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黏土矿物-微生物相互作用机理以及在环境领域中的应用

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地学前缘 2024年第1期31卷 467-485页

作者：董海良曾强刘邓盛益之刘晓磊刘源胡景龙李扬夏庆银李润洁胡大福张冬磊张文慧郭东毅张晓文中国地质大学(北京)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室地质微生物与生物地球化学研究中心北京100083 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院北京100083 中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院湖北武汉430074 中国地质大学(北京)海洋学院北京100083 核工业北京化工冶金研究院北京101149 中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院北京100083

黏土矿物与微生物在自然环境中广泛共存。二者之间的相互作用影响着环境中的能量流动与元素循环。黏土矿物能够给微生物提供物理或化学保护,提高微生物对外界胁迫和干扰的抵抗能力。黏土矿物同时还能给微生物提供营养元素,促进其新陈代... 详细信息

黏土矿物与微生物在自然环境中广泛共存。二者之间的相互作用影响着环境中的能量流动与元素循环。黏土矿物能够给微生物提供物理或化学保护,提高微生物对外界胁迫和干扰的抵抗能力。黏土矿物同时还能给微生物提供营养元素,促进其新陈代谢过程。黏土矿物中的结构铁是微生物铁氧化还原循环的重要电子供/受体。在氧化还原的环境中,多种铁还原/铁氧化细菌可以通过还原氧化黏土矿物中的结构Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ),进而获得能量进行生长。在氧化还原过程中,微生物也可以通过溶解、转化、沉淀等作用改变黏土矿物的晶格结构及物相,或是产生新的次生矿物。黏土矿物-微生物相互作用在碳、氮、硅、磷等重要生命元素的地球化学循环中扮演着重要角色。黏土矿物可以通过吸附有机碳,降低有机碳的生物可利用性,减缓其矿化速率。在氧化还原波动的环境中,黏土矿物还可以通过活化分子氧,产生强氧化性自由基氧化降解有机质,提高其生物可利用性。黏土矿物还会吸附生物胞外酶,影响胞外酶降解有机质的效率。微生物通过耦合黏土矿物中铁氧化与硝酸盐还原,铁还原与氨氧化等过程影响氮循环。黏土矿物对磷的吸附以及风化过程中硅的释放影响着微生物的代谢活性。黏土矿物-微生物相互作用在重金属固化稳定、有机污染物降解、杀死病原菌等方面也有广泛的应用。

关键词：黏土矿物微生物相互作用元素循环能量电子传递氧化还原环境治理

Innovations in metallurgical and materials processes:advancing liquid theory and honoring Prof.Han-jie guo's contributions to physical chemistry in metallurgy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 1-2页

作者： Shuai Liu Jing guo Han-jie guo School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China

Spanning three decades,Prof.Han-jie guo's research group has dedicated itself to exploring the fundamental theories and practical applications of physical chemistry within the realm of metallurgy.Operating under the a... 详细信息

关键词： chemistry liquid complexes

黏土矿物对病毒生物地球化学作用的影响探讨与展望

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科学通报 2023年第1期68卷 87-99页

作者：张晓文刘焱郭东毅董海良王海纳中国地质大学(北京) 地质微生物与生物地球化学研究中心生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室北京100083

作为自然界丰度最高的生命体,病毒活跃于海洋、土壤、冰川等各类生态系统.通过侵染细菌、古菌及真核微生物,病毒在调控微生物群落和元素生物地球化学循环过程中扮演着关键角色.在自然环境中,病毒与无机或有机颗粒存在广泛的相互作用.黏... 详细信息

作为自然界丰度最高的生命体,病毒活跃于海洋、土壤、冰川等各类生态系统.通过侵染细菌、古菌及真核微生物,病毒在调控微生物群落和元素生物地球化学循环过程中扮演着关键角色.在自然环境中,病毒与无机或有机颗粒存在广泛的相互作用.黏土矿物是广泛分布于陆地和海洋环境的无机颗粒,陆地生态系统中的黏土矿物可在大气、河流和冰川的作用下搬运至海洋,并在水体中沉降形成深海沉积物.黏土矿物对病毒具有高度亲和力,影响着环境中病毒的丰度、活性和感染能力.因此,黏土矿物对病毒介导的生物地球化学循环过程有着重要的影响.本文从各类生境中病毒的生态功能、病毒的生物地球化学作用模型和黏土矿物对病毒的吸附作用3个方面进行了概述,并讨论了陆地和海洋生态系统中黏土矿物的吸附作用对病毒功能和生物地球化学作用的潜在影响,提出黏土矿物是影响病毒驱动的生物地球化学循环不可忽视的因素,未来应将黏土矿物作为评估病毒生物地球化学作用的参数之一.

关键词：病毒生态功能黏土矿物吸附作用生物地球化学循环

玉米秸秆基木质素-醋酸纤维素紫外屏蔽膜的制备及其性能

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复合材料学报 2023年第8期40卷 4768-4778页

作者：林昊郭东毅吕谦贾惜文周成凤肖卫华中国农业大学工学院北京100083 青岛大学省部共建生物多糖纤维成形与生态纺织国家重点实验室青岛266071

为减少紫外线对人类造成的伤害和设施的破坏,本文以过氧乙酸复合马来酸预处理(PAM)玉米秸秆得到的纤维素产物为原料,以三氟乙酸作为催化剂和溶剂通过相转化法制备具有紫外屏蔽功能的玉米秸秆基醋酸纤维素膜。随着PAM预处理温度的提高,... 详细信息

为减少紫外线对人类造成的伤害和设施的破坏,本文以过氧乙酸复合马来酸预处理(PAM)玉米秸秆得到的纤维素产物为原料,以三氟乙酸作为催化剂和溶剂通过相转化法制备具有紫外屏蔽功能的玉米秸秆基醋酸纤维素膜。随着PAM预处理温度的提高,乙酰化程度和醋酸纤维素产率分别增加到42.19%和93.97%。制得的醋酸纤维素膜(ZCA-80~ZCA-120)的光学性能表征结果表明:该醋酸纤维素膜紫外线屏蔽性能良好,ZCA-110的中波紫外线(UVB)和长波紫外线(UVA)屏蔽率分别达到96.51%和73.72%。同时,揭示了ZCA-80~ZCA-120在紫外光区(200~400 nm)的屏蔽率及在660 nm处的透光率(T_(660))与木质素含量的相关关系,表明木质素含量是决定醋酸纤维素膜紫外屏蔽性能的关键因素。采用紫外分光光度计、接触角测试仪、XRD和FTIR对未添加壳聚糖(ZCA-110)和添加壳聚糖(CS/ZCA-5)的醋酸纤维素膜进行比较研究,发现添加壳聚糖的膜透光率得到改善、亲水性增强、结晶度降低。本文制备的木质纤维基醋酸纤维素膜将为生物可降解紫外屏蔽材料的研发提供新思路。

关键词：玉米秸秆木质素醋酸纤维素膜紫外屏蔽透光率壳聚糖

Light People:Prof.Eric Mazur speaks about ultrafast optics and education

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 402-406页

作者： Chenzi guo Yang Li Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Prof.Eric Mazur is a great influencer over and beyond the optics community.As a physicist,he is a pioneer of ultrafast optics and was one of the inventors of colliding-pulse mode-locked laser.As an educator,he not only gave talks to thousands,but also revolutionized teaching with his globally renowned methodology“Peer Instruction”.As a leader and entrepreneur,he co-founded several companies and was President of Optica(formerly the Optical Society)and currently is the Chair of the Optica Foundation.Here,Light:Science&Applications talked with Prof.Eric Mazur about his opinions on research,education and industry.The full interview video can be found in the Supplementary File.

关键词： optics education companies

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杀菌黏土矿物的研究进展与前景展望

地学前缘 2022年第1期29卷 470-485页

作者：郭东毅夏庆银董海良王曦曾强赵玉中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院地质微生物与生物地球化学研究中心生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室北京100083

黏土矿物具有特殊的层状结构与吸附性强、表面活性高、层间可交换阳离子丰富等理化特征,已被广泛应用于工业材料制造及环境修复等领域。而在医学领域,传统抗生素的滥用导致细菌的耐药性不断增强与全球流行,引发医学界对于现存抗生素有... 详细信息

黏土矿物具有特殊的层状结构与吸附性强、表面活性高、层间可交换阳离子丰富等理化特征,已被广泛应用于工业材料制造及环境修复等领域。而在医学领域,传统抗生素的滥用导致细菌的耐药性不断增强与全球流行,引发医学界对于现存抗生素有效性的担忧,开发新型杀菌药物迫在眉睫。尽管历史上已有黏土矿物缓解伤口脓肿、治疗消化不良及关节炎等病症的记载,现代分析技术的进步才使得研究者能够对黏土矿物及其杀菌机理进一步研究,从而深入挖掘其作为抗菌药物的潜在医学价值。近年来,国内外研究学者先后报道了黏土矿物自身广谱的杀菌能力,并指出其杀菌活性与矿物溶出的金属离子、其片层结构中赋存的活性铁、黏土表面带电性以及产生的活性氧基团(reactive oxygen species,ROS)等相关。另一方面,黏土矿物作为药物分子载体,可以增强杀菌药物的物理性能与杀菌活性,被广泛用于制备复合杀菌材料。本文综合近年来国内外研究团队对医药黏土的杀菌能力、过程与机理研究,探讨常见黏土矿物具备杀菌活性的必要条件与共性特征,简述黏土矿物作为有效载体所制备的杀菌材料,指明当前医药黏土矿物研发过程中存在的问题,为今后医药黏土研发提供些许建议。

关键词：黏土矿物杀菌作用杀菌机理药物开发

Emerging direct current triboelectric nanogenerator for high-entropy mechanical energy harvesting

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1297-1316页

作者： CHEN Jie guo RuiLong guo HengYu College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Department of Applied Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

In the era of the Internet of Things(IoT),the provision of sustainable power to distributed,mobile,and low-power-consumption electronic devices is a critical challenge.To overcome this challenge,the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG),a highly efficient high-entropy mechanical energy harvesting device,was developed in 2012.This device enables the direct conversion of irregular and low-frequency mechanical energy into pulsed alternating current(AC)signals.However,the incompatibility of most electronic devices with AC signals necessitates rectifier circuits or generators that deliver direct current(DC)signals.In recent years,DC-TENGs have undergone extensive development,achieving significant milestones in various application fields while also facing crucial challenges that require solutions.In this review,three categories of DC-TENG devices with distinct operating mechanisms are comprehensively explored:multiphase coupling,mechanical rectification,and air breakdown.Their typical structures and working mechanisms are thoroughly discussed,and specific output performance limitations,along with corresponding optimization strategies,are identified.Furthermore,the applications of DC-TENGs in various scenarios are summarized.Finally,the challenges faced by DC-TENGs and potential solutions are analyzed to guide further advancements in this technology.

关键词： TENG direct current working mechanisms output performance limitations optimization strategies

Light People:Prof.Kei May Lau,newly elected US NAE member in Hong Kong,talks about future of photonics and women in science

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 602-608页

作者： Yating Wan Chenzi guo Electrical and Computer Engineering the ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology23955-6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina

Editorial Photonics technology remains a driving force in today’s scientific landscape,marked by continuous innovation and crossdisciplinary relevance.In an enlighting conversation with Light:Science&Applications,Prof.Kei May Lau,a pioneer in photonics research,shares her deep insights on the evolution of technologies of LEDs,lasers,challenges of hetero-epitaxy,and the future of micro-LEDs and quantum dot lasers.Recently honored as a member of the US National Academy of Engineering(NAE)for her significant contributions to photonics and electronics using III-V semiconductors on silicon,Prof.Lau stands out as the sole Hong Kong scholar inducted into the NAE this year,joining 114 new and 21 international members.In this exclusive Light People interview,Prof.Lau shares her journey as a pioneering woman in engineering,her commitment to mentorship and academia,and her perspective on advancing female representation in science.The summary provided is distilled from Prof.Lau’s thoughtful responses during the interview.For a deeper exploration of Prof.Lau’s experiences and advice,the full interview is available in the Supplementary material.

关键词： interview lighting driving

Improving benzene catalytic oxidation on Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) by regulating the chemical states of Co and Ag

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 201-212页

作者： Hao guo Tao guo Mengqi Zhao Yaxin Zhang Wenfeng Shangguan Yinnian Liao State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Xinjiang UniversityXinjiang 830017China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion&Chemical Engineering Process Xinjiang UniversityXinjiang 830017China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xinjiang UniversityXinjiang 830017China Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Applied Chemistry and Materials Zhuhai College of Science and TechnologyGuangdong 519041China

Silver(9 wt.%)was loaded on Co_(3)O_(4)-nanofiber using reduction and impregnation methods,respectively.Due to the stronger electronegativity of silver,the ratios of surface Co^(3+)/Co^(2+) on Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) were higher than on Co_(3)O_(4),which further led to more adsorbed oxygen species as a result of the charge compensation.Moreover,the introducing of silver also obviously improved the reducibility of Co_(3)O_(4).Hence the Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) showed better catalytic performance than Co_(3)O_(4) in benzene oxidation.Compared with the Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) synthesized via impregnation method,the one prepared using reduction method(named as Ag Co-R)exhibited higher contents of surface Co^(3+) and adsorbed oxygen species,stronger reducibility,as well as more active surface lattice oxygen species.Consequently,Ag Co-R showed lowest T_(90) value of 183℃,admirable catalytic stability,largest normalized reaction rate of1.36×10^(-4)mol/(h·m^(2))(150℃),and lowest apparent activation energy(E_(a))of 63.2 kJ/mol.The analyzing of in-situ DRIFTS indicated benzene molecules were successively oxidized to phenol,o-benzoquinone,small molecular intermediates,and finally to CO_(2) and water on the surface of Ag Co-R.At last,potential reaction pathways including five detailed steps were proposed.

关键词： Reduction method Co_(3)O_(4)-supported Ag catalyst,VOCs Benzene oxidation Reaction mechanism