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Characterization of maize leaf pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase using high throughput sequencing

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 670-690页

作者： Yuling Zhang Rita Giuliani Youjun Zhang Yang Zhang Wagner Luiz Araujo Baichen Wang Peng Liu Qi Sun Asaph Cousins Gerald edwards Alisdair Fernie Thomas P. Brutnell Pinghua Li State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Agronomic Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 China School of Biological Sciences Molecular Plant Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4236 USA Max-Planck-lnsitut for Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 1 Potsdam-Golm D-14476 Germany Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Nebraska USA Photosynthesis Research Center Key Laboratory of Photobiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 20 Nanxincun Xiangshan Beijing 100093 China Department of Statistics iowa State University Ames iowa 50011 USA Computational Biology Service Unit Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center Cornell University ithaca New York 14850 USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St. Louis Missouri 63132 USA

In C4 photosynthesis, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase （PPDK） catalyzes the regeneration of phospho- enolpyruvate in the carbon shuttle pathway. Although the biochemical function of PPDK in maize is well characterized, a genetic analysis of PPDK has not been reported. In this study, we use the maize transposable elements Nlutator and Ds to generate multiple mutant alleles of PPDK. Loss-of- function mutants are seedling lethal, even when plants were grown under 2% CO2, and they show very low capacity for CO2 assimilation, indicating C4 photosynthesis is essential in maize. Using RNA-seq and GC-MS technologies, we exam- ined the transcriptional and metabolic responses to a deficiency in PPDK activity. These results indicate loss of PPDK results in downregulation of gene expression ofenzymes of the C4 cycle, the Calvin cycle, and components of photochemistry. Furthermore, the loss of PPDK did not change Kranz anatomy, indicating that this metabolic defect in the C4 cycle did not impinge on the morphological differentiation of C4 characters. However, sugar metabolism and nitrogen utilization were altered in the mutants. An interaction between light intensity and genotype was also detected from transcriptome profiling, suggesting altered transcriptional and metabolic responses to environmental and endogenous signals in the PPDK mutants.

关键词： Characterization of maize leaf pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase using high throughput sequencing

Role of regenerating islet-derived proteins in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第21期26卷 2702-2714页

作者： Jodi-Ann edwards Nicholas Tan Nadlie Toussaint Peiqi Ou Cathy Mueller Albert Stanek Vladimir Zinsou Sean Roudnitsky Michelle Sagal Lisa Dresner Alexander Schwartzman Chongmin Huan Department of Surgery State University of New YorkDownstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNY 11203United States College of Medicine State University of New YorkDownstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNY 11203United States MCB program School of Graduate StudiesState University of New YorkDownstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNY 11203United States Department of Surgery and Cell Biology State University of New YorkDownstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNY 11203United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is an inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that affects millions of patients *** has a complex and multifactorial etiology leading to excessive exposure of intestinal epithelium to microbial antigens,inappropriate activation of the immune system and ultimately to the damage of intestinal *** numerous efforts have been made to improve the disease management,IBD remains persistently recurring and beyond *** is due largely to the gaps in our understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD that hamper the development of timely diagnoses and effective ***,some recent discoveries,including the beneficial effects of interleukin-22(IL-22)on the inflamed intestine,have shed light on a self-protective mechanism in *** islet-derived(REG/Reg)proteins are small secretory proteins which function as IL-22’s downstream *** studies have demonstrated that IBD patients have significantly increased REG expressions in the injured intestine,but with undefined mechanisms and *** reported functions of REG/Reg proteins in intestinal homeostasis,such as those of antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and tissue repair,lead us to discuss their potential mechanisms and clinical relevance in IBD in order to advance IBD research and management.

关键词： Regenerating islet-derived proteins Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Interleukin-22 Intestinal bacteria

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医务人员的放射防护

国外医学（放射医学核医学分册） 1991年第1期15卷 17-19页

作者： Hendee WR edwards FM 赵岩

医务人员构成了从事放射性工作的最大部分,尽管在过去二十年中医务人员人数增加了约50%,但他们的集体剂量当量却稳步减少.其变化的因素包括显像检查步骤的变化,对病人给药方式的变化及设备的更新等.为更有效地利用放射性和显示放射性信... 详细信息

医务人员构成了从事放射性工作的最大部分,尽管在过去二十年中医务人员人数增加了约50%,但他们的集体剂量当量却稳步减少.其变化的因素包括显像检查步骤的变化,对病人给药方式的变化及设备的更新等.为更有效地利用放射性和显示放射性信息,显像检查进入非放射性学科及非医院设施内,以及从经济负担和法律上考虑来决定病人的治疗及保健等趋势,可能最终会影响到医务人员的放射性照射.

关键词：放射防护医务人员

Longitudinal monitoring for the emergence of epidermal growth factor C797S resistance mutations in non-small cell lung cancer using blood-based droplet digital PCR

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 912-916页

作者： Mark Bowling Hyder Arastu Victoria edwards Leisa Jackson Scott Thurston Jordan Reese Hestia Mellert Gary Pestano Paul Walker East Carolina University Mail Stop 628Internal Medicine-Hematology/OncologyGreenvilleNC 27834USA Biodesix Inc.2970 Wilderness PlaceBoulderCO 80301USA.

Validation of assays for the C797S mutation as a biomarker for osimertinib resistance is promising in guiding treatment decision-making for multidrug resistant non-small cell lung cancer. A newly developed droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay was used to retrospectively evaluate the emergence of the C797S mutation in six remnant plasma samples in this case report. It was found that the detected emergence of C797S clearly correlated with clinical signs of treatment resistance. Had these data been available to aid treatment selection in real time, there would have been hope for recaptured disease response and control instead of treatment cessation. The results of this study show that highly sensitive ddPCR methods can be used for the monitoring of emergent epidermal growth factor somatic variant mutations in circulation.

关键词： Epidermal growth factor non-small cell lung cancer C797S drug resistance

The Homo sapiens Cave hominin site of Mulan Mountain,Jiangzhou District,Chongzuo,Guangxi with emphasis on its age

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第21期54卷 3848-3856页

作者： JIN ChangZhu PAN WenShi ZHANG YingQi CAI YanJun XU QinQi TANG ZhiLu WANG Wei WANG Yuan LIU JinYi QIN DaGong R. Lawrence edwards CHENG Hai Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710075 China Natural History Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning 530012 China Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

One of the most hotly debated and frontal issues in paleoanthropology focuses on the origins of modern humans. Recently, an incomplete hominin mandible with a distinctly weaker mental protuberance than modern human and a great variety of coexisting fossil mammals were unearthed from the Homo sapiens Cave of Mulan Mountain, Chongzuo, Guangxi. The mammalian fauna from the Homo sapiens Cave characterized by the combination of Elephas kiangnanensis, first occurring Elephas maixmus, and Megatapirus augustus, and strikingly different from the Early Pleistocene Gigantopithecus fauna and the Middle Pleistocene Ailuropoda-Stogodon fauna of South China could be regarded as an early representive of the typical Asian elephant fauna. Faunal analysis, biostratigraphic correlation, and, most importantly, U-series dating all consistently support an estimate of ca. 110 ka for the age of the fossil Homo sapiens and coexisting mammalian fauna, that is, the early Late Pleistocene. The fauna is mainly made up of tropical-subtropical elements, but grassland elements have a much greater variety than forest elements, which probably indicates a drier climate at that time. This discovery of early Homo sapiens at the Mulan Mountain will play a significant role in the study of the origin and its environmental background of modern humans.

关键词：早期智人木兰人族广西年龄现代人类起源哺乳动物化石哺乳动物群

Extended time improves reading comprehension test scores for adolescents with ADHD

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2011年第3期1卷 79-87页

作者： Thomas edwards Brown Philipp Christian Reichel Donald Michael Quinlan 不详

Objective: To test the hypotheses that reading comprehension difficulties of adolescent students with ADHD: 1) are related not so much to weak verbal abilities or weak basic reading skills, as to impairments of working memory and processing speed characteristic of ADHD;and 2) that extended time on a test of reading comprehension would yield significantly higher reading comprehension scores than would standard time. Method: Charts of 145 adolescents 13-18 years diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD and no specific reading disorder after a comprehensive clinical and psycho-educational evaluation, were reviewed to extract 1) word reading and word attack subtest scores from the Woodcock-Johnson Achievement Test or the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test;2) Index scores from WISC-IV or WAIS-III IQ tests;3) scores from the Nelson-Denny Reading Test. Results: Mean index scores for verbal comprehension abilities not including reading were in the high average range, but working memory and processing speed index scores were significantly weaker. Under standard time limits 53% were unable to complete the reading comprehension test and only 42.8% were able to score within 1 SD of their IQ verbal comprehension index (VCI). When allowed extended time, 77.9% were able to score within 1 SD of their VCI. T-test comparisons between standard time and extended time were significant at < 0.001. Conclusions: Allowing extended time for adolescents with ADHD to complete tests involving reading may help to compensate for their impairments of working memory and processing speed, allowing them to score closer to their actual verbal abilities.

关键词： ADHD Reading Comprehension Extended Time Working Memory Processing Speed

Executive function impairments in high IQ children and adolescents with ADHD

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2011年第2期1卷 56-65页

作者： Thomas edwards Brown Philipp Christian Reichel Donald Michael Quinlan 不详

Objective: To demonstrate that high IQ children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD tend to suffer from executive function (EF) impairments that: a) can be identified with a combination of standardized measures and normed self-report data;and b) occur more frequently in this group than in the general population. Method: From charts of 117 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years with high IQ ( ≥ 120) who fully met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD, data on 8 normed measures of executive function (EF) were extracted: IQ index scores for working memory and processing speed, a standardized measure of auditory verbal memory, and 5 clusters of the Brown ADD Scale, a normed, age-graded rating scale for ADHD-related executive function impairments in daily life. Significant impairment was computed for each individual relative to age-appropriate norms for each measure and comparisons were made to base-line rates in the general population. Results: Sixty-two percent of participants were significantly impaired on at least 5 of these 8 markers of EF. Chi-square comparisons of scores from these high IQ participants were significantly different (p < 0.001) from standardization norms for each of the eight EF measures. Conclusions: High IQ children and adolescents with ADHD, despite their cognitive strengths, tend to suffer from significant impairments of executive functions that can be assessed with these measures;incidence of these impairments is significantly greater than in the general population. These results are fully consistent with data on high IQ adults diagnosed with ADHD.

关键词： ADHD Executive Functions High IQ Working Memory Processing Speed

Characterization of Fluoride Phosphors for Diode Pumped Solid-State Lighting Applications

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2018年第8期8卷 288-300页

作者： Bommareddi Rami Reddy Kristopher Liggins Vernessa M. edwards Department of Physics Alabama A & M University Normal AL USA

Phosphor coated diodes are critical to the lighting industry. Rare-earth doped fluoride phosphors are characterized in this work. Spectroscopy and lifetime measurements of CaF2: Dy3+, LaF3: Eu3+ and Tb3+-doped LaF3 and CaF2 crystals were performed by irradiating the samples with 405 and 375 nm diode lasers. Chromaticity diagrams are developed from spectral measurements. Dy3+-doped CaF2 revealed bright white light emission having peaks at 492, 570 and 654 nm. The measured color coordinates are x = 0.322 and y = 0.340 for Dy3+-doped CaF2 and these values are close to those of sunlight and the coordinated color temperature is 6147 K, under 405 m laser excitation. Eu3+-doped LaF3 revealed twenty emission peaks in the visible wavelength region. The color coordinates measured for LaF3: Eu3+ are x = 0.283 and y = 0.293 under 405 nm diode laser excitation and the color temperature is 9557 K. Eu3+-doped LaF3 provides cool white-light, under 405 nm diode laser excitation. Tb3+-doped fluoride crystals revealed bright white light under low power diode laser excitation. The measured color coordinates for Tb3+-doped CaF2 are x = 0.329 and y = 0.558 and the color temperature is 7713 K. The color coordinates for LaF3: Tb3+ are x = 0.342 and y = 0.365 and the coordinated color temperature is 5370 K. These values are close to those of sunlight.

关键词： Rare-Earth Spectroscopy White-Light Emission Color Coordinates Coordinated Color Temperature Fluoride Materials Laser Induced Fluorescence Europium Terbium Dysprosium Ions

High-resolution stalagmite δ^(13)C record of soil processes from southwestern China during the early MIS 3

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2013年第3期56卷 796-802页

作者： LIU DianBing WANG YongJin CHENG Hai edwards R L College of Geography Science Nanjing Normal University Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Geology and Geophysics University of MinnesotaMinneapolis

Knowledge of the evolution of pedogenic processes in the carbonate area is important to understand the dynamics of rock desertification.A precisely-dated stalagmite δ13C record between 61.3 and 50.5 ka BP from southwestern China,potentially related to soil biogenic CO2 production,shifts within a narrow range between -9‰ and -7‰,and exhibits a prominent cycle of 350-470 a,independent of the Asian monsoon *** indicates that a threshold effect might control the amplitude of calcite δ13C variability,likely associated with the vertical soil loss in the carbonate *** periodic δ13C changes reflect that the loss/recovery of soil cover can operate on centennial ***,the rock desertification in southwestern China might at least initiate 60 ka ago and should be of natural origin.

关键词： Wulu Cave stalagmites stable carbon isotope centennial changes soil processes