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Sagittal crest morphology decoupled from relative bite performance in Pleistocene tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)

Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 254-277页

作者： Lisa VAN LINDEN kim STOOPS Larissa C.C.S.DUMBÁ Mario A.COZZUOL Jamie A.MACLAREN Functional Morphology Lab Department of BiologyCampus Drie EikenUniversiteit AntwerpenAntwerpenBelgium Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil Evolution and Diversity Dynamics Lab Department of GeologyUniversitéde LiègeQuartier AgoraLiègeBelgium

Bite force is often associated with speciﬁc morphological features,such as sagittal *** presence of a pro-nounced sagittal crest in some tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)was recently shown to be negatively correlated with hard-object feeding,in contrast with similar cranial structures in *** aim of this study was to investi-gate bite forces and sagittal crest heights across a wide range of modern and extinct tapirs and apply a comparative investigation to establish whether these features are correlated across a broad phylogenetic *** examined a sample of 71 specimens representing 15 tapir species(5 extant,10 extinct)using the dry-skull method,linear measurements of cranial features,phylogenetic reconstruction,and comparative *** were found to ex-hibit variation in bite force and sagittal crest height across their phylogeny and between different biogeographical realms,with high-crested morphologies occurring mostly in Neotropical *** highest bite forces within tapirs appear to be driven by estimates for the masseter–pterygoid muscle complex,rather than predicted forces for the temporalis *** results demonstrate that relative sagittal crest height is poorly correlated with relative cranial bite force,suggesting high force application is not a driver for pronounced sagittal crests in this *** divergent biomechanical capabilities of different contemporaneous tapirids may have allowed multiple species to occupy overlapping territories and partition resources to avoid excess *** forces in tapirs peak in Pleistocene species,independent of body size,suggesting possible dietary shifts as a potential result of climatic changes during this epoch.

关键词： biogeography dry-skull method herbivory mastication niche partitioning Pleistocene

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Friction characteristics of mechanically exfoliated and CVD-grown single-layer MoS_2

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Friction 2018年第4期6卷 395-406页

作者： Dinh Le Cao KY Bien-Cuong TRAN KHAC Chinh Tam LE Yong Soo kim Koo-Hyun CHUNG School of Mechanical Engineering University of Ulsan Department of Physics and Energy Harvest Storage Research Center University of Ulsan

In this work, the friction characteristics of single-layer MoS2 prepared with chemical vapor deposition （CVD） at three different temperatures were quantitatively investigated and compared to those of single-layer MoS2 prepared using mechanical exfoliation. The surface and crystalline qualities of the MoS2 specimens were characterized using an optical microscope, atomic force microscope （AFM）, and Raman spectroscopy. The surfaces of the MoS2 specimens were generally flat and smooth. However, the Raman data showed that the crystalline qualities of CVD-grown single-layer MoS2 at 800 ℃ and 850 ℃ were relatively similar to those of mechanically exfoliated MoS2 whereas the crystalline quality of the CVD-grown single-layer MoS2 at 900 ℃ was lower. The CVD-grown single-layer MoS2 exhibited higher friction than mechanically exfoliated single-layer MoS2, which might be related to the crystalline imperfections in the CVD-grown MoS2. In addition, the friction of CVD-grown single-layer MoS2 increased as the CVD growth temperature increased. In terms of tribological properties, 800 ℃ was the optimal temperature for the CVD process used in this work. Furthermore, it was observed that the friction at the grain boundary was significantly larger than that at the grain, potentially due to defects at the grain boundary. This result indicates that the temperature used during CVD should be optimized considering the grain size to achieve low friction characteristics. The outcomes of this work will be useful for understanding the intrinsic friction characteristics of single-layer MoS2 and elucidating the feasibility of single-layer MoS2 as protective or lubricant layers for micro- and nano-devices.

关键词： atomic force microscope chemical vapor deposition grain boundary friction mechanical exfoliation MoS2

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Human Gait Recognition Based on Sequential Deep Learning and Best Features Selection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5123-5140页

作者： Ch Avais Hanif Muhammad Ali Mughal Muhammad Attique Khan Usman Tariq Ye Jin kim Jae-Hyuk Cha Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Science Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharaj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

Gait recognition is an active research area that uses a walking theme to identify the subject *** Gait Recognition(HGR)is performed without any cooperation from the ***,in practice,it remains a challenging task under diverse walking sequences due to the covariant factors such as normal walking and walking with wearing a ***,over the years,have worked on successfully identifying subjects using different techniques,but there is still room for improvement in accuracy due to these covariant *** paper proposes an automated model-free framework for human gait recognition in this *** are a few critical steps in the proposed ***,optical flow-based motion region esti-mation and dynamic coordinates-based cropping are *** second step involves training a fine-tuned pre-trained MobileNetV2 model on both original and optical flow cropped frames;the training has been conducted using static *** third step proposed a fusion technique known as normal distribution serially *** the fourth step,a better optimization algorithm is applied to select the best features,which are then classified using a Bi-Layered neural *** publicly available datasets,CASIA A,CASIA B,and CASIA C,were used in the experimental process and obtained average accuracies of 99.6%,91.6%,and 95.02%,*** proposed framework has achieved improved accuracy compared to the other methods.

关键词： Human gait recognition optical flow deep learning features fusion feature selection

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Materials and extracellular matrix rigidity highlighted in tissue damages and diseases:Implication for biomaterials design and therapeutic targets

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第2期20卷 381-403页

作者： Jae Hee Park Seung Bin Jo Jung-Hwan Lee Hae-Hyoung Lee Jonathan CKnowles Hae-Won kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science College of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Cell&Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental InstituteUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PFUnited Kingdom

Rigidity(or stiffness)of materials and extracellular matrix has proven to be one of the most significant extracellular physicochemical cues that can control diverse cell behaviors,such as contractility,motility,and spreading,and the resultant pathophysiological *** 2D materials engineered with tunable rigidity have enabled researchers to elucidate the roles of matrix biophysical cues in diverse cellular events,including migration,lineage specification,and mechanical ***,the recent findings accumulated under 3D environments with viscoelastic and remodeling properties pointed to the importance of dynamically changing rigidity in cell fate control,tissue repair,and disease ***,here we aim to highlight the works related with material/matrix-rigidity-mediated cell and tissue behaviors,with a brief outlook into the studies on the effects of material/matrix rigidity on cell behaviors in 2D systems,further discussion of the events and considerations in tissue-mimicking 3D conditions,and then examination of the in vivo findings that concern material/matrix *** current discussion will help understand the material/matrix-rigidity-mediated biological phenomena and further leverage the concepts to find therapeutic targets and to design implantable materials for the treatment of damaged and diseased tissues.

关键词： Matrix rigidity Biophysical cue Cell and tissue engineering 3D biomaterials conditions Therapeutic targets

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Automatic Text Summarization Using Genetic Algorithm and Repetitive Patterns

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 1085-1101页

作者： Ebrahim Heidary Hamïd Parvïn Samad Nejatian Karamollah Bagherifard Vahideh Rezaie Zulkefli Mansor kim-Hung Pho Department of Computer Engineering Yasooj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityYasoojIran Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Department of Computer Science Nourabad Mamasani BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMamasaniIran Department of Electrical Engineering Yasooj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityYasoojIran Young Researchers and Elite Club Yasooj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityYasoojIran Department of Mathematics Yasooj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityYasoojIran Fakulti Teknologi dan Sains Maklumat Universiti Kebangsan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Fractional Calculus Optimization and Algebra Research GroupFaculty of Mathematics and StatisticsTon Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam

Taking into account the increasing volume of text documents,automatic summarization is one of the important tools for quick and optimal utilization of such *** summarization is a text compression process for producing a shorter document in order to quickly access the important goals and main features of the input *** this study,a novel method is introduced for selective text summarization using the genetic algorithm and generation of repetitive *** of the important features of the proposed summarization is to identify and extract the relationship between the main features of the input text and the creation of repetitive patterns in order to produce and optimize the vector of the main document features in the production of the summary document compared to other previous *** this study,attempts were made to encompass all the main parameters of the summary text including unambiguous summary with the highest precision,continuity and *** investigate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm,the results of the study were evaluated with respect to the precision and recall *** results of the study evaluation showed the optimization the dimensions of the features and generation of a sequence of summary document sentences having the most consistency with the main goals and features of the input document.

关键词： Natural language processing extractive summarization features optimization repetitive patterns genetic algorithm

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The RNA Pol Ⅱ sub-complex hsRpb4/7 is required for viability of multiple human cell lines

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Protein & Cell 2012年第11期3卷 846-854页

作者： Yang Zhao kim K.C.Li King Pan Ng Chi Ho Ng Kevin A.W.Lee Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologySai KungHong Kong S.A.R.China

The evolutionarily conserved RNA Polymerase Ⅱ Rpb4/7 sub-complex has been thoroughly studied in yeast and impacts gene expression at multiple levels including transcription,mRNA processing and *** addition Rpb4/7 exerts differential effects on gene expression in yeast and Rpb4 is not obligatory for yeast(***)*** roles for human(hs)Rpb4/7 have not been extensively described and we have probed this question by depleting hsRpb4/7 in established human cell lines using RNA *** find that Rpb4/7 protein levels are inter-dependent and accordingly,the functional effects of depleting either protein are ***4/7 exhibits gene-specific effects and cells initially remain viable upon hsRpb4/7 *** prolonged hsRpb4/7 depletion is cytotoxic in the range of cell lines *** cell death occurs by an unknown mechanism and in some cases is accompanied by a pronounced elongated cell *** conclusion we provide evidence for a gene-specific role of hsRpb4/7 in human cell viability.

关键词： RNA PolymeraseⅡ hsRpb4/7 sub-complex gene expression cell viability cell shape

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Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Accurate Classification of Gastrointestinal Tract Syndromes

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1207-1225页

作者： Zahid Farooq Khan Muhammad Ramzan Mudassar Raza Muhammad Attique Khan Khalid Iqbal Taerang kim Jae-Hyuk Cha Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusWah47040Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirut13-5053Lebanon Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAttock CampusAttock43600Pakistan Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

Accurate detection and classification of artifacts within the gastrointestinal(GI)tract frames remain a significant challenge in medical image *** science combined with artificial intelligence is advancing to automate the diagnosis and treatment of numerous *** to this is the development of robust algorithms for image classification and detection,crucial in designing sophisticated systems for diagnosis and *** study makes a small contribution to endoscopic image *** proposed approach involves multiple operations,including extracting deep features from endoscopy images using pre-trained neural networks such as Darknet-53 and ***,feature optimization utilizes the binary dragonfly algorithm(BDA),with the fusion of the obtained feature *** fused feature set is input into the ensemble subspace k nearest neighbors(ESKNN)*** Kvasir-V2 benchmark dataset,and the COMSATS University Islamabad(CUI)Wah private dataset,featuring three classes of endoscopic stomach images were *** assessments considered various feature selection techniques,including genetic algorithm(GA),particle swarm optimization(PSO),salp swarm algorithm(SSA),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),and grey wolf optimizer(GWO).The proposed model excels,achieving an overall classification accuracy of 98.25% on the Kvasir-V2 benchmark and 99.90% on the CUI Wah private *** approach holds promise for developing an automated computer-aided system for classifying GI tract syndromes through endoscopy images.

关键词： Feature fusion Darknet-53 Xception binary dragonfly algorithm ensemble

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Medical Image Compression Method Using Lightweight Multi-Layer Perceptron for Mobile Healthcare Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 2013-2029页

作者： Taesik Lee dongsan Jun Sang-hyo Park Byung-Gyu kim Jungil yun Kugjin yun Won-Sik Cheong Kyungnam University Changwon51767Korea Kyungpook National University Daegu41566Korea Sookmyung Women’s University Seoul04310Korea Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon34129Korea

As video compression is one of the core technologies required to enable seamless medical data streaming in mobile healthcare applications,there is a need to develop powerful media codecs that can achieve minimum bitrates while maintaining high perceptual *** Video Coding(VVC)is the latest video coding standard that can provide powerful coding performance with a similar visual quality compared to the previously developed method that is High Efficiency Video Coding(HEVC).In order to achieve this improved coding performance,VVC adopted various advanced coding tools,such as flexible Multi-type Tree(MTT)block structure which uses Binary Tree(BT)split and Ternary Tree(TT)***,VVC encoder requires heavy computational complexity due to the excessive Ratedistortion Optimization(RDO)processes used to determine the optimalMTT block *** this paper,we propose a fast MTT decision method with two Lightweight Neural Networks(LNNs)using Multi-layer Perceptron(MLP),which are applied to determine the early termination of the TT split within the encoding *** results show that the proposed method significantly reduced the encoding complexity up to 26%with unnoticeable coding loss compared to the VVC TestModel(VTM).

关键词： Mobile healthcare video coding complexity reduction multilayer perceptron VVC intra prediction multi-type tree ternary tree neural network

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Randomized clinical trial comparing fixed-time split dosing and split dosing of oral Picosulfate regimen for bowel preparation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第32期23卷 5986-5993页

作者： Jae Hyuck Jun Koon Hee Han Jong Kyu Park Hyun Il Seo Young Don kim Sang Jin Lee Baek Gyu Jun Min Sik Hwang Yoon Kyoo Park Myeong Jong kim Gab Jin Cheon Department of Internal Medicine Gangneung Asan Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Catholic Kwandong University

AIM To compare the efficacy of fixed-time split dose and split dose of an oral sodium picosulfate for bowel *** This is study was prospective, randomized controlled study performed at a single Institution(2013-058). A total of 204 subjects were assigned to receive one of two sodium picosulfate regimens(i.e., fixed-time split or split) prior to colonoscopy. Main outcome measurements were bowel preparation quality and subject *** There was no statistical difference between the fixedtime split dose regimen group and the split dose regimen group(Ottawa score mean 2.57 ± 1.91 vs 2.80 ± 2.51, P = 0.457). Cecal intubation time and physician's satisfaction of inspection were not significantly different between the two groups(P = 0.428, P = 0.489). On subgroup analysis, for afternoon procedures, the fixed-time split dose regimen was equally effective as compared with the split dose regimen(Ottawa score mean 2.56 ± 1.78 vs 2.59 ± 2.27, P = 0.932). There was no difference in tolerability or compliance between the two groups. Nausea was 21.2% in the fixed-time split dose group and 14.3% in the split dose group(P = 0.136). Vomiting was 7.1% and 2.9%(P = 0.164), abdominal discomfort 7.1% and 4.8%(P = 0.484), dizziness 1% and 4.8%(P = 0.113), cold sweating 1% and 0%(P = 0.302) and palpitation 0% and 1%(P = 0.330), respectively. Sleep disturbance was two(2%) patients in the fixed-time split dose group and zero(0%) patient in the split dose preparation(P = 0.143) *** A fixed-time split dose regimen with sodium picosulfate is not inferior to a split dose regimen for bowel preparation and equally effective for afternoon colonoscopy.

关键词： Colonoscopy Bowel preparation Split dose preparation Sodium picosulfate Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale

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Defect-Detection Model for Underground Parking Lots Using Image Object-Detection Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2493-2507页

作者： Hyun Kyu Shin Si Woon Lee Goo Pyo Hong Lee Sael Sang Hyo Lee Ha Young kim Architectural Engineering Hanyang UniversityERICAAnsan15588Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence Ajou UniversitySuwon16499Korea Division of Architecture and Civil Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Korea Division of Smart Convergence Engineering Hanyang UniversityERICAAnsan15588Korea Graduate School of Information Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea

The demand for defect diagnoses is gradually gaining ground owing to the growing necessity to implement safe inspection methods to ensure the durability and quality of ***,conventional manpower-based inspection methods not only incur considerable cost and time,but also cause frequent disputes regarding defects owing to poor ***,the demand for an effective and efficient defect-diagnosis model for concrete structures is imminent,as the reduction in maintenance costs is significant from a long-term ***,this paper proposes a deep learning-based image objectidentification method to detect the defects of paint peeling,leakage peeling,and leakage traces that mostly occur in underground parking lots made of concrete *** deep learning-based object-detection method can replace conventional visual inspection methods.A faster region-based convolutional neural network(R-CNN)model was used with a training dataset of 6,281 images that utilized a region proposal network to objectively localize the regions of interest and detect the surface *** defects were classified according to their type,and the learning of each exclusive model was ensured through test sets obtained from real underground parking *** a result,average precision scores of 37.76%,36.42%,and 61.29%were obtained for paint peeling,leakage peeling,and leakage trace defects,***,this study verified the performance of the faster RCNN-based defect-detection algorithm along with its applicability to underground parking lots.

关键词： Faster R-CNN deep learning defect detection concrete structures

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