malignancy in 8/17 and non-malignancy in *** pathology by imaging studies and abnormal LFT’s was modified in 43/63(66%).Staging of cholangiocarcinoma demonstrated multicentric cholangiocarcinoma in 2/*** was no morbidity associated with the use of Spyglass. COnCLUSIOn:Spyglass Spyscopeis a first generation, single operator miniature endoscope that can evaluate and treat various biliary and pancreatic tract diseases.

关键词：疾病管理内窥镜导管非恶性肿瘤胆总管结石德州胆管狭窄胆胰系统疾病

Quantifying golf course nitrogen use efficiency

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Grassland Research 2022年第3期1卷 174-186页

作者： Michael A.H.Bekken douglas J.Soldat Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA

Background:Previous studies have surveyed golf courses to determine nitrogen(n)fertilizer application rates on golf courses,but no previous studies have attempted to quantify how efficiently golf courses use ***:This study tests the ability of the growth potential(GP)n Requirement model as a benchmarking tool to predict a target level of n use on 76 golf courses in 5 regions of the US(Midwest,northeast,East Texas,Florida,northwest)and 3 countries in Europe(Denmark,norway,UK).Results:The ratio of the golf course-wide n application rate to the GP n requirement prediction(termed the nitrogen efficiency score or nES)was 0.27,indicating that golf courses used 73%less n than predicted by the *** such,the GP n Requirement model needs to be recalibrated to predict n use on golf *** was achieved by adjusting the nmax coefficient in the model.n rates on golf courses were widely variable both within and across *** regions had a coefficient of variation in n rates of 0.46 or ***:The high variation in n rates,which is largely unexplained by climate,economic factors,grass type,and soil type,may be indicative of inefficient n use in golf course management.

关键词： biophysical modeling decision support tools fertilizer golf growth potential nitrogen nitrogen efficiency turfgrass

Enduring association between irritable bowel syndrome and war trauma during the nicaragua civil war period:A population-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第45期29卷 5953-5961页

作者： Edgar M Peña-Galo Daniel Wurzelmann Javier Alcedo Rodolfo Peña Loreto Cortes douglas Morgan Department of Digestive Diseases Miguel Servet University HospitalZaragoza 50009AragonSpain Javier Alcedo Aragon Health Research InstituteIIS AragonZaragoza 50009AragonSpain Department of Mental Health Carolina PartnersDurhamNC 27707United States Department of Data Analysis CIDE(ResearchDevelopment and Epidemiology Center)Tegucigalpa 11101Francisco MorazánHonduras School of Medicine National Autonomous University of NicaraguaLeon 21000LeonNicaragua Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology UAB University of Alabama BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States School of Medcine The University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 9500United States

BACKGROUnD Psychosocial and physical trauma are known risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),including in war veterans,whereas war exposure in civilians is *** experienced two wars,1970-1990:The Sandinistas Revolution(1970s)and The Contra War(1980s).Our aim was to investigate the role of exposure to war trauma in the subsequent development of IBS in the context of an established health surveillance system(11000 households).AIM To investigate in a civilian population the relationship between exposure to war trauma and events and the subsequent development of IBS in the context of an established public health and demographic surveillance system in western *** We conducted a nested population-based,cross-sectional study focused on functional gastrointestinal disorders based on Rome II criteria.1617 adults were randomly *** Spanish Rome II Modular Questionnaire and Harvard Trauma Questionnaire were validated in *** exposure was assessed with 10 measures of direct and indirect war trauma and post-war *** exposures were defined by≥3 *** The prevalence of IBS was 15.2%[Female(F)17.1%,Male(M)12.0%],war exposure 19.3%(F 9.3%,M 36.7%),and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)5.6%(F 6.4%,M 4.3%).Significant associations with IBS in the civilian population were observed(adjusted by gender,age,socioeconomic status,education):physical and psychological abuse[adjusted odds ratio(aOR):2.25;95%confidence interval:1.1-4.5],witnessed execution(aOR:2.4;1.1-5.2),family member death(aOR:2.2;1.2-4.2),and multiple exposures(aOR:2.7;1.4-5.1).PTSD was independently associated with IBS(aOR:2.6;1.2-5.7).COnCLUSIOn An enduring association was observed in the nicaragua civilian population between specific civil war-related events and subsequent *** populations in regions with extended armed conflict may warrant provider education and targeted interventions for patients.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Functional gastrointestinal disorders War trauma Civil war Post-traumatic stress disorder Central America