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Prospects for ASEAN-China Free Trade Area:A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

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China & World Economy 2009年第4期17卷 104-120页

作者： donghyun park Innwon park Gemma Esther B.Estrada Economic and Research Department Asian Development Bank Division of International Studies Korea University

The current global financial and economic crisis is giving new life to initiatives that promote closer economic integration among East Asian countries. A significant example is the ASEAN- China Free Trade Area （.4 CFTA）, which is set to come into effect around 2010..4CFTA aims to boost trade between two economies that are partners as well as competitors： ASEAN and China. In the present paper, we use insights from customs union theory in a qualitative analysis considering whether,4CFTA would benefit both sides. We also apply a computable general equilibrium model to perform a quantitative analysis of the same issue. Both our qualitative and quantitative analyses provide grounds for guarded optimism regarding A CFTA ＇s prospects as a vehicle for strengthening the economic partnership between ASEAN and China.

关键词： ASEAN China computable general equilibrium model economic integration free trade area

Effects of China＇s Structural Change on the Exports of East Asian Economies

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China & World Economy 2017年第3期25卷 1-30页

作者： Hyun-Hoon Lee donghyun park Kwanho Shin Professor International Trade and Business Kangwon National UniversityKorea Principal Economist Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department Asian Development Bank. Professor Economics Department Korea University

The Chinese economy is slowing down and is in the midst of a structural transJormattonfrom export-led and investment-led growth to domestic demand-led and consumption-ledgrowth. While there are widespread concerns among China＇s trading partners about theeffect of the slowdown in China＇s growth on their exports, China＇s structural changes arealso likely to have a significant impact：for example, China will import fewer machinesand more cosmetics. The central objective of the present paper is to empirically examinethe effect of China＇s structural transformation on the exports of East Asian economies,which have close trade linkages with China. We find that economies that have failed toincrease the share of consumption goods in their exports to China have suffered largerdeclines in their quantities of exports to China. In addition, economies that have sufferedlosses in their shares of China＇s parts and components imports have faced reductions intheir shares in China ＂s total imports.

关键词： China, East Asia, export, global value chain, structural change

A New Model to Evaluate the Economic Effects of Floods and Its Application to China

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2016年第4期9卷 627-641页

作者： Mario Arturo Ruiz Estrad Ibrahim Ndoma donghyun park Faculty of Economics and Administration (FEA) University of Malaya 50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Principal Economist Asian Development Bank (ADB) 6 ADB Avenue1550 Mandaluyong City Metro Manila Philippines

We set forth the macroeconomics evaluation of floods (MEF) model, a new model to assess and evaluate the impact of floods on GNP growth. This model points to a new, more concrete approach to measure the economic impact of floods. Up to now, the measurement has been subject to a great deal of uncertainty. The main contribution of the model is to significantly reduce this uncertainty by measuring the impact with four well-defined, economically intuitive indicators. To illuminate and demonstrate its promise, we employ the model to evaluate and analyze the impact of two major floods on the economy of the People’s Republic of China. Our MEF-model analysis indicates that the floods of Zhangshu and Jiangxi in 2010 caused greater economic damage than the floods of Central South China in 1931. Going forward, MEF-model simulations are a valuable tool for estimating the effect of potential future floods in the PRC and elsewhere.

关键词：洪水影响中国经济中华人民共和国模型分析应用国民生产总值宏观评价不确定性

An Economic Model of the Wartime Economy： An Application to a Possible Sino-Japanese Conflict

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2016年第3期9卷 425-447页

作者： Mario Arturo Ruiz Estrada donghyun park Jung Suk Kim Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and Administration University of Malaya50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Asian Development Bank (ADB) 6 ADB Avenue Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro ManilaPhilippines Institute of International and Area Studies Sogang University Seoul Korea

This paper introduces a new economic model of a wartime economy, the war economic capability model—WEC-Model. The WEC-Model assesses the economic impact of an armed conflict in three different stages: (1) initial armed conflict and diplomatic negotiations; (2) military armed conflict; and (3) winners and losers in the post-armed conflict stage. The analysis makes use of new indicators such as economic desgrowth (−δ), armed conflict intensity (α i ), armed conflict losses (−π), economic wear (Π), level of armed conflict tension (ζ), level of diplomatic negotiations (η), and total economic leaking (Ω t ). To illustrate the model, we apply it to evaluate an imaginary armed conflict between the People’s Republic of China and Japan.

关键词：经济模式应用武装冲突中华人民共和国能力模型外交谈判经济损失 C模式

A Regional Economy's Resistance to the COVID-19 Shock: Sales Revenues of Micro-, Small-, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in South Korea

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第2期13卷 190-198页

作者： Seong-Jin Lee Joong-Hoo park Seung-Min Cha donghyun Kim Department of Public Policy and Management.Pusan National University Busan 46241South Korea Department of Urban Planning and Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241South Korea

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is a global pandemic that has heavily impacted not only the health sector, but also the economic sector in general.Many countries have projected a negative economic impact, and the effect on micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises(MSMEs) is predicted to be significantly large.This study estimated the regional resistance of MSME sales revenues and identified the regional economic factors that affect resistance by analyzing South Korea, a country with one of the lowest economic impact projections from COVID-19. Resistance was estimated by comparing sales revenues and changes in resistance observed during the early COVID-19 period to those recorded in the same weeks(weeks 6 to 9) of 2019. The factors that affect regional resistance were determined by conducting robust regression and spatial regression analyses. The results show that the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases, a direct risk factor, is negatively related to regional resilience, while diversity is positively related to regional resistance. To improve the regional resistance against uncertain events, this study recommends increased diversity among regional industrial structures to reduce the duration of the early shock of an unexpected adverse event.

关键词： COVID-19 Economic resistance MSMEs South Korea

Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 20-34页

作者： donghyun Lee Soonmin Kwon Seok-young Jang Eunyoung park Yeeun Lee Heebeom Koo Department of Medical Life Sciences Department of Biomedicine&Health Sciencesand Catholic Photomedicine Research InstituteCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea222 Banpo-daeroSeocho-guSeoul06591Republic of Korea

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time.However,insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer(PS),light,and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT.Nanoparticles have received an influx of attention as drug carriers,and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor tissue.Physicochemical optimization for passive targeting,ligand modification for active targeting,and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor tissue.Various trials using upconversion NPs,two-photon lasers,X-rays,and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep tissue.Attempts have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation,Fenton reaction,and combination with other chemical drugs.In this review,we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in tumors.In particular,the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy Nanoparticle Tumor-targeting Drug delivery Tissue penetration

Refractive errors in high myopic eyes after phacovitrectomy for macular hole

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第2期8卷 369-373页

作者： donghyun Jee Yi-Ryeung park Kyoung In Jung Eunchul Kim Tae Yoon La Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science College of Medicine Catholic University of Korea St. Vincent Hospital Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science College of Medicine Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science College of Medicine Catholic University of Korea Bucheon St.Mary's Hospital

AIM: To examine the refractive prediction error in high myopic eyes after phacovitrectomy.METHODS: This retrospective comparative case series included 91 eyes(18 high myopic eyes and 73 non-high myopic eyes) of 91 patients who underwent successful phacovitrectomy(phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy). The high myopic eyes were defined as the eye with more than 26.0mm of axial length. The postoperative prediction error of mean error and mean absolute error were evaluated at4 mo postoperatively. Axial length and keratometry measurement were performed preoperatively and 4mo postoperatively using the IOL Master.RESULTS: The refractive outcome after phacovitrectomy showed significantly greater myopic shift in the high myopic eyes [-1.08 ±0.87 diopters(D)] than that in the non-high myopic eyes(-0.43 ±0.63 D, P =0.004). Axial length and keratometric value in the high myopic eyes were significantly increased(P =0.043, 0.037 respectively),whereas those in the non-high myopic group were not significantly increased(P =0.135, 0.347 respectively). The change of the axial length in the myopic eye(0.46±0.28 mm)was greater than that in the non- high myopic eye(0.11 ± 0.34 mm; P <0.001).CONCLUSION: High myopic eyes showed more myopic shift than non-high myopic eyes after phacovitrectomy.The cause of myopic shift in high myopic eyes seems tobe attributed to actual elongation of the axial length in high myopia.

关键词： axial length high myopic eyes keratometry phacovitrectomy refractive errors

Massively parallel direct writing of nanoapertures using multi-optical probes and super-resolution near-fields

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第5期8卷 257-267页

作者： Changsu park Soobin Hwang donghyun Kim Nahyun Won Runjia Han Seonghyeon Jeon Wooyoung Shim Jiseok Lim Chulmin Joo Shinill Kang School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Korea National Center for Optically-Assisted High Precision Mechanical Systems Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University280 Daehak-roGyeongsanGyungbuk 38541South Korea

Laser direct-writing enables micro and nanoscale patterning,and is thus widely used for cutting-edge research and industrial applications.Various nanolithography methods,such as near-field,plasmonic,and scanning-probe lithography,are gaining increasing attention because they enable fabrication of high-resolution nanopatterns that are much smaller than the wavelength of light.However,conventional methods are limited by low throughput and scalability,and tend to use electron beams or focused-ion beams to create nanostructures.In this study,we developed a procedure for massively parallel direct writing of nanoapertures using a multi-optical probe system and superresolution near-fields.A glass micro-Fresnel zone plate array,which is an ultra-precision far-field optical system,was designed and fabricated as the multi-optical probe system.As a chalcogenide phase-change material(PCM),multiple layers of Sb_(65)Se_(35) were used to generate the super-resolution near-field effect.A nanoaperture was fabricated through direct laser writing on a large-area(200×200mm^(2))multi-layered PCM.A photoresist nanopattern was fabricated on an 8-inch wafer via near-field nanolithography using the developed nanoaperture and an i-line commercial exposure system.Unlike other methods,this technique allows high-throughput large-area nanolithography and overcomes the gap-control issue between the probe array and the patterning surface.

关键词： lithography optical resolution

Improved formaldehyde gas sensing properties of well-controlled Au nanoparticle-decorated In2O3 nanofibers integrated on low power MEMS platform

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第3期38卷 56-63页

作者： Dongha Im donghyun Kim Dasol Jeong Woon Ik park Myoungpyo Chun Joon-Shik park Hyunjung Kim Hyunsung Jung Nano Materials&Nano Technology Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering&TechnologyJinju 52851Republic of Korea Department of Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering Chonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Smart Sensor Research Center Korea Electronic Technology InstituteSeongnam 13509Republic of Korea

Approaches for the fabrication of a low power-operable formaldehyde(HCHO)gas sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity were performed by the utilization of an effective micro-structured platform with a micro-heater to reach high temperature with low heating power as well as by the integration of indium oxide(In2O3)nanofibers decorated with well-dispersed Au nanoparticles as a sensing material.Homogeneous In2O3 nanofibers with the large specific surface area were prepared by the electrospinning following by calcination process.Au nanoparticles with the well-controlled size as a catalyst were synthesized on the surface of In2O3 nanofibers.The Au-decorated In2O3 nanofibers were reliably integrated as sensing materials on the bridge-type micro-platform including micro-heaters and micro-electrodes.The micro-platform designed to maintain high temperature with low power consumption was fabricated by a microelectromechanical system(MEMS)technique.The micro-platform gas sensor consisting with Au-In2O3 nanofibers were fabricated effectively to detect HCHO gases with high sensitivity and selectivity.The HCHO gas sensing behaviors were schematically studied as a function of the gas concentration,the size of the adsorbed Au nanoparticles,the applied power to raise the temperature of a sensing part and the kind of target gases.

关键词： Gold nanoparticle In2O3 nanofiber Formaldehyde Gas sensor Low power Micro-platform