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Antibody switch AIDed by pyruvate

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Life Metabolism 2024年第2期3卷 1-2页

作者： Haoming Luan tiffany Horng School of Life Sciences and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Metabolism is mobilized to meet the biosynthetic,bioenergetic,and regulatory demands of immune cell *** nothing is known about the metabolic basis of antibody class switch in B cells.A recent study published in Nature Communications through a joint effort by Chen Lab(metabolism biology)and Liu Lab(B cell biology)from Tsinghua University reveals that the monocarboxylate carrier MCT1(monocarboxylate transporter 1)promotes pyruvate oxidation and histone acetylation to support class switch recombination(CSR),the process by which B cells make antibodies of different isotypes with unique effector functions.

关键词： functions. activation Almost

Molecular insights of exercise therapy in disease prevention and treatment

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2564-2597页

作者： David Walzik tiffany Y.Wences Chirino Philipp Zimmer Niklas Joisten Division of Performance and Health(Sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund University44227 DortmundNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Division of Exercise and Movement Science Institute for Sport ScienceUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenLower SaxonyGermany

Despite substantial evidence emphasizing the pleiotropic benefits of exercise for the prevention and treatment of various diseases,the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully *** exercise benefits have been attributed to signaling molecules that are released in response to exercise by different tissues such as skeletal muscle,cardiac muscle,adipose,and liver *** signaling molecules,which are collectively termed exerkines,form a heterogenous group of bioactive substances,mediating inter-organ crosstalk as well as structural and functional tissue *** scientific endeavors have focused on identifying and characterizing new biological mediators with such ***,some investigations have focused on the molecular targets of exerkines and the cellular signaling cascades that trigger adaption processes.A detailed understanding of the tissue-specific downstream effects of exerkines is crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise and improve targeted exercise programs in health and ***,we review the current in vivo evidence on exerkine-induced signal transduction across multiple target tissues and highlight the preventive and therapeutic value of exerkine signaling in various *** emphasizing different aspects of exerkine research,we provide a comprehensive overview of(i)the molecular underpinnings of exerkine secretion,(ii)the receptor-dependent and receptor-independent signaling cascades mediating tissue adaption,and(iii)the clinical implications of these mechanisms in disease prevention and treatment.

关键词： prevention treatment collective

Long-term olfactory loss post-COVID-19:Pathobiology and potential therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 148-155页

作者： Sarah Kim John B.Finlay tiffany Ko Bradley J.Goldstein Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Medical Scientist Training Program Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Neurobiology Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

An acute loss of smell emerged as a striking symptom present in roughly half of the people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus in the early phases of the COVID-19 *** most COVID-19 patients,olfaction recovers over the course of a few ***,a lasting partial or complete loss of smell,often associated with distorted olfactory perceptions termed parosmia,has emerged as a widespread problem impacting at least 5%-10%of those who experience anosmia due to *** inability to offer effective therapies to this hyposmic or anosmic population,comprising millions of patients,highlights an enormous unmet need for the medical ***,we summarize the current understanding of the pathobiology causing acute olfactory loss due to SARS-CoV-2 infection,focusing on how the virus interacts with the peripheral olfactory system,a major site of viral *** also explore the problem of long-COVID olfactory dysfunction,which may accompany other persistent systemic disorders collectively termed postacute sequelae of ***,we discuss an emerging model focused on unresolved immune cell activity driving ongoing ***,we review current and future therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring olfactory function.

关键词： hyposmia inflammation long-COVID parosmia

A cross-sectional study of breastfed infants referred for tongue tie assessment and frenotomy in one Canadian health region

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第1期8卷 53-60页

作者： tiffany A.Lee Jessica Bishop Anne Drover William K.Midodzi Laurie K.Twells School of Pharmacy Memorial University of Newfoundland(MUN)St.John’sCanada Faculty of Medicine Memorial University of Newfoundland(MUN)St.John’sCanada

Importance:Tongue tie(TT)is a condition that can cause infant feeding difficulties due to restricted tongue *** TT presents as a significant barrier to breastfeeding,a frenotomy may be *** accepted diagnostic criteria for TT are lacking and wide prevalence estimates are *** referral processes and a Frenotomy Assessment Tool were implemented in one Canadian health region to connect breastfeeding dyads with a provider for TT evaluation and ***:To determine the proportion of babies with TT as well as the frequency of ***:This cross-sectional study included infants who initiated breastfeeding at birth and were referred for TT evaluation over a 14-month *** were collected retrospectively by chart review and analyzed using *** associated with frenotomy were examined using logistic ***:Two hundred and forty-one babies were ***-two percent(n=222)were diagnosed with TT and 66.0%(n=159)underwent *** the multivariate model,nipple pain/trauma,inability to latch,inability to elevate tongue,and dimpling of tongue on extension were associated with frenotomy(P<0.05).Most referrals in our region resulted in a diagnosis of TT;however,the number of referrals was lower than expected,and of these two-thirds underwent ***:TT is a relatively common finding among breastfed *** research should examine whether a simplified assessment tool containing the four items associated with frenotomy in our multivariate model can identify breastfed infants with TT who require frenotomy.

关键词： Breastfeeding Nutrition Community health services Pediatrics

Comparison of trigeminal lateralization with differing stimulants

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 66-69页

作者： tiffany Chen Nicolas S.Poupore Michael C.Shih Thomas S.Edwards Shaun A.Nguyen Zachary M.Soler Rodney J.Schlosser Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Trigeminal-specific stimulants have been shown to activate different receptors preferentially and this likely accounts for variation in sensory *** is unclear whether trigeminal sensitivity is similar across different transient receptor potential(TRP)receptors or if dysfunction of different receptors results in differing patient ***,a prospective cohort study was conducted,consisting of trigeminal lateralization testing with three different stimulants(eucalyptol,isothiocyanate,acetic acid),olfaction testing with Sniffin'Sticks,and measurement of various patient‐reported outcome measures(PROMs).A total of 50 participants were enrolled across the olfactory *** TDI score was 27.1±8.3(range 7.0–39.5)with 38%normosmic and 62%*** trigeminal lateralization scores out of 20 in the overall cohort were 16.18(2.78)for eucalyptol,14.94(3.49)for mustard oil,and 15.28(3.68)for *** showed a significant correlation with threshold scores of Sniffin'Sticks.A significant correlation was found between acetic acid and various *** of the lateralization scores of the trigeminal stimulants correlated to each other significantly and there was no correlation to *** lack of correlation suggests that the measured sensitivity of one type of TRP receptor may not translate to similar sensitivity of the other *** investigations with TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists are needed to corroborate our findings.

关键词： chemosensory olfaction trigeminal TRP receptor

COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.Pedlar Shane C.Burgess Michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard J.Simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb ***:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

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地球科学的大数据、数字孪生与水文学

水利信息化 2024年第4期 99-100页

作者： tiffany C.Vance Thomas Huang Kevin A.Butler 包鑫如(编译) 不详

地球科学是研究地球物理、化学和生物系统及其相互作用的庞大而复杂的领域。随着基于地球和卫星的传感器数量和分辨率的提高,地球科学数据的体量呈爆炸式增长,这些数据有助于我们探索地球的复杂现象和变化过程,并推动数据分析、可视化... 详细信息

地球科学是研究地球物理、化学和生物系统及其相互作用的庞大而复杂的领域。随着基于地球和卫星的传感器数量和分辨率的提高,地球科学数据的体量呈爆炸式增长,这些数据有助于我们探索地球的复杂现象和变化过程,并推动数据分析、可视化等技术的发展。将地球科学中的大数据定义为对地球系统开展多种观测和模拟而得到的大量、多样且不断积累的复杂数据,这些数据的分析与应用不仅需要大量可用的计算资源,还需要先进的技术和工具。随着大数据和人工智能的应用与发展,用于发现、分析和可视化大数据的技术和工具不断涌现,如Google Earth Engine,Apache Science Data Analytic Platform,The Pangeo Project等,这些平台具有广泛的地理空间数据和计算能力,显著提升了对地球系统的认知水平。

关键词：大数据人工智能地球科学传感器数量复杂数据地理空间数据 Apache 计算能力

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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKM supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda Mackenzie M.Lieberman Caitlin M.James Shivana M.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew M.Intlekofer Richard M.Higashi Teresa W.M.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the M1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKM2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKM alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKM2

From Darkness to Light: A Student’s Journey from Illness to Her True Passion

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2018年第1期1卷 37-39页

作者： tiffany Takahashi Augusta University GAUSA

Yin and yang are the dark-bright,polar opposites that cannot exist without each *** like Rachel Clay’s passion for Chinese language and culture wouldn’t exist if it weren’t for the pain she endured.

关键词： Illness true passion yin and yang