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Spatial Load Balancing in Wide-Area Wireless Networks

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ZTE Communications 2011年第4期9卷 49-54页

作者： Kambiz Azarian ravindra Patwardhan Chris Lott donna Ghosh radhika Gowaikar rashid Attar Qualcomm Inc. San Diego CA 92121 U.S.A

Load balancing is typically used in the frequency domain of cellular wireless networks to balance paging, access, and traffic load across the available bandwidth. In this paper, we extend load balancing into the spatial domain, and we develop two approaches--network load balancing and single-carrier multilink--for spatial load balancing. Although these techniques are mostly applied to cellular wireless networks and Wi-Fi networks, we show how they can be applied to EV-DO, a 3G cellular data network. When a device has more than one candidate server, these techniques can be used to determine the quality of the channel between a server and the device and to determine the Ipad on each server. The proposed techniques leverage the advantages of existing EV-DO network architecture and are fully backward compatible. Network operators can substantially increase network capacity and improve user experience by using these techniques. Combining load balancing in the frequency and spatial domains improves connectivity within a network and allows resources to be optimally allocated according to the p-fair criterion. Combined load balancing further improves performance.

关键词： CDMA 2000 EV-DO DO-revC high rate packet data (HrPD) network load balancing (NLB) single-carrier multilink (SCML)

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紫铜等离子体特征谱线及其展宽形成机制

强激光与粒子束 2012年第9期24卷 2117-2120页

作者：姚红兵邢博 donna Strickland 周祝生丁桂林佟艳群平洁李良湾张永康江苏大学机械工程学院江苏镇江212013 Department of Physics Guelph-Waterloo Physics InstituteUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

利用波长为1064nm,最大能量为500mJ的Nd:YAG脉冲激光器对紫铜进行冲击,并且改变激光能量,获得一系列等离子体特征谱线,结果表明:本实验条件下,获得铜原子谱线不完整,只有5条明显激发谱线,分别为:CuⅠ406.33nm,CuⅠ458.69nm,CuⅠ521.8nm... 详细信息

利用波长为1064nm,最大能量为500mJ的Nd:YAG脉冲激光器对紫铜进行冲击,并且改变激光能量,获得一系列等离子体特征谱线,结果表明:本实验条件下,获得铜原子谱线不完整,只有5条明显激发谱线,分别为:CuⅠ406.33nm,CuⅠ458.69nm,CuⅠ521.8nm,CuⅠ529.25nm,CuⅠ578.2nm。根据跃迁原理,得出激光不能使铜原子完全受到激发;选取CuⅠ521.8nm原子光谱与CuⅠ578.2nm的原子光谱谱线线型作为分析对象,发现其展宽线型不同,分别为Lorenz线型与Gauss线型。通过对应线型曲线方程分析得出,同一原子光谱不同波段对应形成光谱展宽机制不同。

关键词：激光诱导等离子体光谱紫铜特征谱线谱线展宽

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金翅雀

英语画刊(高中版) 2018年第18期 3-5页

作者： donna Tartt

《金翅雀》是美国当代著名女作家唐娜·塔特的第三部作品,曾获得普利策小说奖和其他多项荣誉。本书讲述了纽约大都会博物馆发生爆炸,十三岁男孩西奥的母亲丧命,而西奥奇迹般幸存,只能寄住在有钱的同学家。陌生的环境令他不知所措,崭新... 详细信息

《金翅雀》是美国当代著名女作家唐娜·塔特的第三部作品,曾获得普利策小说奖和其他多项荣誉。本书讲述了纽约大都会博物馆发生爆炸,十三岁男孩西奥的母亲丧命,而西奥奇迹般幸存,只能寄住在有钱的同学家。陌生的环境令他不知所措,崭新的人际关系令他倍感挫折,但最令他难以忍受的是失去母亲的伤痛。但他意外拥有了博物馆的名画《金翅雀》。这幅画是他在回忆起母亲时的唯一慰藉,将他带进了幽深黑暗的艺术世界。本文节选自小说第一章。

关键词：金翅雀堪萨斯州

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游戏的力量

作者： (美)Charles E. Schaefer，(美)donna Cangelosi

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The Presence but not the Location of an Appendicolith Affects the Success of Interval Appendectomy in Children with ruptured Appendicitis

1000年

作者： donna C.S. Summers.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Surgical Science 2011年第2期2卷 39-44页

作者： Iyore A. James Stephen Druhan donna A. Caniano Gail E. Besner 不详

Purpose: To determine whether the presence and/or location of an appendicolith can predict failure of initial non-operative management in children with ruptured appendicitis. Methods: A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients presenting with ruptured appendicitis was performed. Patients in whom the intent to treat was with initial non-operative management and interval appendectomy (IA) were selected (n = 117). One patient was excluded due to the presence of both intraluminal and extraluminal appendicoliths. Children who failed initial non-operative management were assigned to the “failure” group (n = 22). Children that improved and underwent elective IA were assigned to the “success” group (n = 94). Age, gender, duration of symptoms, presence of an appendicolith, appendicolith location (intraluminal/extraluminal), presence of a drainable abscess, and complications were reviewed. results: There was an overall 18.8% failure rate for IA. Patients with an appendicolith had a 41.7% failure rate, and patients without an appendicolith had a 13% failure rate (p = 0.003). Patients with intraluminal or extraluminal appendicoliths each had a 41.7% failure rate. The presence or absence of a drainable in-tra-abdominal abscess did not affect the failure rate. Children in the failure group presented to the hospital earlier (6.57 ± 2.59 vs. 10.02 ± 7.21 days;p = 0.030). Conclusions: The presence of an appendicolith increases the likelihood of failure of initial non-operative management of ruptured appendicitis in children;however, the location of the appendicolith is not a predictor of failure.

关键词： ruptured Appendicitis Failure Non-Operative Management Appendicolith

The Identification of Prenatal Exposure to Mitragynine Using Umbilical Cord Tissue

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第4期13卷 162-174页

作者： Mary Ellen Wright donna Coy Joseph Jones Andre Sukta Amy racines Mary Jones Clemson University School of Nursing Greenville SC USA United States Drug Testing Laboratories Des Plaines USA

Objective: Kratom is widely available and literature exploring the effects of prenatal kratom exposure is lacking. This study aims to report a validated method for the detection of mitragynine in the umbilical cord and report our observations for specimens received at a national commercial reference laboratory. Study Design: Assays were validated according to the recommendations of ANSI/ASB. A retrospective evaluation of records at a national reference laboratory was conducted to determine prevalence and co-exposure to other substances of abuse. result: Mitragynine was detected in 19 of 4456 specimens (0.43%) with concentrations ranging from 4 to >50 ng/g. Thirteen (13) of these specimens were positive for only mitragynine while the other 6 were also positive for either marijuana or opiates. Conclusion: Umbilical cord is a suitable specimen type for the surveillance of maternal kratom use and can be used to identify exposed neonates for further investigations into short- or long- term health consequences.

关键词： Kratom Mitragyna Speciose Mitragynine Umbilical Cord Prenatal Exposure Maternal Drug Use

room for improvement: Patterns of referral misdiagnosis to a vascular anomalies center

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第4期3卷 331-336页

作者： Daniel E. Levin Allison L. Speer James r. Pierce donna Nowicki Alex Arkader Philip Stanley Andre Panossian Dean M. Anselmo Vascular Anomalies Center Children’s Hospital Los Angeles University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

Objective: Vascular anomalies are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Errors in diagnosis lead to treatment delay, inappropriate interventions and prolonged suffering. The aim of this study was to analyze patterns of misdiagnosis among patients referred to a vascular anomalies center (VAC). This will better define the problem and may be used to refine and improve referral guidelines for patients with vascular anomalies. Patients and Methods: After IrB approval, we performed a single-center retrospective review of all patients referred to a vascular anomaly between January 1, 2008 and December 15, 2011. Evaluation of both referral and final diagnosis was made. Data regarding accuracy of diagnosis were determined and compared for both vascular tumors and malformations. results: Mean age was 7.9 ± 7.7 (13 days - 66 years). 42% had a correct diagnosis at the time of referral. Vascular tumors were correctly diagnosed more often than vascular malformations (58% vs 38%). The most common misdiagnosis for infantile hemangioma (IH) was venous malformation (VM). The most common misdiagnosis for VM was IH. Nonspecific and historical terms such as “mass”, “lymphangioma”, and “cavernous hemangioma” frequently appear as the referral diagnosis. Conclusion: referral misdiagnosis is common. IH and VM are frequently confused and if there is any uncertainty in the diagnosis, these patients should also be referred to a VAC, in addition to the more complicated anomalies. Outdated nomenclature remains prevalent and continued efforts should be made to adhere to International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification. Improvements in diagnostic accuracy are likely to greatly improve patients’ care.

关键词： Vascular Anomaly Misdiagnosis Venous Malformation Infantile Hemangioma Arteriovenous Malformation Vascular Anomalies Center

Heavy Metals in Soil and Salad in the Proximity of Historical Ferroalloy Emission

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第5期3卷 374-385页

作者： roberta Ferri Filippo donna Donald r. Smith Stefano Guazzetti Annalisa Zacco Luigi rizzo Elza Bontempi Neil J. Zimmerman roberto G. Lucchini Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine University of Brescia Brescia Italy INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory University of Brescia Brescia Italy Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology University of California Santa Cruz USA Public Health Service Reggio Emilia Italy School of Health Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette USA

Emissions of manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) from ferro-alloy operations has taken place in Valcamonica, a pre-Alp valley in the province of Brescia, Italy, for about a century until 2001. Metal concentrations were measured in the soil of local home gardens and in the cultivated vegetables. Soil analysis was carried out using a portable X-ray Fluorescence (XrF) spectrometer in both surface soil and at 10 cm depth. A subset of soil samples (n = 23) additionally was analysed using the modified BCr sequential extraction method and ICP-OES for intercalibration with XrF (XrF Mn = 1.33 * total OES Mn – 71.8;r = 0.830, p Lactuca sativa and Chichorium spp.) were analyzed with a Total reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXrF) technique. Vegetable and soil metal measurements were performed in 59 home gardens of Valcamonica, and compared with 23 gardens from the Garda Lake reference area. results indicate significantly higher levels of soil Mn (median 986 ppm vs 416 ppm), Pb (median 46.1 ppm vs 30.2 ppm), Fe (median 19,800 ppm vs 13,100 ppm) in the Valcamonica compared to the reference area. Surface soil levels of all metals were significantly higher in surface soil compared to deeper soil, consistent with atmospheric deposition. Significantly higher levels of metals were shown also in lettuce from Valcamonica for Mn (median 53.6 ppm vs 30.2) and Fe (median 153 vs 118). Metals in Chichorium spp. did not differ between the two areas. Surface soil metal levels declined with increasing distance from the closest ferroalloy plant, consistent with plant emissions as the source of elevated soil metal levels. A correlation between Mn concentrations in soil and lettuce was also observed. These data show that historic ferroalloy plant activity, which ended nearly a decade before this study, has contributed to the persistence of increased Mn levels in locally grown vegetables. Further research is needed to assess whether this increase can lead to adverse effects i

关键词： Heavy Metals Ferroalloy Plant Soil Vegetables XrF ICP-OES