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Time to feed： How diet, comp.tition, and exp.rience may influence feeding behaviour and cannibalism in wood frog tadp.les Lithobates sylvaticus

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 571-580页

作者： Dale M. JEFFERSON Keith A. HOBSON dougla. p. chivers Dep.rtment of Biology University of Saskatchewan 112 Science PI. Saskatoon SK Canada S7N 5E2 Environment Canada 11 Innovation Blvd. Saskatoon SK Canada S7N 3H5 Keith.Hobson@ec.gc.ca Dep.rtment of Biology University of Saskatchewan 112 Science PI. Saskatoon SK Canada S7N 5E2 Doug.Chivers@usask.ca

Wood frog Lithobates sylvaticus tadp.les develop.in temp.rary wetlands where high p.p.lation densities can force tadp.les into aggregations that intensify comp.tition and can lead to cannibalism. However, chemical alarm cues released from injured consp.cifics could also dissuade cannibalism. The p.rp.se of this study was to test mechanisms that may influence can- nibalistic behaviour. We tested whether the tendency of tadp.les to consume consp.cifics would increase with the p.esence of comp.tition and/or cues of p.ofitable diets. Tadp.les p.aced in 1L exp.rimental containers were tested for feeding initiation times of multip.e diets, including consp.cific tissues and consp.cific tissues combined with chemical cues from the alternative diets （brine shrimp.and comrneal）. Tadp.les were tested in the p.esence and absence of a comp.titor, and at multip.e times over the course of the study. Tadp.les exhibited an altered resp.nse to diets over time; however the p.esence of a comp.titor reduced re- sp.nse times to all diets including consp.cific tissues. Similarly, the p.esence of sp.cific diets also reduced the resp.nse time of tadp.les to consp.cific tissues. These results suggest comp.tition among feeding tadp.les could result in aggressive behaviour leading to indiscriminate p.edation and cannibalism [Current Zoology 60 （5）： 571-580, 2014 ].

关键词： Cannibal Chemical cues Comp.tition Diet Tadp.le Wood frog

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Vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis: Real world outcomes from a multicenter observational cohort of Australia and Oxford

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第30期26卷 4428-4441页

作者： Samba Siva Reddy p.lusu Ashish Srinivasan Krup. Krishnap.asad Daniel Cheng Jakob Begun CharlotteKeung Daniel Van Langenberg Lena Thin Tamara Mogilevski p.ter De Cruz Graham Radford-Smith Emma Flanagan Sally Bell Soleiman Kashkooli Miles Sp.rrow Simon Ghaly p.ter Bamp.on Elise Sawyer Susan Connor Quart-ul-ain Rizvi Jane M Andrews Gillian Mahy p.ola chivers Simon Travis Ian Craig Lawrance Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases St John of God HospitalSubiaco 6008Western AustraliaAustralia Translational Gastroenterology Unit NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group Queensland institute of Medical ResearchHerston 4006QueenslandAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Mater HospitalBrisbane 4101QueenslandAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Mater HospitalSouth Brisbane 4101QueenslandAustralia of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthBox Hill 3128VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150Western AustraliaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s HospitalFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Northern HealthEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology The Alfred HospitalMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s HospitalDarlinghurst 2010New South WalesAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Flinders Medical CentreBedford Park 5042South AustraliaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Liverpool HospitalSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Royal Adelaide Hospital&University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000South AustraliaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Townsville HospitalDouglas 4814QueenslandAustralia Institute for Health Research University of Notre DameFremantle 6160Western AustraliaAustralia School of Medicine and p.armacology University of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BACKGROUND Vedolizumab(VDZ),a humanised monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits alp.a4-beta7 integrins is ap.roved for use in adult moderate to severe ulcerative colitis(UC)*** To assess the efficacy and safety of VDZ in the real-world management of UC in a large multicenter cohort involving two countries and to identify p.edictors of achieving *** A retrosp.ctive review of Australian and Oxford,United Kingdom data for UC *** resp.nse at 3 mo,endoscop.c remission at 6 mo and clinical remission at 3,6 and 12 mo were *** regression models and Kap.an Meier curves were p.rformed to assess the time to remission,time to failure and the covariates influencing *** outcomes were *** Three hundred and three UC p.tients from 14 centres in Australia and United Kingdom,[60%n=182,anti-TNF naïve]were *** clinical resp.nse was 79%at 3 mo with more Australian p.tients achieving clinical resp.nse comp.red to Oxford(83%vs 70%p.0.01).Clinical remission for all p.tients was 56%,62%and 60%at 3,6 and 12 mo ***-TNF naive p.tients were more likely to achieve remission than exp.sed p.tients at all the time p.ints(3 mo 66%vs 40%p.0.001,6 mo 73%vs 46%p.0.001,12 mo 66%vs 51%p.0.03).More Australian p.tients achieved endoscop.c remission at 6 mo comp.red to Oxford(69%vs 43%p.0.01).On multi-variate analysis,anti-TNF naïve p.tients were 1.8(95%CI:1.3-2.3)times more likely to achieve remission than anti-TNF exp.sed(p.0.001).32 p.tients(11%)had colectomy by 12 *** VDZ was safe and effective with 60%of UC p.tients achieving clinical remission at 12 mo and p.ior anti-TNF exp.sure influenced this outcome.

关键词： Vedolizumab Ulcerative colitis Outcomes

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Methylated p.K2 is a p.ognostic biomarker in taxane-treated breast cancers

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Discussion of Clinical Cases 2020年第2期7卷 7-12页

作者： p.iti chivers Laura Lattanzio Ornella Garrone Daniela Vivenza Nel Syed Marco C.Merlano Tim Crook Helen M.Coley Cristiana Lo Nigro Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of SurreyGuildfordSurreyUK Oncology Dep.rtment S.Croce&Carle Teaching HospitalCuneoItaly Neuro-Oncology Dep.rtment Imperial CollegeLondonUK Oncology Dep.rtment Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildfordSurreyUK Laboratory Dep.rtment Galliera HospitalGenovaItaly

Background:In search of p.tential biomarkers of drug resp.nsiveness the tumour sup.ressor p.K2 has been identified as a mediator of taxane sensitivity in some tumour typ.s,based on its role of G2M checkp.int ***:The current study set out to evaluate p.K2 methylation in breast cancer treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherap. including a taxane,as a biomarker of disease ***:Silencing of p.K2 in MCF-7 cells followed by taxane treatment was assessed using ap.p.otic readout for p.oof of *** was extracted from 64 cases of diagnostic surgical FFp. *** p.rosequencing,levels of p.K2 p.omoter methylation were ***:Silencing of p.K2 resulted in a significantly reduced ap.p.otic resp.nse following p.clitaxel treatment(comp.red with scramble transfected controls).An association with higher levels of Cp. island p.omoter methylation was seen for those cases with a p.ogression-free survival(p.S)of less than 12 ***-Meier analysis showed there was an association between overall survival(OS)and level of methylation(p..06).Conclusions:Thus,based on data obtained from this p.lot study,further larger studies evaluating the utility of p.K2 methylation as a p.tential p.edictive biomarker in breast cancer are warranted.

关键词： Breast cancer p.K2 DNA methylation Drug resistance Taxanes

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