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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 18-33页

作者： Xi-Guang Cao Yan-Long Chang Kai Chen Emilio Ciuffoli Li-Min Duan dong-liang fang Chao-Song Gao Surja K.Ghorui Peng-Chong Hu Qiang Hu Si-Yuan Huang Ze-Yu Huang Lei Lang Yu-Lan Li Zhi-Jie Li Tian-Yu liang Jun Liu Chen-Gui Lu Fa-Tai Mai Yuan Mei Hao Qiu Xiang-Ming Sun Xiao-Xing Tang Hu-Lin Wang Qian-Ming Wang Le Xiao Mu-Yun Xiao Jian-Yu Xin Nu Xu Peng Yang Yi-Chen Yang Zhen Yang Zong-Yang Yu dong-liang Zhang Jun-Wei Zhang Cheng-Xin Zhao Dou Zhu NνDEx-100 collaboration Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720USA North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Zhengzhou 450045China 不详

Observing nuclear neutrinoless double beta (0vββ) decay would be a revolutionary result in particle physics.Observing such a decay would prove that the neutrinos are their own antiparticles,help to study the absolute mass of neutrinos,explore the origin of their mass,and may explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe by lepton number violation.We propose developing a time projection chamber (TPC) using high-pressure ^(82)SeF_(6) gas and Topmetal silicon sensors for readout in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of82Se,called the NvDEx experiment.Besides being located at CJPL with the world’s thickest rock shielding,NvDEx combines the advantages of the high Qββ(2.996 MeV) of82Se and the TPC’s ability to distinguish signal and background events using their different topological characteristics.This makes NvDEx unique,with great potential for low-background and high-sensitivity 0 vββsearches.NvDEx-100,a NvDEx experiment phase with 100 kg of SeF_(6)gas,is being built,with plans to complete installation at CJPL by 2025.This report introduces 0 vββ physics,the NvDEx concept and its advantages,and the schematic design of NvDEx-100,its subsystems,and background and sensitivity estimation.

关键词： Neutrinoless double beta decay Time projection chamber ^(82)SeF_(6) China Jinping Underground Laboratory

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What can we learn from recent 2νββexperiments?

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 93-103页

作者：房栋梁 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of sciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Recent measurements of the two neutrino double beta decay high precision electron spectra,combined with charge exchange orβ-decay experimental data,have revealed severe constraints across current nuclear many body calculations.Our calculations show that the quasi-particle random phase approximation(QRPA)approach can adequately reproduce the measured spectra for the two open shell nuclei,^(82)Se and ^(100)Mo.For the closed shell nucleus ^(136)Xe,QRPA can also reproduce the spectra with proper treatments.Considering the high-lying state reduction,we also find that the nuclear shell model can also adequately reproduce the spectra and Gamow-Teller transition strength under a unique quenched axial-vector coupling constant gA.For ^(136)Xe,we find that flipping the sign for the decay strength causes the spectra to go beyond the so-called high-lying state dominance hypothesis.These results call for future high precision measurements of charge-exchange reactions.

关键词： nuclear stucture double beta decay electron spectra

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Sufficient Conditions for Amalgamated 3-Manifolds to be ∂-Irreducible

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第2期45卷 161-172页

作者： Bing fang Fengchun LEI liang liang School of Mathematical Sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina School of Mathematics Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029LiaoningChina

In this paper,the authors give some sufficient conditions for an amalgamated 3-manifold along a compact connected surface F with boundary to be ∂-irreducible in terms of distances between some kinds of vertex subsets ... 详细信息

关键词： ∂-Irreducibility Irreducibility Amalgamated 3-manifold Curve complex Arc complex

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Fight or flee,a vital choice for Clostridioides difficile

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 14-20页

作者： Ji Zeng Sshuying fang Jinquan Guo Min dong Guo-Bao Tian liang Tao School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Department of Brest Surgery Panyu Central Hospital.GuangzhouChina Department of Microbiology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Urology Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Microbiology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Advanced Medical Technology Center The First Affiliated HospitalZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina School of Medicine Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyangChina Center for Infectious Disease Research Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina Research Center for Industries of the Future School of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections,causing billions of economic losses every year.Its symptoms range from mild diarrhea to life-threatening damage to the colon.Transmission and recurrence of c.difficile infection(CDl)are mediated by the metabolically dormant spores,while the virulence of C.difficile is mainly due to the two large clostridial toxins,TcdA and TcdB.Producing toxins or forming spores are two different strategies for C.difficile to cope with harsh environmental conditions.It is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms for C.difficile to skew to either of the cellular processes.Here,we summarize the current understanding of the regulation and connections between toxin production and sporulation in C.difficile and further discuss the potential solutions for yet-to-be-answered questions.

关键词： C.difficile sporulation TcdA TcdB toxin production

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Cuproptosis mediates copper-induced testicularspermatogenic cell death

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 295-301页

作者： Jing-Yi Zhang Xu-Jun Yu Jun-Jun Li Yao Xiao Guang-Sen Li fang Yang liang dong Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137China Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital The Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University ofTraditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611130China TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University ofTraditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610072China Department of Surgery The Reproductive and Women-Children HospitalChengdu University of TraditionalChinese MedicineChengdu 610041China

Cuproptosis,a novel mechanism of programmed cell death,has not been fully explored in the context of spermatogenic cells.Thisstudy investigated the potential involvement of cuproptosis in spermatogenic cell death using a mouse model of copper overload.Sixty male Institute of Cancer Research(ICR)mice were randomly divided into four groups that received daily oral gavage withsodium chloride(control)or copper sulfate(CuSO4)at 50 mg kg−1,100 mg kg−1,or 200 mg kg−1,for 42 consecutive days.Micesubjected to copper overload exhibited a disruption in copper homeostasis.Additionally,significant upregulated expression of keycuproptosis factors was accompanied by a significant rise in the rates of testicular tissue cell apoptosis.Immunohistochemicalanalysis revealed the presence of ferredoxin 1(Fdx1)in Sertoli cells,Leydig cells,and spermatogenic cells at various stages oftesticular development,and the Fdx1-positive staining area was significantly increased in copper-overloaded mice.Mitochondrialdysfunction and decreased adenosine triphosphate levels were also observed,further implicating mitochondrial damage undercuproptosis.Further analyses revealed pathological lesions and blood−testis barrier destruction in the testicular tissue,accompaniedby decreased sperm concentration and motility,in copper-overloaded mice.In summary,our results indicate that copper-overloadedmice exhibit copper homeostasis disorder in the testicular tissue and that cuproptosis participates in spermatogenic cell death.These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying spermatogenic cell death and provide initialexperimental evidence for the occurrence of cuproptosis in the testis.

关键词： blood−testis barrier cuproptosis ferredoxin 1 spermatogenic cell death

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A New Method for Solving Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations Based on Liquid Time-Constant Networks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 480-493页

作者： SUN Jiuyun dong Huanhe fang Yong College of Mathematics and Systems Science Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

In this paper,physics-informed liquid networks(PILNs)are proposed based on liquid time-constant networks(LTC)for solving nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs).In this approach,the network state is controlled via ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The significant advantage is that neurons controlled by ODEs are more expressive compared to simple activation functions.In addition,the PILNs use difference schemes instead of automatic differentiation to construct the residuals of PDEs,which avoid information loss in the neighborhood of sampling points.As this method draws on both the traveling wave method and physics-informed neural networks(PINNs),it has a better physical interpretation.Finally,the KdV equation and the nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation are solved to test the generalization ability of the PILNs.To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first deep learning method that uses ODEs to simulate the numerical solutions of PDEs.

关键词： Nonlinear partial differential equations numerical solutions physics-informed liquid networks physics-informed neural networks

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Effect of catalyst diesel particulate filter aging and catalyst loadings on particulate emission characteristics from a diesel vehicle

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 35-44页

作者： Yunhua Zhang Diming Lou Piqiang Tan Zhiyuan Hu liang fang School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

In this study,the effect of new and used catalyzed diesel particulate filter(CDPF)with different catalyst loadings on the particulate emissions including the particle mass(PM),particle number(PN),particle size distribution(PSD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)from a diesel vehicle were investigated based on a heavy chassis dynamometer.Results showed that more than 97.9%of the PN and 95.4%of the PM were reduced by the CDPF,and the reduction efficiency was enhanced by the catalyst loading.After using the CDPF,the PSD transformed from bimodal to trimodal with the peak shifting towards smaller particle size,more nucleation mode particles were reduced compared with accumulation mode ones,but the reduction effect on the accumulation mode particles was more significantly influenced by the catalyst loading.Notably,the CDPF increased the accumulation mode particles proportion,producing a larger GMD.For the used CDPF,its reduction effect on the particulate emissions enhanced,especially for the PM in accumulation mode.The PSD returned to bimodal,but the peak at accumulation mode began to be higher than that at nucleation mode,illustrating that more nucleation mode particles was removed.The aging of the CDPF resulted in greater effect on the PN-based PSD than that of PM-based PSD,but the effect of catalyst loading on the PN and PM emission factors was weakened.The used CDPF further increased the GMD,and the effect of catalyst loading on the GMD was strengthened,a higher catalyst loading led to a reduction in the GMD.

关键词： Catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) Catalyst loading Aging Particle Particle size distribution Geometric mean diameter

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Reynosin protects neuronal cells from microglial neuroinflammation by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by NADPH oxidase

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第6期22卷 486-500页

作者： YANG Yanqiu CHE Yue fang Mingxia YAO Xiaohu ZHOU Di WANG Feng CHEN Gang liang dong LI Ning HOU Yue Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province College of Life and Health SciencesNorth-eastern UniversityShenyang 110000China National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart IndustryMinistry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110000China School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning provinceKey Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang CityShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110000China State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541000China

Neuroinflammation,mediated by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing-3(NLRP3)inflammasome,is a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases(NDDs).Reynos-in,a natural sesquiterpene lactone(SL),exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects,suggesting its potential therapeutic value.However,the effects and mechanism of reynosin on neuroinflammation remain elusive.The current study explores the effects and mechanisms of reynosin on neuroinflammation using mice and BV-2 microglial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Our findings reveal that reynosin effectively reduces microglial inflammation in vitro,as demonstrated by decreased CD11b expression and lowered interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)and interleukin-18(IL-18)mRNA and protein levels.Correspondingly,in vivo,results showed a re-duction in the number of Iba-1 positive cells and alleviation of morphological alterations,alongside decreased expressions of IL-1βand IL-18.Further analysis indicates that reynosin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation,evidenced by reduced transcription of NLRP3 and caspase-1,diminished NLRP3 protein expression,inhibited apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC)oli-gomerization,and decreased caspase-1 self-cleavage.Additionally,reynosin curtailed the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinuc-leotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase,demonstrated by reduced NADP^(+)and NADPH levels,downregulation of gp91^(phox) mRNA,pro-tein expression,suppression of p47^(phox) expression and translocation to the membrane.Moreover,reynosin exhibited a neuroprotective effect against microglial inflammation in vivo and in vitro.These collective findings underscore reynosin’s capacity to mitigate mi-croglial inflammation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome,thus highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing neuroinflammation.

关键词： Microglia NLRP3 inflammasome Reactive oxygen species NADPH oxidase Neuron Reynosin

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Physical informed memory networks for solving PDEs:implementation and applications

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 51-61页

作者： Jiuyun Sun Huanhe dong Yong fang College of Mathematics and Systems Science Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

With the advent of physics informed neural networks(PINNs),deep learning has gained interest for solving nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs)in recent years.In this paper,physics informed memory networks(PIMNs)are proposed as a new approach to solving PDEs by using physical laws and dynamic behavior of PDEs.Unlike the fully connected structure of the PINNs,the PIMNs construct the long-term dependence of the dynamics behavior with the help of the long short-term memory network.Meanwhile,the PDEs residuals are approximated using difference schemes in the form of convolution filter,which avoids information loss at the neighborhood of the sampling points.Finally,the performance of the PIMNs is assessed by solving the Kd V equation and the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation,and the effects of difference schemes,boundary conditions,network structure and mesh size on the solutions are discussed.Experiments show that the PIMNs are insensitive to boundary conditions and have excellent solution accuracy even with only the initial conditions.

关键词： nonlinear partial differential equations physics informed memory networks physics informed neural networks numerical solution

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Progress in neurorehabilitation research and the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2010 to 2022

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 226-232页

作者： Qian Tao Honglu Chao dong fang Dou Dou School of Medicine Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Health and Life Science University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Health Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the major funding agencies for neuro rehabilitation research in China.This study reviews the frontier directions and achievements in the field of neurorehabilitation in China and wo rldwide.We used data from the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC) database to analyze the publications and data provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to analyze funding information.In addition,the prospects for neurorehabilitation research in China are discussed.From 2010 to 2022,a total of 74,220 publications in neurorehabilitation were identified,with there being an overall upward tendency.During this period,the National Natural Science Foundation of China has funded 476 research projects with a total funding of 192.38 million RMB to support neuro rehabilitation research in China.With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China has made some achievements in neurorehabilitation research.Research related to neurorehabilitation is believed to be making steady and significant progress in China.

关键词： brain computer interface invasive neuromodulation National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) neuroreha bilitation non-invasive brain stimulation publication rehabilitation robotics virtual reality

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