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Inhibition of BET selectively eliminates undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells

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Science Bulletin 2018年第8期63卷 477-487页

作者： Jung Hyun Im Seon In Hwang Jong-Wan Kim soon-Jung Park Kyu-ree Kang Jueng Soo You Kee Pyo Kim Sung-Hwan Moon Hyuk-Jin Cha Hyung-Min Chung hans R. Scholer Jung Keun Hyun dongwook han Department of Stem Cell Biology School of Medicine Konkuk University Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science Dankook University Graduate School Cheonan 330714 Republic of Korea Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine Konkuk University Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine 48149 Munster Germany Department of Life Sciences College of Natural Sciences Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea KU Open-lnnovation Center. Institute of Biomedical Science & Technology Konkuk University Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Translational Medicine School of Medicine Konkuk University Seoul 05029 Republic of Korea

Embryonic stem cells （ESCs） maintain their cellular identity through the systematic regulation of master transcription factors and chromatin remodeling complexes. Recent work has shown that the unusually large-scale enhancers-namely super-enhancers （SEs）, on which BRD4, a member of the bromodomain and extraterminal domain （BET） family is highly enriched-could regulate pluripotency-related transcrip- tion factors. Moreover, inhibition of BRD4 binding on SEs has been shown to induce the differentiation of ESCs. However, the underlying mechanism of BRD4 inhibition-mediated stern cell differentiation remains elusive. Here we show that both mouse and human ESCs lose their capacity for self-renewal upon treat- ment with JQ1, a selective inhibitor of BET family including BRD4, with rapid suppression of pluripotency-associated genes. Notably, a high concentration of JQI could selectively eliminate ESCs via apoptosis, without affecting the functionality of differentiated somatic cells from ESCs, suggesting that inhibition of BET may have a beneficial effect on the development of pluripotent stem cell-based cell therapy.

关键词： Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) JQ1 Pluripotent stem cells

Beyond the arylamine convention

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Science China Materials 2025年第2期68卷 685-686页

作者： Liyuan han State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs)offer several advantages including superior durability,compatibility with tandem structures,and thus market-integration potentials[1-4].Research on inverted PSCs has gained momentum with the introduction of molecule-based hole-selective contacts,significantly enhancing device power conversion efficiencies(PCEs).These molecules,consisting of aπ-conjugation unit and an anchoring group,play a critical role in affecting the hole extraction at the interface between the perovskite layer and anode in inverted PSCs[5].

关键词： perovskite durability gained

Dynamic properties of low-density expandable polystyrene concrete materials

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 94-108页

作者： Jue han Hualin Fan Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing 210007China Research Center of Lightweight Structures and Intelligent Manufacturing State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Aerospace StructuresNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Henan International Joint Laboratory of Dynamics of Impact and Disaster of Engineering Structures Department of Civil EngineeringNanyang Institute of TechnologyNanyang 473004China

Expanded polystyrene(EPS)concrete,known for its environmental friendliness,energy absorption capacity,and low impedance,has significant potential application in the fields of wave absorption and vibration *** study designed and prepared EPS concrete materials with four levels of ***-static uniaxial compression and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)impact tests were conducted to obtain stress-strain curves,elastic moduli,failure modes,energy absorptions,and strain rate effects of the EPS concrete under quasi-static and dynamic loading *** influences of density on various performance indicators were *** combining the Zhu-Wang-Tang(ZWT)constitutive model with a modified elastic-brittle model,a modified dynamic constitutive model was *** accuracy of the model was validated by the experimental *** results indicate that the addition of EPS particles enhances the ductility of the EPS *** EPS concrete has significant strain rate effect,which gets stronger as density *** modifiedconstitutive model accurately characterizes the dynamic stress-strain curves of the EPS concrete.

关键词： EPS concrete Impact behavior Constitutive model SHPB test

Secure beamforming and deployment design for rate-splitting multiple access-based UAV communications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 342-356页

作者： Bing WANG Xiaofeng TAO Shujun han Huici WU Kai YANG Zhu han National Engineering Research Center of Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston

Rate-splitting multiple access(RSMA) has recently gained attention as a potential robust multiple access(MA)scheme for upcoming wireless networks. Given its ability to efficiently utilize wireless resources and design interference management strategies, it can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) networks to provide convenient services for large-scale access ground users. However, due to the line-of-sight(LoS) broadcast nature of UAV transmission, information is susceptible to eavesdropping in RSMA-based UAV networks. Moreover, the superposition of signals at the receiver in such networks becomes complicated. To cope with the challenge, we propose a two-user multi-input single-output(MISO) RSMA-based UAV secure transmission framework in downlink communication networks. In a passive eavesdropping scenario, our goal is to maximize the sum secrecy rate by optimizing the transmit beamforming and deployment location of the UAV-base station(UAV-BS),while considering quality-of-service(QoS) constraints, maximum transmit power, and flight space limitations. To address the non-convexity of the proposed problem, the optimization problem is first decoupled into two subproblems. Then, the successive convex approximation(SCA) method is employed to solve each subproblem using different propositions. In addition, an alternating optimization(AO)-based location RSMA(L-RSMA) beamforming algorithm is developed to implement joint optimization to obtain the suboptimal solution. Numerical results demonstrate that(1) the proposed L-RSMA scheme yields a28.97% higher sum secrecy rate than the baseline L-space division multiple access(SDMA) scheme;(2) the proposed L-RSMA scheme improves the security performance by 42.61% compared to the L-non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) scheme.

关键词： rate-splitting multiple access UAV communication precoding optimization deployment location physical layer security

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Recent advances in exploring new blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 35-45页

作者： Xinyu Peng Qian Ma Da han School of Life Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Department of Research and Development Intellinosis Biotechnologies Co.Ltd.Shanghai 201112China

Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent and lethal malignancy worldwide,and the 5-year survival rate is less than 30%.The absence of distinctive symptoms often leads to late-stage diagnosis,contributing to a grim *** detection is pivotal for improving the survival rates and outcomes of GC *** diagnostic methods,including gastroscopy and histopathological examination,are restricted in the early diagnosis of *** protein biomarkers,such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9),and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4),exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity for GC screening,which diminishes their clinical ***,novel circulating biomarkers,such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs),circulating tumor cell DNA(ct DNA),and circulating free RNA(cf RNA),have emerged as promising candidates in the burgeoning field of liquid biopsy due to their superior sensitivity and *** review focuses on the latest research on blood-based biomarkers for GC diagnosis and examines the clinical potentials and challenges associated with these emerging biomarkers.

关键词： gastric cancer early diagnosis blood

Recent advances,strategies,and future perspectives of peptide-based drugs in clinical applications

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第1期23卷 31-42页

作者： Qimeng Yang Zhipeng Hu Hongyu Jiang Jialing Wang han han Wei Shi Hai Qian Centre of Drug Discovery State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease China Pharmaceutical University

Peptide-based therapies have attracted considerable interest in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, bacterial infections, and neurodegenerative diseases due to their promising therapeutic properties and enhanced safety profiles. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the major trends in peptide drug discovery and development, emphasizing preclinical strategies aimed at improving peptide stability, specificity, and pharmacokinetic properties. It assesses the current applications and challenges of peptide-based drugs in these diseases, illustrating the pharmaceutical areas where peptide-based drugs demonstrate significant potential. Furthermore, this review analyzes the obstacles that must be overcome in the future,aiming to provide valuable insights and references for the continued advancement of peptidebased drugs.

关键词： Antimicrobial peptides Diabetes Neurodegenerative diseases Oncology Peptide-based drugs

Fractal autoencoder with redundancy regularization for unsupervised feature selection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 89-102页

作者： Meiting SUN Fangyu LI Honggui han School of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent System Engineering Research Center of Digital Community Ministry of Education Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence

Feature selection is a crucial step in data preprocessing because feature selection reduces the dimensionality of data by eliminating irrelevant and redundant features. Since manual labeling is expensive, unsupervised feature selection has received increasing attention in recent years. However, existing unsupervised feature selection methods tend to prioritize selecting highly correlated features over exploring feature diversity. Thus, a regularized fractal autoencoder(RFAE) method is proposed to select informative features in an unsupervised way. Specifically, the fractal autoencoder network extends autoencoders to construct a correspondence neural network and a selection neural network. The correspondence neural network exploits interfeature correlations and the selection neural network selects the informative features. A redundancy regularization strategy consists of a redundancy elimination regularization term based on the dependency between features and a sparse regularization term based on the group lasso. The redundancy regularization strategy eliminates feature subset redundancy and enhances network generalization ability. Extensive experimental results on six publicly available datasets show that the proposed RFAE outperforms the compared methods regarding clustering accuracy and classification accuracy. Moreover, the proposed RFAE achieves acceptable computation efficiency.

关键词： unsupervised feature selection fractal autoencoder correspondence neural network selection neural network redundancy regularization strategy

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Spatial differentiation of carbon emissions from energy consumption based on machine learning algorithm:A case study during 2015–2020 in Shaanxi,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 358-373页

作者： Hongye Cao Ling han Ming Liu Liangzhi Li China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design Co.Ltd.Xi’an 710043China College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Territorial Spatial Information School of Land EngineeringChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption have become a pressing issue for governments *** estimation of carbon emissions using satellite remote sensing data has become a crucial research *** studies relied on statistical regression models that failed to capture the complex nonlinear relationships between carbon emissions and characteristic *** this study,we propose a machine learning algorithm for carbon emissions,a Bayesian optimized XGboost regression model,using multi-year energy carbon emission data and nighttime lights(NTL)remote sensing data from Shaanxi Province,*** results demonstrate that the XGboost algorithm outperforms linear regression and four other machine learning models,with an R^(2)of 0.906 and RMSE of *** observe an annual increase in carbon emissions,with high-emission counties primarily concentrated in northern and central Shaanxi Province,displaying a shift from discrete,sporadic points to contiguous,extended spatial *** autocorrelation clustering reveals predominantly high-high and low-low clustering patterns,with economically developed counties showing high-emission clustering and economically relatively backward counties displaying low-emission *** findings show that the use of NTL data and the XGboost algorithm can estimate and predict carbon emissionsmore accurately and provide a complementary reference for satellite remote sensing image data to serve carbon emission monitoring and *** research provides an important theoretical basis for formulating practical carbon emission reduction policies and contributes to the development of techniques for accurate carbon emission estimation using remote sensing data.

关键词： Machine learning Energy carbon emissions Nighttime light Spatial distribution

Metamorphopsia after surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 168-177页

作者： han-Tao Zhou Zhong Lin National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Improvements in surgical techniques have led to 90% success in the surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).However,anatomical reattachment of the retina does not ensure complete recovery of visual *** incidence of metamorphopsia remains the most common postoperative complaint,from 24% to 88.6%.Currently,the risk factors of metamorphopsia are categorized into macular involvement,retinal shift,outer retinal folds,subretinal fluid,secondary epiretinal membrane,outer retinal layer damage,and surgical *** associations of metamorphopsia with postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and postoperative vision-related quality of life were still *** most popular methods for assessment of metamorphopsia remain the Amsler grid and *** treatments cannot progress beyond the management of negative visual sensations,through methods such as occlusion therapy and aniseikonia-correcting *** main treatment approach involves RRD prevention and the management of risk factors that can lead to postoperative metamorphopsia after RRD *** research concerning metamorphopsia treatment,further upgrades of auxiliary inspection methods,and more accurate microstructural assessments are needed to address this common complication.

关键词： retinal detachment rhegmatogenous retinal detachment metamorphopsia visual distortion