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Impact of Smart Valley on Soil Moisture Content and Rice Yield in Some Lowlands in Burkina Faso

Agricultural Sciences 2020年第9期11卷 860-868页

作者： Bama Nati Aïssata Delphine dossou yovo elliott Gbané Mahanat Vanessa Gnépi Elvire Soulama Issa Ibrahima Ouedraogo Adama Ouédraogo Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Département de Production Végétale INERA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) Cotonou Benin Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement Laboratoire Eaux Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Agricole Polyvalent de Martourkou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

To reduce the impact of rainfall variability on lowland rice yields, Burkina Faso state develops lowlands for small rice farmers. However, the high cost of these infrastructures makes impossible to duplicate them to satisfy the needs which are enormous. The Smart-Valley technology which is actually popularized in certain coastal countries of West Africa would therefore be a boon to increase the productivity of the Sudanese lowlands if it well regulates runoff. The object of this study was therefore to know if smart valley technology could increase soil moisture in order to mitigate the impact of drought’s pockets on rice cultivation in the Sudanese lowlands. The experiment takes place in three lowlands during the rainy seasons 2018 and 2019. The climatic data comes from the meteorological stations in the study areas as well as those installed on the sites. The infiltration measurements were carried out using the double Muntz ring. The soil moisture measurement device consisted of a smart valley area of 5 ha and an undeveloped area of 5 ha per site. Sixteen tubes were installed per lowland allowing the humidity to be measured at a depth of 10, 20, 30, 40 cm using a probe. Four rice varieties, Orylux6, FKR62N, FKR19 and FKR64 were tested on plots of 0.25 ha per variety in the smart valley and undeveloped parts. The results showed that the humidity level was 12% higher in the smart-valley plots throughout the cycle compared to the unmanaged area. In addition, humidity decreases rapidly in unmanaged plots as rain becomes increasingly scarce. Finally, the smart-valley development allowed an average increase in rice yields of 21% compared to the average yield of undeveloped plots.

关键词： Smart Valley Soil Moisture Lowland Development Rice Productivity Rain

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Fluctuating Asymmetry of Elopes lacerta (Valenciennes, 1847) Otoliths in the Western African Waters

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2024年第3期14卷 41-62页

作者： Madel Floriane Adjibayo Houeto Marwa Mejri Malek Tazarki Marius Sounouvou Nicolas Andrialovanirina Meriem Ben Ghorbel Pierre dossou-yovo Abdellah Chalh Pierre Quignard Monia Trabelsi Kélig Mahé Laboratory of Ecology Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia Institute of Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin IFREMER Unit HMMN Halieutic Resources Laboratory Boulogne-sur-Mer France Laboratory for Research into the Processing and Conservation of Fishery Products (LAREPROH) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Unit of Population Genetics and Biological Resources Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia Laboratoire dIchtyologie Universit Montpellier Montpellier France

The importance of this study lies in the in-depth exploration of the ecological diversity of otoliths in Elopes lacerta, based on the analysis of data from 260 individuals collected from various sites, including the Porto Novo lagoon, the Cotonou lagoon, Lake Nokou, and the Atlantic coast in southern Benin. The results highlight significant variations in otolith morphology, establishing relevant links with the biological parameters of the fish at each site. Exploration of the asymmetry between the right and left sides reveals notable distinctions between these two aspects. Analysis of otolith shape thus emerges as a valuable tool for discriminating between stocks and providing a better understanding of ecological variations. The local diversity observed highlights the crucial importance of implementing adaptive management strategies to ensure effective conservation of the species and its habitat.

关键词： Analysis Porto-Novo Lagoon Cotonou Lagoon Lake Nokoué Coast Atlantic

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Influence of Metabolic Syndrome in Low Back Pain in Benin People

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 153-157页

作者： Zomalheto Zavier Gounongbe Marcelle dossou-yovo Hilaire Rheumatology Department of National Hospital University Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Benin

Objective: To determine the frequency and impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with low back pain in rheumatology unit in Benin. Patients and Methods: Analytic cross-sectional study conducted between June and December 2016 in the rheumatology hospital unit of National Hospital University Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou. 82 patients with mechanical low back pain were selected. The prevalence of MS was defined using the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation 2005. The data were analyzed using epi data and SPSS17.0 software. Results: The mean age was 50.4 ± 14.9 [12 - 90] years. The sex ratio was 0.82. 29.3% patients have met diagnostic criteria for MS. The mean duration of back pain was 40 ± 17.2 [3 - 120] days. Diseases associated with low back pain were as follow: lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration (34.1%), disk herniation (13.4%), facet joint arthrosis (18.3%), degenerative spondylolisthesis (11%), degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (6.1%) and related forms (17.1%). MS observed in 24 patients was characterized by the frequent association of abdominal obesity (24 cases), arterial hypertension (22 cases), HDL hypocholesterolemia (8 cases), hyperglycemia (12 cases) or hypertriglyceridemia (7 cases). The presence of the MS was associated with a decreased response to the medical treatment (p 0.01). Conclusion: The MS is frequent in patients with low back pain in rheumatology unit at Cotonou and influence the treatment response. The management of these patients must be integrated into a multidisciplinary approach including the rheumatologist and nutritionist.

关键词： Low Back Pain Metabolic Syndrome Cotonou

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Frequency and Risk Factors of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Cotonou (Benin)

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2014年第2期4卷 93-96页

作者： Martin Avimadje Zavier Zomalheto Hilaire dossou-yovo Marcelle Gounongbe National Hospital University of Cotonou Abomey-Calavi Benin

Aim: To determine the frequency and the risk factors of Complex Regional Pain syndrome (CRPS) in Cotonou (Benin). Patients and Méthod: This has been a transversal study carried out over 22 years on files of CRPS infected patients and submitted to rheumatologic consultation in the National Hospital University of Cotonou. Results: 73 out of 17,342 patients examined (0.42%) were suffering from CRPS. Those 73 patients (40 women, 54.8% and 33 men, 45.2%) were in average 54.66 years old and enjoyed an average duration of evolution of 5.79 months. The trauma (41 cases, 56.1%), the stroke (19 cases, 25%), the diabetes (8 cases, 11.3), were the main risk factors that were observed. CRPS was preferably located at the shoulder-hand (34.2%), shoulder (28.8%), wrist-hand (16.4%) and knee (11%). Inflammatory pain was observed in 55 cases. The treatment was dominated by griseofulvina (41 cases, 56.1%), antiinflammatory drugs (38 cases, 52%), analgesic (20 cases, 27, 3%), joint injection by betamethasone (17 cases, 27%). Conclusion: CRPS is not rare in our country. The first risk factor remains the trauma in rheumatologic consultation in Cotonou.

关键词： Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Risk Factor Benin

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Effects of Urban Metabolism on the Well Water Quality in Cotonou (Benin) and Lomé(Togo)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第8期13卷 539-562页

作者： Henri S. Totin Vodounon Koko Z. Houedakor Ernest Amoussou Adrien C. dossou-yovo Department of Geography and Territory Planning University of Parakou Parakou Benin Centre for Integrated Coastal and Environmental Management University of Lomé Lomé Togo Institute of Geography Territory Planning and Environment University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Urban metabolism, a process of material, energy and water flows, consumption or transformation in the cities and outflows of wastes, has impacts on the shallow groundwater. This study addressed the relationship between the urban metabolic system and well water physicochemical and bacteriological quality in the coastal cities of Cotonou and Lomé. A participatory transdisciplinary approach, involving non-academics and academics stakeholders was used to analyse urban inflows and outflows related to groundwater quality. Standard methods were used to measure well water quality from 100 seasonal samples. Waste management revealed poor sanitation and hence a linear urban metabolism with no solid and liquid wastes and excreta recycling. This form of city metabolism reinforced by the seawater inflow is the main source of groundwater quality deterioration in Cotonou and Lomé. The principal water types Ca2+–Mg2+–Cl-– SO2-4 (48.21%), Na+–K+–Cl-–SO2-4 (65.9%) and the Gibbs diagram suggested water-rock interactions and dominance of cations exchange on the hydrogeological compositions, also seasonally controlled by saltwater intrusion or anthropogenic salinization. The water quality index on the range of 35.90 to 169.60 in Cotonou and 82.94 to 364.68 in Lomé indicated well water very poor quality to unsuitable for drinking. Moreover, the bacteriological quality was bad due to total coliforms (112 - 1812;1 - 1000 UFC/100 mL respectively in Cotonou and Lomé), Escherichia coli (40 - 780;1 - 112 UFC/100 mL), faecal enterococci/streptococcus (18 - 736;1 - 118 UFC/100 mL). The findings could help to sustain groundwater quality by controlling the pollution sources linked to urban metabolism.

关键词： Transdisciplinary Linear Urban Metabolism Well Water Pollution Groundwater Security Coastal Cities

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Study of Bacteriological and Parasitological Management Quality of Water in the Villages of Senegal

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第12期7卷 205-217页

作者： Louis Régis dossou-yovo Colette Gomis-Mansaly Isabelle Mady-Goma Dirat Fatoumata Sarr Diene Alioune Badara Ly Ronan Jambou Immunology Clinic and Parasitic Laboratory Institut Pasteur Dakar Senegal Food Security and Environmental Hygiene laboratory Institut Pasteur Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Research of Animal Biology and Ecology ENS Marien N’Gouabi University Brazzaville Congo Epidemiology Service Institut Pasteur Dakar Senegal

A survey on the parasitological and bacteriological management was conducted in two villages in southeastern Senegal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water management modalities in the two villages with ethnic differences and possibly detect factors that could cause waterborne diseases. A questionnaire on water management methods was submitted to one hundred one women drawn in the villages of Dielmo and Ndiop. Samples of well water and water stored in canaries were subjected to both parasitological and bacteriological analysis. In both villages, there was a difference in water management with respect to household configuration (monogamous, polygamous). The containers used for the drawing and storage of water were the same in their two villages. No helminth eggs were found in the drinking water, but bacterial germs, especially faecal coliforms (an indicator of human contamination) and Enterocoques (an indicator of animal contamination). These waters do not comply with WHO standards. So it is important to disinfect them before consumption although no cases of gastroenteritis have been reported.

关键词： Water Management Contamination Helminth Bacteria Dielmo Ndiop Senegal

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Role of NT-proBNP and Troponin I in Assessing the Severity of Pulmonary Embolism

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2023年第4期13卷 461-470页

作者： Agbodandé Kouessi Anthelme Assogba Houénoudé Mickaël Arnaud dossou-yovo Lénaïk Wanvoégbè Finangnon Armand Dansou Eugénie Azon Kouanou Angèle Department of Internal Medicine National Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou Benin Department of Internal Medicine Regional Teaching Hospital of Ouémé-Plateau Porto-Novo Benin

Introduction: Pulmonary embolism is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency that can be life-threatening. Its mortality is largely attributable to severe forms classically defined by clinical and morphological criteria. The aim of this study is to establish the role of two cardiac biomarkers (NT-proBNP and troponin) in assessing the severity of pulmonary embolism. Patients and Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Data collection was retrospective over the period from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2021. All patients hospitalized for pulmonary embolism in two cardiology referral clinics in Cotonou (Atinkanmey Polyclinic and CICA Clinic) were included. Results: The hospital prevalence of pulmonary embolism was 9.08%. The mean age was 52.6 years, with extremes of 18 and 92 years. The sex ratio was 0.73. Pulmonary embolism was severe according to hemodynamic, morphological and sPESI criteria in 12%, 24% and 39% of cases respectively, and mortality was 61.53%. Mean NT-ProBNP and troponin I levels were significantly higher in patients with severe criteria than in those without. NT-proBNP and troponin had good specificity for predicting cardiovascular arrest (99% and 90%), shock (100% and 98%), and hypotension (99% and 96%). NT-proBNP has the best positive predictive values in relation to the occurrence of shock (100%) and right ventricular dilatation (93%). The best correlation coefficient was obtained between right ventricular dilatation and NT-proBNP (0.78). Conclusion: NT-proBNP and troponin I are good biomarkers for predicting the severity of pulmonary embolism and allowing therapeutic adaptation when they are elevated.

关键词： Pulmonary Embolism Mortality NT-proBNP Troponin I

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Contribution of Imaging to the Diagnosis of Non-Traumatic Tendinopathies of the Thoracic Limb in a Resource-Constrained Country

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Open Journal of Radiology 2021年第4期11卷 204-217页

作者： Sonia B. M. G. Adjadohoun Sessi M. H. G. Kiki Maurice M. W. D. Akanni Houlda Tossa Boris Vidégla dossou-yovo Hilaire Kofi-Mensa S. Savi de Tovè Patricia Yèkpè̀ Ahouansou Zavier C. Zomalheto Olivier Biaou Vicentia Boco Department of Medical Imaging Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Department of Regional and Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Medical Imaging Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Rheumatology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Tendinopathy of the thoracic limb (TMT) is frequent, and is responsible for an important socio-professional handicap. Medical imaging, in particular, ultrasound has a major role in contributing to the diagnosis. As the use of ultrasound is recent in osteoarticular pathology, especially in Africa, we proposed to determine the contribution of imaging in the diagnosis of tendinopathy of the thoracic limbs in a country with limited resources. Patients and Method: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of patients with tendinopathy of the thoracic limb who consulted the rheumatology department of the CNHU-HKM of Cotonou from August 6, 2019 to October 6, 2019. We evaluated the concordance of thoracic limb tendinopathy between imaging (radiography and ultrasound) and the clinic on the one hand and then between radiography and ultrasound on the other hand. The analysis of the collected data was carried out with the Epi-info software version 7.***.1.0. Then the concordance was evaluated by the kappa coefficient. Results: Fifty- two (52) patients with 104 joints were evaluated. The average age was 54.92 ± 3.40 years. Clinically, rotator cuff tendinopathy was the most frequent abarticular pathology (45.19%). The clinical-ultrasound agreement was strong (k = 0.7527) for the shoulders, very strong (k = 0.9360) for the elbows and moderate for the wrists (k = 0.6695). The clinical-radiographic agreement was weak (k = 0.2316) at the shoulder level and very weak (k = 0.2087) at the elbow level. The radio-ultrasound agreement was very low in the shoulders (k = 0.1522), elbows (k = 0.1859) and wrists (k = 0.0001). Conclusion: The contribution of imaging in the diagnosis of TMT remains certain even in a country with limited resources like ours. Ultrasound is a reliable examination for the diagnosis of non-traumatic tendinopathy of the thoracic limb with a good clinical-ultra- sound concordance a

关键词： Tendinopathy Thoracic Limb Radio-Clinical Concordance Clinical-Ultrasound Concordance Benin

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