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Organic-inorganic fertilization promotes paddy soil macroaggregate organic carbon accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 941-950页

作者： Jinhua ZHAO Lin CHEN Guixiang ZHOU Fang LI Jiabao ZHANG Congzhi ZHANG donghao ma Biao FENG Fengqiu Experimental Station of National Ecosystem Research Network of China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural University

macroaggregate organic carbon (macro-OC) accumulation in paddy soils is of great significance in promoting multiple agroecosystem services. However,the effects of different fertilization practices on macro-OC accumulation in paddy soils at the regional scale have not been comprehensively ***, we conducted long-term fertilization field experiments at four sites, Taoyuan, Wangcheng, Jinxian, and Suzhou, in the subtropical area of China to reveal the effects of inorganic and organic-inorganic (OIF) fertilization on macro-OC accumulation and its relationships with important microbial traits (the abundance ratio of GH48:cbhI genes and the richness of keystone bacterial taxa) in paddy soils. The results showed that long-term fertilization (particularly OIF) significantly increased the content of macro-OC, which mainly consisted of particulate organic carbon (C). Organic-inorganic fertilization decreased the percentage of O-alkyl C but increased the percentages of alkyl, aromatic, and phenolic C. Organic-inorganic fertilization promoted the abundance of the bacterial cellulose-degrading gene GH48 retrieved from macroaggregates. The orders Anaerolineales, Bacillales, and Clostridiales were identified as keystone bacterial taxa in macroaggregates and were significantly correlated with the physical fraction and chemical structure of macro-OC. Structural equation modeling revealed that fertilization-induced changes in soil pH and C:N ratio affected the richness of Anaerolineales, Bacillales, and Clostridiales, which was strongly associated with the increase of percentages of aromatic and phenolic C and further facilitated macro-OC accumulation. Together, these results suggested that OIF promoted macro-OC accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in paddy soils. The results provide an important basis for boosting soil C accrual in the subtropical rice-growing areas.

关键词： bacterial community keystone bacterial taxa mean weight diameter mineral-associated organic carbon particulate organic carbon structural equation modeling

Saline-alkali land reclamation boosts topsoil carbon storage by preferentially accumulating plant-derived carbon

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2948-2958页

作者： Lin Chen Guixiang Zhou Biao Feng a Chao Wang Yu Luo Fang Li Congcong Shen donghao ma Congzhi Zhang Jiabao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Fengqiu Experimental Station of National Ecosystem Research Network of ChinaInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Saline–alkali land is an important cultivated land reserve resource for tackling global climate change and ensuring food security, partly because it can store large amounts of carbon(C). However, it is unclear how saline–alkali land reclamation(converting saline–alkali land into cultivated land) affects soil C *** collected 189 adjacent pairs of salt-affected and cultivated soil samples(0–30 cm deep) from the Songnen Plain, eastern coastal area, Hetao Plain, and northwestern arid area in China. Various soil properties, the soil inorganic C(SIC), organic C(SOC), particulate organic C(POC), and mineral-associated organic C(maOC) densities, and plant-and microbial-derived C accumulation were ***–alkali land reclamation inconsistently affected the SIC density but significantly(P maOC densities were predicted well by the integrative soil amelioration index. Saline–alkali land reclamation significantly increased plant-derived C accumulation and the plant-derived C to microbial-derived C ratios in all saline–alkali areas, and less microbial transformation of plant-derived C(i.e., less lignin degradation or oxidation) occurred in cultivated soils than salt-affected soils. The results indicated that saline–alkali land reclamation leads to plant-derived C becoming the dominant contributor of SOC storage. POC storage and maOC storage were strongly linked to plant-and microbial-derived C accumulation, respectively, caused by saline–alkali land *** findings suggest that saline–alkali land reclamation increases C storage in topsoil by preferentially promoting plant-derived C accumulation.

关键词： Saline-alkali land Salt-affected soil Particulate organic carbon Mineral-associated organic carbon Plant-derived carbon

长期不同氮肥施用量对潮土团聚体分布和真菌群落组成的影响

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土壤学报 2024年第3期61卷 824-835页

作者：郭伟周云鹏陈美淇李丹丹王青霞马东豪赵炳梓土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院大学南京学院南京211135

不同氮肥施用量显著改变团聚体分布、真菌群落组成及生物胶结物质的产生,但它们之间是否存在相关性尚不清楚。以中国科学院封丘农业生态实验站长期定位试验(2005—2020年)为研究平台,其包含5个施氮水平:0(F0)、150 kg·hm^(–2)(F1)、19... 详细信息

不同氮肥施用量显著改变团聚体分布、真菌群落组成及生物胶结物质的产生,但它们之间是否存在相关性尚不清楚。以中国科学院封丘农业生态实验站长期定位试验(2005—2020年)为研究平台,其包含5个施氮水平:0(F0)、150 kg·hm^(–2)(F1)、190 kg·hm^(–2)(F2)、230 kg·hm^(–2)(F3)和270 kg·hm^(–2)(F4),研究了不同施氮量对土壤团聚体组成(>2000μm、2000~250μm、250~53μm和<53μm)的影响,以及团聚体组成与生物胶结物质(球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(GRSP)及微生物生物量碳(MBC))和土壤真菌之间的相关关系。结果表明,土壤团聚体分布和真菌群落组成分为显著不同的3组,分别为F0、F1和F2以及F3和F4,其中,(1)F1和F2处理团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)最高,同时大于2000μm团聚体的质量比例显著增加,并与拟棘壳孢属(Pyrenochaetopsis)富集有关;(2)F1和F2、F3和F4处理均表现为2000~250μm团聚体的质量比例增加,而小于53μm粉黏粒质量比例显著降低,2000~250μm团聚体的质量比例增加主要与易提取球囊霉素和总球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白比值(EE-GRSP/T-GRSP)以及易提取球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(EE-GRSP)显著正相关,而与亚隔孢壳属(Didymella)和被孢霉属(Mortierella)相对丰度显著负相关;小于53μm粉黏粒质量比例显著降低主要与被孢霉属(Mortierella)、白腐菌属(Phlebia)、黑孢壳属(Melanospora)、Fusicolla、柄孢壳属(Podospora)和亚隔孢壳属(Didymella)相对丰度显著正相关,而与EE-GRSP和/或支顶孢属(Acremonium)、柱霉属(Scytalidium)、外瓶霉属(Exophiala)、EE-GRSP/T-GRSP、MBC显著负相关。因此,土壤团聚体稳定性的变异程度受氮肥施用水平影响。本研究条件下,150 kg·hm^(–2)和190 kg·hm^(–2)施氮水平下的团聚体稳定性超过230 kg·hm^(–2)和270 kg·hm^(–2)施氮水平,与不同施氮量下真菌群落组成及其胶结物质变化显著相关。

关键词：长期试验施氮水平团聚体稳定性生物胶结物质真菌群落

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韭菜新品种久星31号的选育

中国蔬菜 2024年第5期 133-135页

作者：马栋豪李美换陶璐璐马伟皓杨校飞高建民王艳斌刘丙欣蔡黎明马颖豪李正道刘金星马金海王宇欣王青峰河南久星生物科技研究院有限公司河南平顶山467241 平顶山市园艺科学研究所河南平顶山467001 河南城建学院河南平顶山467036 中国农业大学北京100083

久星31号是以天津青韭优选株系96-13-32为母本,以92-1优选株系19-5-6为父本,经有性杂交、系统选育而成的韭菜新品种。直立性强,春季返青早,平均株高49.0 cm,假茎长10.1 cm、粗0.6 cm;叶片深绿色,蜡粉少,长宽条形,先端锐尖,平均叶长38.9 ... 详细信息

久星31号是以天津青韭优选株系96-13-32为母本,以92-1优选株系19-5-6为父本,经有性杂交、系统选育而成的韭菜新品种。直立性强,春季返青早,平均株高49.0 cm,假茎长10.1 cm、粗0.6 cm;叶片深绿色,蜡粉少,长宽条形,先端锐尖,平均叶长38.9 cm,叶宽0.8 cm,单株功能叶片数5片,单株质量8.7 g;分蘖能力强,冬季不休眠,耐寒性强,对灰霉病的抗性强于对照791,蛋白质含量1.82%,β-胡萝卜素含量9.10μg·g^(-1),VC含量216.0 mg·kg^(-1),铁含量71.1 mg·kg^(-1);年收割6~7茬,每667 m^(2)产量12500 kg左右,适宜河南省以及生态型相似地区种植。

关键词：韭菜久星31号系统选育

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2.5μm-Thick Ultrastrong Asymmetric Separator for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第6期7卷 106-117页

作者： donghao Xie Zekun Wang Xin ma Yuchen Feng Xiaomin Tang Qiao Gu Yonghong Deng Ping Gao Advanced materials Thrust Interdisciplinary OfficeThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong999077 China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong 999077China Advanced materials Thrust Function HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Nansha DistrictGuangzhou 511453China Department of materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)are considered the ideal choice for high volumetric energy density lithium-ion batteries,but uncontrolled lithium deposition poses a significant challenge to the stability of such *** this paper,we introduce a 2.5μm-thick asymmetric and ultrastrong separator,which can induce tissue-like lithium *** asymmetric separator,denoted by utPE@Cu_(2)O,was prepared by selective synthesis of Cu_(2)O nanoparticles on one of the outer surfaces of a nanofibrous(diameter~10 nm)ultrastrong ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)*** analysis shows that the lithium deposits have tissue-like morphology,resulting in the symmetric lithium cells assembled using utPE@Cu_(2)O with symmetric Cu_(2)O coating exhibiting stable performance for over 2000 h of *** work demonstrates the feasibility of a facile approach ultrathin separators for the deployment of lithium metal batteries,providing a pathway towards enhanced battery performance and safety.

关键词： in situ SEI lithium deposition regulation separator ultrastrong ultrathin

膜下滴灌条件下灌水水质和流量对土壤盐分分布影响的田间试验研究

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农业工程学报 2005年第3期21卷 42-46页

作者：马东豪王全九来剑斌西安理工大学水资源研究所西安710048 中国农业大学北京100094

膜下滴灌是一种既节水,又能抑制土壤盐分上移的灌水技术。该文着重研究在田间条件下,滴头流量、灌水量和灌水水质对微咸水点源入渗水盐运移的影响。研究结果表明,在充分供水条件下,水平湿润锋和积水锋面随时间的推进符合幂函数关系;滴... 详细信息

膜下滴灌是一种既节水,又能抑制土壤盐分上移的灌水技术。该文着重研究在田间条件下,滴头流量、灌水量和灌水水质对微咸水点源入渗水盐运移的影响。研究结果表明,在充分供水条件下,水平湿润锋和积水锋面随时间的推进符合幂函数关系;滴头流量越小,沿土壤深度方向上的盐分含量越小;滴头流量越大,水平方向含盐量随距离增加的趋势越不明显;灌水量是微咸水灌溉条件下控制盐分累积的一个重要因素,灌水量不足,没有足够的入渗水量以确保盐分的淋洗;灌水矿化度的升高会显著增加土壤表层的含盐量。

关键词：微咸水膜下滴灌滴头流量灌水水质土壤盐分

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含碎石土壤的含水量测定误差分析

土壤学报 2008年第2期45卷 201-206页

作者：马东豪邵明安中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程实验室中国科学院水利部西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室陕西杨凌712100

碎石的存在增加了土壤含水量测定的难度,为便于应用,一些学者将碎石当作细土或不透水介质处理,这在一些情况下可能产生很大误差。本文对忽略碎石或其含水量所引起的土石混合介质和细土含水量的误差进行了分析,并用室内实验验证了所得到... 详细信息

碎石的存在增加了土壤含水量测定的难度,为便于应用,一些学者将碎石当作细土或不透水介质处理,这在一些情况下可能产生很大误差。本文对忽略碎石或其含水量所引起的土石混合介质和细土含水量的误差进行了分析,并用室内实验验证了所得到的结果与相对误差的关系。结果表明,细土和土石混合介质含水量的相对误差与碎石含量以及碎石与细土含水量的比值有关。当碎石与细土含水量比值很大时,即便碎石含量很低也会产生很大误差;而当碎石与细土含水量比值很小时,高的碎石含量同样导致很大误差。此外,碎石与细土含水量的相对大小并非常数,而是随含水量变化的。因此,对土石混合介质田间水分状况的准确监测,以及水分和溶质迁移过程的定量模拟需要考虑碎石特性的影响。

关键词：土石混合介质土壤含水量误差碎石含量碎石与细土含水量比值

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入渗水矿化度对土壤水盐运移影响的试验研究

农业工程学报 2005年第Z1期21卷 84-87页

作者：郭太龙迟道才王全九马东豪杨武成沈阳农业大学水利学院沈阳110161 西安理工大学水利水电学院西安710048

合理开发利用咸水和微咸水资源已成为当今世界各国关注的热点问题.为了分析微咸水矿化度、水量及土壤初始条件等因素对土壤水盐运移的影响,采用土柱在室内进行了微咸水入渗试验.该文分析了入渗水矿化度对入渗过程的影响,分析了盐分的分... 详细信息

合理开发利用咸水和微咸水资源已成为当今世界各国关注的热点问题.为了分析微咸水矿化度、水量及土壤初始条件等因素对土壤水盐运移的影响,采用土柱在室内进行了微咸水入渗试验.该文分析了入渗水矿化度对入渗过程的影响,分析了盐分的分布特征,建立入渗水矿化度和土壤总盐量之间的数学模型,总结了土壤剖面的盐分运移规律.分析结果表明:入渗水矿化度的增加可增大土壤的入渗能力,入渗水的矿化度在1～5 g/L时,土壤积盐量随入渗水矿化度增加而增大;不同矿化度的水入渗后,土壤表层含水率基本相近,接近饱和含水率.

关键词：微咸水入渗水盐运移土壤含盐量土壤水分

Highly efficient 1D p-Te/2D n-Bi_(2)Te_(3) heterojunction self-driven broadband photodetector

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1864-1874页

作者： Chenchen Zhao Dongbo Wang Jiamu Cao Zhi Zeng Bingke Zhang Jingwen Pan donghao Liu Sihang Liu Shujie Jiao Tianyuan Chen Gang Liu Xuan Fang Liancheng Zhao Jinzhong Wang School of materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Shanghai 201203China State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China

Broadband photodetectors with self-driven functions have attracted intensive scientific interest due to their low energy consumption and high optical ***,high-performance broadband self-driven photodetectors are still a significant challenge due to the complex fabrication processes,environmental toxicity,high production costs of traditional 3D semiconductor materials and sharply raised contact resistance,severe interfacial recombination of 2D materials and 2D/3D mixed dimension ***,1D p-Te/2D n-Bi_(2)Te_(3) heterojunctions are constructed by the simple and low-cost hydrothermal method.1D p-Te/2D n-Bi_(2)Te_(3) devices are applied in photoelectrochemical(PEC)photodetectors,with their high performance attributed to the good interfacial contacts reducing interface *** device demonstrated a broad wavelength range(365–850 nm)with an Iph/Idark as high as *** R_(i),D^(*),and external quantum efficiency(EQE)values of the device were as high as 12.07 ma/W,5.87×10^(10) Jones,and 41.05%,respectively,which were significantly better than the performance of the prepared Bi_(2)Te_(3) and Te devices.A comparison of the freshly fabricated device and the device after 30 days showed that 1D p-Te/2D n-Bi_(2)Te_(3) had excellent stability with only 18.08%decay of *** is anticipated that this work will provide new emerging material for future design and preparation of a high-performance self-driven broadband photodetector.

关键词： topological insulating states interfacial recombination self-driven 1D p-Te/2D n-Bi_(2)Te_(3) photodetector