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High energy femt.second mid-infrared generat.on pumped by a t.o-color t.:sapphire mult.pass amplifier

Chinese Science Bullet.n 2008年第5期53卷 664-670页

作者： donna t. st.ickland Depart.ent.of Physics Guelph-Waterloo Physics Institute University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

Int.nse mid-infrared was generat.d by direct.frequency mixing t.o pulses from a dual-wavelengt. t.:sapphire syst.m. From a mult.pass amplifier we generat.d t.o t.nable wavelengt. femt.second pulses wit. a t.t.l energy of 15 mJ. Pulse energy of 1.6 μJ and 7.4 μJ of mid-infrared light.is achieved wit. and wit.out.it. mult.pass amplifier at.9-11 μm, wit. pulse durat.on of 500 fs.

关键词：兰宝石激光器红外激光远红外激光超速激光激光放大器

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Much room for opt.mism on measuring diet. prevent.ng cancer and cardiovascular disease, and correct.ng for measurement.error – discussion of t.e paper by R. L. Prent.ce and Y. Huang

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St.t.st.cal t.eory and Relat.d Fields 2018年第1期2卷 14-20页

作者： donna Spiegelman Harvard t.H.Chan School of Public Healt. BostonMAUSA

I commend *** and Huang(PH)for t.eir cont.nued and longst.nding commit.ent.t. t.e generat.on of knowledge concerning t.e nut.it.onal causes of chronic diseases,and in t.eir dedicat.on t. applying t.eir ext.nsive,and in t.e case of ***,virt.ally unparalleled,expert.se t.wards t.e development.of st.t.st.cal met.ods in t.is regard,t. which t.is paper is one of a long line of such cont.ibut.ons.

关键词： diseases cardiovascular cont.nued

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t.iopurine use associat.d wit. reduced B and nat.ral killer cells in inflammat.ry bowel disease

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World Journal of Gast.oent.rology 2017年第18期23卷 3240-3251页

作者： James D Lord donna M Shows t.anslat.onal Research Program Benaroya Research Institute Gast.oent.rology Division Virginia Mason Medical Center

t. ident.fy which blood and mucosal lymphocyt. populat.ons are specifically deplet.d by t.iopurine use in *** t.iopurines azat.ioprine and 6-mercapt.purine have been a mainst.y of inflammat.ry bowel disease (IBD) t.erapy for decades, but.t.eir mechanism of act.on in vivo remains obscure. Alt.ough t.iopurines are lymphot.xic at.high doses, and have been report.d t. cause t.cell apopt.sis in vit.o, t.eir abilit. t. cont.ol IBD at.lower doses suggest. t.at.t.ey may select.vely deplet. part.cular lymphocyt. populat.ons. Blood cells from 19 IBD pat.ent. on a t.iopurine, 19 IBD pat.ent. not.on a t.iopurine, and 38 mat.hed healt.y cont.ol subject. were analyzed by mult.ple mult.-color flow cyt.met.y panels t. quant.fy t.e immune cell subset. cont.ined t.erein, bot. as a percent.of cells, and as an absolut. cell count. Similar analyses were performed on colon biopsies from 17 IBD pat.ent. on a t.iopurine, 17 IBD pat.ent. not.on a t.iopurine, and 49 healt.y screening colonoscopy *** blood count. revealed lower lymphocyt., but.not.monocyt. or granulocyt., count. in IBD pat.ent. who were t.king t.iopurines at.t.e t.me of sampling. t.is reduct.on was rest.ict.d t. CD3-negat.ve lymphocyt.s, wherein bot. nat.ral killer (NK) and B cells were significant.y reduced among t.iopurine recipient.. Among CD19+ B cells, t.e t.ansit.onal B cells were part.cularly deplet.d, being nearly absent.in bot. blood and colon biopsies of t.iopurine recipient.. No differences were associat.d wit. t.iopurine use in CD8+ t.cells, mucosa-associat.d invariant.t.(MAIt. cells, invariant.nat.ral killer t.(iNKt. cells, gamma/delt. t.cells, t.1, t.17, regulat.ry t.cells (t.egs) or naïve CD4+ t.cells. However, pat.ent. wit. IBD had significant.y more circulat.ng FOXP3+, Helios+ t.egs and fewer iNKt.and MAIt.cells t.an healt.y *** use is associat.d wit. reduced B and NK cell, but.not.t.cell, subpopulat.ons in t.e blood of IBD pat.ent..

关键词： t.iopurine Azat.ioprine Mercapt.purine Lymphocyt. Nat.ral killer cell t.ansit.onal B cell Inflammat.ry bowel disease

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Long-t.rm Environment.l Impact. of Pest.cide and Herbicide Use in Panama Canal Zone

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第9期11卷 403-434页

作者： Kennet. R. Olson donna t.rnoe Professor Emerit.s of Soil Science in t.e Depart.ent.of Nat.ral Resources and Environment.l Sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA Direct.r Veterans of Panama Canal Zone Military Veterans Advocacy Slidell USA

t.e opening of t.e Panama Canal in 1913 t.ansformed ocean-shipping and t.e availabilit. of int.rnat.onally-t.aded goods, short.ned t.avel t.me bet.een t.e Pacific and At.ant.c oceans, increased ship t.nnage, and sparked t.e growt. of port.aut.orit.es on bot. t.e At.ant.c and Pacific coast. of t.e Panama Canal. Hist.rically, t.e Unit.d St.t.s was number one and China was number t.o in t.ns of cargo t.at.pass t.rough t.e canal annually in t.e high st.kes game of import.and export.market.. Prior t. t.e const.uct.on of t.e Panama Canal, t.e most.efficient.way t. cross t.e 82-kilomet.r ist.mus, bet.een t.e Port.of Panama Cit. on t.e Pacific and t.e Port.of Colon on t.e At.ant.c, was by mule t.ails t.rough t.opical forest. and river t.ansport.t.on. Since t.e const.uct.on of t.e Panama Canal t.rough t.opical forest. in t.e 1910s, pest.cides have been essent.al for managing mosquit.es as well as cont.olling wet.and veget.t.on t.at.blocked lakes, rivers and t.e canal. t.e primary objective of this research study is to document the long-term environmental impacts of pesticide and herbicide use in the Panama Canal Zone. Many of these chemicals, including 2, 4,-D, 2, 4, 5-T and DDT, have a long half-life under water and some, like arsenic (As), have no half-life. Pesticides and chemicals flowed int. Lake Gat.n via surface runoff eit.er in solut.on or at.ached t. t.e sediment.during t.e rainy season. t.e by-product.2,3,7,8-t.t.achlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (t.DD) is an unant.cipat.d cont.minant.creat.d during t.e manufact.re of t.e herbicide 2,4,5-t. t.DD can bio-accumulat. in fish and birds and ent.r int. t.e human food supply. t.e ext.nt.of t.e current.chemical and pest.cide cont.minat.on on former U.S. milit.ry base grounds and in Lake Gat.n is unknown. Syst.mat.c soil sampling of current.and former milit.ry bases, chemical disposal sit.s and Lake Gat.n or t.e Panama Canal sediment. is needed t. det.rmine if mit.gat.on is necessary.

关键词： Arsenic Dams DDt Dioxin t.DD 2 4-D 2 4 5-t Howard Air Force Base Hyacint.s Lake Gat.n Locks Mosquit.es Pest.cides t.rmit.s

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金翅雀

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2016年

作者： (美)唐娜·塔特(donna t.rt.)

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瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1在小鼠心肌梗死后炎症中的保护作用

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中华心血管病杂志 2009年第3期37卷 227-232页

作者：雷寒柳青黄玮马康华覃数 donna H.Wang 重庆医科大学附属第一医院心内科 400010 美国密西根州立大学心血管部

目的研究瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1（t.PV1）在心肌梗死（MI）后炎症中的保护作用。方法在t.PV1基因敲除（t.PV1^-/-）小鼠和野生型（Wt.小鼠建立MI模型，监测梗死后第3天的梗死面积、炎症细胞渗透、炎症因子和趋化因子的表达水平、心... 详细信息

目的研究瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1（t.PV1）在心肌梗死（MI）后炎症中的保护作用。方法在t.PV1基因敲除（t.PV1^-/-）小鼠和野生型（Wt.小鼠建立MI模型，监测梗死后第3天的梗死面积、炎症细胞渗透、炎症因子和趋化因子的表达水平、心功能和第7天的生存率。结果t.PV1^-/-小鼠MI后7d内的生存率低于野生型小鼠（62．5％比82．1％，P〈0．05）。MI后第3天：t.PV1-/-小鼠的梗死面积（INF）大于野生型小鼠[INF／危险区面积（AAR）：69．5％±3．1％比40．1％±2．6％，P〈0．05]；t.PV1^-/-小鼠的血浆心肌钙蛋白I水平[（0．98±0．16）ng／ml比（0．58±0．15）ng／ml，P〈0．001]、中性粒细胞[（1142±112）／mm^2比（779±50）／mm^2，P〈0．05]和巨噬细胞渗透[（1098±58）／mm^2比（664±49）／mm^2，P〈0．01]均高于野生型小鼠。t.PV1^-/-小鼠的肿瘤坏死因子（t.F）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-1B、IL-6、巨噬细胞趋化蛋白（MCP）-1和巨噬细胞炎症蛋白（MIP）-2表达也明显高于野生型小鼠（均P〈0．05）。此外，与野生型小鼠比较，t.PV1-/-小鼠梗死后收缩末期和舒张末期内径进一步扩大，收缩功能恶化。结论t.PV1基因缺失导致MI后生存率下降，炎症反应增强，心功能恶化，提示t.PV1可能通过抑制炎症和保存心功能而防止梗死扩散和心脏损伤。

关键词：心肌梗死瞬时受体电位通道炎症心室功能

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Magnet.c resonance imaging-guided focused ult.asound t. increase localized blood-spinal cord barrier permeabilit.

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2017年第12期12卷 2045-2049页

作者： Allison H.Payne Gregory W.Hawryluk Yoshimi Anzai Henrik Odéen Megan A.Ost.ie Et.an C.Reichert.Amanda J.St.mp Sat.shi Minoshima donna J.Cross Depart.ent.of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Depart.ent.of Neurosurgery University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA

Spinal cord injury（SCI） affect. t.ousands of people every year in t.e USA, and most.pat.ent. are left.wit. some permanent.paralysis. t.erapeut.c opt.ons are limit.d and only modest.y affect.out.ome. t. address t.is issue, we used magnet.c resonance imaging-guided focused ult.asound（MRg FUS） as a non-invasive approach t. increase permeabilit. in t.e blood-spinal cord barrier（BSCB）. We hypot.esize t.at.localized, cont.olled sonoporat.on of t.e BSCB by MRg FUS will aid delivery of t.erapeut.cs t. t.e injury. Here, we report.our preliminary findings for t.e abilit. of MRg FUS t. increase BSCB permeabilit. in t.e t.oracic spinal cord of a normal rat.model. First. an excised port.on of normal rat.spinal column was used t. charact.rize t.e acoust.c field and t. est.mat. t.e insert.on losses t.at.could be expect.d in an MRg FUS blood spinal cord barrier opening. t.en, in normal rat., MRg FUS was applied in combinat.on wit. int.avenously administ.red microbubbles t. t.e spinal cord region. Permeabilit. of t.e BSCB was indicat.d as signal enhancement.by cont.ast.administ.red prior t. t.-weight.d magnet.c resonance imaging and verified by Evans blue dye. Neurological t.st.ng using t.e Basso, Beat.ie, and Breshnahan scale and t.e ladder walk was normal in 8 of 10 rat. t.st.d. t.o rat. showed minor impairment.indicat.ng need for furt.er refinement.of paramet.rs. No gross t.ssue damage was evident.by hist.logy. In t.is st.dy, we have opened successfully t.e blood spinal cord barrier in t.e t.oracic region of t.e normal rat.spine using magnet.c resonance-guided focused ult.asound combined wit. microbubbles.

关键词： focused ult.asound spinal cord magnet.c resonance imaging cont.ast.enhanced blood-spinalcord barrier

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Organizat.onal commit.ent.and t.rnover int.nt.on among rural nurses in t.e Philippines: Implicat.ons for nursing management

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Int.rnat.onal Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018年第4期5卷 403-408页

作者： Leodoro J.Labrague Denise M.McEnroe-Pet.t.e Konst.nt.nos t.aras Jonas P.Cruz Paolo C.Colet.donna S.Gloe Sult.n Qaboos Universit. MuscatOman Kent.St.t. Universit. t.scarawas USA t.chnological Educat.onal Inst.t.t. of t.essaly LarissaGreece Shaqra Universit. Saudi Arabia Nazarbayev Universit. Kazakhstan Sout.west.Bapt.st.Universit. USA

Object.ves:t.e unrelent.ng migrat.on t.end of Filipino nurses t. ot.er count.ies has t.reat.ned t.e qualit. of pat.ent.care services in t.e *** st.dy explored t.e ext.nt.of nurses'organizat.onal commit.ent.and t.rnover int.nt.on in t.e ***,predict.rs of nurses'organizat.onal commit.ent.and t.rnover int.nt.on were ***:A cross-sect.onal research design was adopt.d for t.is *** hundred nurses from nine rural hospit.ls in t.e Cent.al Philippines were asked t. part.cipat. in t.e st.dy and 166 nurses responded(an 83%response rat.).t.o st.ndardized inst.ument. were used:t.e Organizat.onal Commit.ent.Quest.onnaire and t.e Six-it.m t.rnover Int.nt.on Invent.ry ***:Findings revealed t.at.Philippine nurses were moderat.ly commit.ed(3.13±0.24)t. and were undecided(2.42±0.67)whet.er or not.t. leave t.eir ***'age(P=0.006),gender,(t.-2.25,P=0.026),educat.on(t.2.38,Pt.4.38,Pt.2.18,P=0.031)correlat.d significant.y wit. organizat.onal commit.ent.while nurses'age(P=0.028)and educat.on(t.1.99,P=0.048)correlat.d significant.y wit. t.rnover *** inverse relat.onship was ident.fied bet.een t.e organizat.onal commit.ent.and t.rnover int.nt.on(r=-0.22,P=0.005).Conclusion:t.e findings of t.is st.dy highlight.t.e need for formulat.on and implement.t.on of int.rvent.ons t. promot. life-long commit.ent.in nurses and t. reduce t.rnover rat.s.