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Quick and automatic detection of co-seismic landslides with multifeature deep learning model

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2311-2325页

作者： Wenchao HUANGFU Haijun QIU peng CUI dongdong YANG Ya LIU Bingzhe TANG Zijing LIU Mohib ULLAH College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China Institute of Earth Surface System and Hazards Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China

Co-seismic landslide detection is essential for post-disaster rescue and risk assessment after an earthquake event.However,a variety of ground objects,including roads and bare land,have spectral characteristics similar to those of co-seismic landslides,making it difficult to gather information and assess their impact rapidly and accurately.Therefore,an automatic detection method based on a deep learning model,named ENVINet5,with multiple features(ENVINet5_MF)was proposed to solve this problem and improve the detection accuracy of co-seismic landslides.The ENVINet5_MF method is advantageous for co-seismic landslide detection because it features a landslide gain index(LGI)that effectively eliminates the spectral interference of bare land and roads.We conducted two experiments using multi-temporal PlanetScope images acquired in Hokkaido,Japan,and Mainling,China.The accuracy evaluation and rationality analysis show that ENVINet5_MF performed better than comparative methods and that the co-seismic landslide areas detected by ENVINet5_MF were the most consistent with ground reference data.The findings of this study suggest that ENVINet5_MF can provide an efficient and accurate method for coseismic landslide detection to ensure a rapid response to co-seismic landslide disasters.

关键词： Co-seismic landslide Automatic detection Deep learning Landslide gain index PlanetScope images

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3D-bioprinted anisotropic bicellular living hydrogels boost osteochondral regeneration via reconstruction of cartilage–bone interface

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 88-97页

作者： Yijian Zhang Duo Li Yang Liu Liuqi peng dongdong Lu Pinpin Wang Dongxu Ke Huilin Yang Xuesong Zhu Changshun Ruan Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Novaprint Therapeutics Suzhou Co. Ltd.Room 605B1 BuildingBioBayNo.218 Xinghu StreetSuzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou 215000China

Reconstruction of osteochondral(OC)defects represents an immense challenge due to the need for synchronous regeneration of special stratified tissues.The revolutionary innovation of bioprinting provides a robust method for precise fabrication of tissue-engineered OCs with hierarchical structure;however,their spatial living cues for simultaneous fulfilment of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis to reconstruct the cartilage-bone interface of OC are underappreciated.Here,inspired by natural OC bilayer features,anisotropic bicellular living hydrogels(ABLHs)simultaneously embedding articular cartilage progenitor cells(ACPCs)and bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in stratified layers were precisely fabricated via two-channel extrusion bioprinting.The optimum formulation of the 7%GelMA/3%AlgMA hydrogel bioink was demonstrated,with excellent printability at room temperature and maintained high cell viability.Moreover,the chondrogenic ability of ACPCs and the osteogenic ability of BMSCs were demonstrated in vitro,confirming the inherent differential spatial regulation of ABLHs.

关键词： printing stratified boost

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Moisture Origins and Transport Processes for the 2020 Yangtze River Valley Record-Breaking Mei-yu Rainfall

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2125-2136页

作者： Lixia ZHANG Dan ZHAO Tianjun ZHOU dongdong peng Chan XIAO State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The summer of 2020 recorded a record-breaking flood due to excessive mei-yu rain falling over the Yangtze River Valley(YRV).Using the Lagrangian model FLEXPART,this paper investigates moisture sources and transport processes behind this extreme event.Based on climate data from 1979 to 2019,the air-particle(an infinitesimally small air parcel)trajectories reaching the YRV show sectors that correspond to five main moisture sources:the Indian monsoon region(IND,27.5%of the total rainfall),the local evaporation(27.4%),the Western Pacific Ocean(WPO,21.3%),the Eurasian continent(8.5%)and Northeast Asia(4.4%).In the 2020 mei-yu season,moisture from all source regions was above normal except that from Northeast Asia.A record-breaking moisture source from the IND and WPO dominated this extreme mei-yu flood in 2020,which was 1.5 and 1.6 times greater than the climate mean,respectively.This study reveals a significant relationship between the moisture source with three moisture transport processes,i.e.,trajectory density,moisture content,and moisture uptake of air-particles.A broad anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the Indo-Northwestern Pacific(Indo-NWP)provides a favorable environment to enhance the moisture transport from the IND and WPO into the YRV.In the 2020 mei-yu season,a record-breaking Indo-NWP anomalous anticyclonic circulation contributed to a higher trajectory density as well as higher moisture content and moisture uptake of air-particles from the IND and WPO regions.This collectively resulted in unprecedented moisture transport from source origins,thus contributing to the mei-yu flood over the YRV in 2020.

关键词： mei-yu flood FLEXPART moisture tracking extreme moisture transport

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企业投入数字化的污染减排效应——基于ICT产品进口的视角

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经济论坛 2024年第3期 101-116页

作者：彭冬冬中共福建省委党校生态文明教研部福建福州350118

ICT产品进口作为企业投入数字化的重要表现形式,可以为企业污染减排提供重要支撑。文章基于2002—2012年中国海关贸易数据库、中国工业企业污染数据库和中国工业企业数据库的合并数据,利用双重差分法识别ICT产品进口对企业污染减排的影... 详细信息

ICT产品进口作为企业投入数字化的重要表现形式,可以为企业污染减排提供重要支撑。文章基于2002—2012年中国海关贸易数据库、中国工业企业污染数据库和中国工业企业数据库的合并数据,利用双重差分法识别ICT产品进口对企业污染减排的影响。结果显示,ICT产品进口能够显著降低企业污染物排放强度,且经过一系列稳健性检验后该结论仍然成立。机制检验表明:一方面,ICT产品进口通过提升全要素生产率,促进企业产出规模增长,进而降低企业污染物排放强度;另一方面,ICT产品进口通过优化能源结构、提高能源效率,降低企业污染物排放规模,进而降低企业污染物排放强度。此外,ICT产品进口对大规模企业、技术密集型行业企业和数字经济发展水平较高地区企业的污染减排效应更为明显。基于研究结论,未来可通过鼓励和扩大ICT产品进口、推动ICT产品核心技术研发创新、拓展ICT产品应用场景等途径,实现企业数字化转型与污染减排协同发展。

关键词：企业投入数字化 ICT产品进口污染减排双重差分模型

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Gd对Mg-xGd-0.8Mn镁合金组织和耐蚀性能的影响

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稀有金属 2024年第4期48卷 457-466页

作者：聂中奎古东懂杨宗全高攀陶健全彭建重庆大学材料科学与工程学院机械传动国家重点实验室重庆400044 焦作市高招镁合金有限公司河南焦作454950 西南技术工程研究所重庆400039

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、腐蚀测试等手段研究了稀土元素Gd对Mg-xGd-0.8Mn(x=0,2,4,6;%,质量分数)合金组织和耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:Gd对挤压态合金有较强的晶粒... 详细信息

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、腐蚀测试等手段研究了稀土元素Gd对Mg-xGd-0.8Mn(x=0,2,4,6;%,质量分数)合金组织和耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:Gd对挤压态合金有较强的晶粒细化效果,同时可以有效弱化合金的基面织构。随着Gd含量的增加,挤压态Mg-xGd-0.8Mn合金的第二相体积分数不断增加,而第二相平均尺寸则是先减小后增加并趋于恒定。挤压态Mg-xGd-0.8Mn合金的耐腐蚀性能主要取决于晶粒尺寸和第二相尺寸。Gd添加引起的组织细化,促使合金耐腐蚀性能显著增强。然而,当Gd含量为4%时,合金第二相粗大且分布不均匀,导致了剧烈的局部腐蚀,弱化了合金的耐腐蚀性能。当Gd含量为6%时,合金晶粒尺寸最细小,第二相体积分数明显增加,形成了相对均匀致密的腐蚀产物层而继续改善合金的耐腐蚀性能,其中合金腐蚀失重速率和腐蚀析氢速率分别为(1.79±0.26)mg·cm^(-2)·d^(-1)和(1.39±0.18)ml·cm^(-2)·d^(-1)。基于添加Gd的合金化成本及耐蚀性能提升效果考虑,Mg-2Gd-0.8Mn合金应用前景更好。

关键词：镁合金 Gd 晶粒细化第二相耐蚀性能

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Cobalt tungsten phosphide with tunable W-doping as highly efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2021年第11期14卷 4073-4078页

作者： Bowei Zhang Chaojiang Li Jun Hu dongdong peng Kang Huang Junsheng Wu Zhong Chen Yizhong Huang Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore School of mechanical engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyZhongguancun AvenueHaidian districtBeijing100081China School of Chemical Engineering Northwest UniversityXi’an710069China

It has been of interest in seeking electrocatalysts that could exercise equally high-efficient and durable hydrogen evolution upon nonselective electrolytes in both acidic and alkaline environments. Herein, we report a facile strategy to fabricate cobalt tungsten phosphides (CoxW2−xP2/C) hollow polyhedrons with tunable composition based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) template method. By the deliberate control of W doping, the synthesized catalyst with the composition of Co0.9W1.1P2/C is found to be able to achieve a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2) at overpotentials of 35 and 54 mV in acidic and alkaline media, respectively. This combined electrochemical property stands atop the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst counterparts. To unveil the peculiar behavior of the structure, density functional theory (DFT) calculation was implemented and reveals that the surface W-doping facilitates the optimization of hydrogen absorption free energy (ΔGH*) as well as the thermodynamic and kinetics barriers for water dissociation, which is coupled with the hollow structure of Co-W phosphides, leading to the prominent HER catalytic performance.

关键词： cobalt tungsten phosphide W-doping tunable composition hydrogen evolution reaction acid and alkaline media

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The dynamic and thermodynamic processes dominating the reduction of global land monsoon precipitation driven by anthropogenic aerosols emission

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第7期63卷 919-933页

作者： Tianjun ZHOU Wenxia ZHANG Lixia ZHANG Xuebin ZHANG Yun QIAN dongdong peng Shuangmei MA Buwen DONG State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Environment and Climate Change Canada 4905 Dufferin StreetTorontoONCanada Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashington 99352USA Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640China National Centre for Atmospheric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReading RG66BBUK

Changes in monsoon precipitation have profound social and economic impacts as more than two-thirds of the world’s population lives in monsoon regions.Observations show a significant reduction in global land monsoon precipitation during the second half of the 20 th century.Understanding the cause of this change,especially possible anthropogenic origins,is important.Here,we compare observed changes in global land monsoon precipitation during 1948–2005 with those simulated by 5 global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project-phase 5(CMIP5)under different external forcings.We show that the observed drying trend is consistent with the model simulated response to anthropogenic forcing and to anthropogenic aerosol forcing in particular.We apply the optimal fingerprinting method to quantify anthropogenic influences on precipitation and find that anthropogenic aerosols may have contributed to 102%(62–144%for the 5–95%confidence interval)of the observed decrease in global land monsoon precipitation.A moisture budget analysis indicates that the reduction in precipitation results from reduced vertical moisture advection in response to aerosol forcing.Since much of the monsoon regions,such as India and China,have been experiencing rapid developments with increasing aerosol emissions in the past decedes,our results imply a further reduction in monsoon precipitation in these regions in the future if effective mitigations to reduce aerosol emissions are not deployed.The observed decline of aerosol emission in China since 2006 helps to alleviate the reducing trend of monsoon precipiptaion.

关键词： Global monsoon Detection Attribution Aerosol forcing Dynamic and thermodynamic processes

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Nanoscale cathodoluminescence spectroscopy probing the nitride quantum wells in an electron microscope

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 144-149页

作者：刘哲彤刘秉尧梁冬冬李晓梅李晓敏陈莉朱瑞徐军魏同波白雪冬高鹏 Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Research and Development Center for Semiconductor Lighting Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China International Center for Quantum Materials Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

To gain further understanding of the luminescence properties of multiquantum wells and the factors affecting them on a microscopic level,cathodoluminescence combined with scanning transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopy was used to measure the luminescence of In_(0.15)Ga_(0.85)N five-period multiquantum wells.The lattice-composition-energy relationship was established with the help of energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy,and the bandgaps of In_(0.15)Ga_(0.85)N and GaN in multiple quantum wells were extracted by electron energy loss spectroscopy to understand the features of cathodoluminescence spectra.The luminescence differences between different periods of multiquantum wells and the effects of defects such as composition fluctuation and dislocations on the luminescence of multiple quantum wells were revealed.Our study establishing the direct relationship between the atomic structure of In_(x)Ga_(1-x)N multiquantum wells and photoelectric properties provides useful information for nitride applications.

关键词： nitride multiquantum wells defect cathodoluminescence scanning transmission electron microscopy

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Flexible Au micro-array electrode with atomic-scale Au thin film for enhanced ethanol oxidation reaction

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Nano Research 2021年第1期14卷 311-319页

作者： Xun Cao dongdong peng Cao Wu Yongmin He Chaojiang Li Bowei Zhang Changcun Han Junsheng Wu Zheng Liu Yizhong Huang College of Sciencey Hubei University of Technology 28 Nanli RoadHongshan DistrictWuhan 430068China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore International Laboratory for Insulation and Energy Efficiency Materials College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics29 Jiangjun AvenueJiangning DistrictNanjing 211100China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology5 South Zhongguancun StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing 100081China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing30 Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100083China

The catalysis of Au thin film could be improved by fabrication of array structures in large area.In this work,nanoimprint lithography has been developed tofabricate flexible Au micro-array(MA)electrodes with~100%coverage.Advanced electron microscopy characterisations have directly visualised the atomic-scale three-dimensional(3D)nanostructures with a maximum depth of 6 atomic layers.In-situ observation unveils the crystal growth in the form of twinning.High double layer capacitance brings about large number of active sites on the Au thin film and has a logarithmic relationship with mesh grade.Electrochemistry testing shows that the Au MAs perform much better ethanol oxidation reaction than the planar sample;MAs with higher mesh grade have a greater active site utilisation ratio(ASUR),which is important to build electrochemical double layer for efficient charge transfer.Further improvement on ASUR is expected for greater electrocatalytic performance and potential application in direct ethanol fuel cell.

关键词： atomic-scale three-dimensional(3D)nanostructures atomic-scale active sites in-situ observations flexible electrode ethanol oxidation reaction active site utilisation ratio

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考虑相似性和不确定性的军队后勤保障装备体系贡献率评估

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火力与指挥控制 2024年第1期49卷 87-96,104页

作者：李皓孟英谦彭龙朱镜蓉赵冬冬中国兵器工业计算机应用技术研究所北京100089 中国传媒大学经济与管理学院北京100024

针对我军后勤保障装备体系贡献率评估中存在因素复杂、不确定信息较多、评估难度较大的问题,以我军后勤保障装备体系为研究对象,从保障功能完备性、体系结构优化、体系技术进步和关键能力提升等4个维度构建了多层次的贡献率评估指标体... 详细信息

针对我军后勤保障装备体系贡献率评估中存在因素复杂、不确定信息较多、评估难度较大的问题,以我军后勤保障装备体系为研究对象,从保障功能完备性、体系结构优化、体系技术进步和关键能力提升等4个维度构建了多层次的贡献率评估指标体系。构建了基于相似性最大的组合赋权模型;给出了融合三角直觉模糊加权几何交叉影响平均算子和TODIM的体系贡献率评估模型。案例分析结果表明,该模型解释性好、操作性强、实用性优,能够为后勤保障装备迭代更新及装备体系论证规划提供有效的决策支持。

关键词：相似性不确定性实战化需求后勤保障装备体系贡献率评估

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