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Enhanced risk assessment framework integrating distribution dynamics, genetically inferred populations, and morphological traits of Diploderma lizards

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 15-26页

作者： Qi Xiao Xiu-dong Shi Lin Shi Zhong-Yi Yao You-hua Chen Wei-Zhao Yang Zi-Yan Liao Yin Qi Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Mangkang Ecological Station Xizang Ecological Safety Monitor Network

Assessing the threat status of species in response to global change is critical for biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts. However, current frameworks, even the IUCN Red List, often neglect critical factors such as genetic diversity and the impacts of climate and land-use changes, hindering effective conservation planning. To address these limitations, we developed an enhanced extinction risk assessment framework using Diploderma lizards as a model. This framework incorporates long-term field surveys, environmental data, and land-use information to predict distributional changes for 10 recently described Diploderma species on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, which hold ecological significance but remain underassessed in conservation assessment. By integrating the distribution data and genetically inferred effective population sizes(Ne), we conducted scenario analyses and used a rank-sum approach to calculate Risk ranking scores(RRS) for each species. This approach revealed significant discrepancies with the IUCN Red List assessments. Notably, D. yangi and D. qilin were identified as facing the highest extinction risk. Furthermore, D. vela,D. batangense, D. flaviceps, D. dymondi, D. yulongense,and D. laeviventre, currently classified as “Least Concern”,were found to warrant reclassification as “Vulnerable” due to considerable threat from projected range *** the relationship between morphology and RRS revealed that traits such as snout-vent length and relative tail length could serve as potential predictors of extinction risk, offering preliminary metrics for assessing species vulnerability when comprehensive data are *** study enhances the precision of extinction risk assessment frameworks and demonstrates their capacity to refine and update risk assessments, especially for lesser-known taxa.

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Construction of axial and point chirality through Ni-catalyzed sila-cycloaddition reaction via desymmetrization and (dynamic) kinetic resolution

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： hua-Jie Zhu Ming-Hao shen Jia-Wei Si Wei-Ke Zhu Xiao-Jun Fang Fei Ye Jian Cao Zheng Xu Li-Wen Xu Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hangzhou Normal University State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Suzhou Research Institute Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Recent developments in chirality chemistry have revealed remarkable instances of atropisomers featuring multiple chiral elements. Despite significant progress in the synthesis and application of atropisomers, developing a synthetic protocol for the simultaneous introduction of axial and point chirality is still a fascinating challenge. In this context, we present a convenient and versatile method for synthesizing novel atropisomers with axial and point chirality. This approach, based on a new reaction mechanism with nickel-controlled Si–C bond activation, facilitates the controllable migratory insertion of aldehydes into the Ni–C bond. We utilize multidimensional strategies of desymmetrization, kinetic resolution and dynamic kinetic resolution to complete enantioselective nickel-catalyzed ring expansion of benzosilacyclobutenes with aldehydes. The design of multidimensional kinetic resolution, desymmetrization, and dynamic resolution, features a straightforward catalytic system, mild reaction conditions, and broad functional group tolerances. Various axially chiral biaryl oxasilacycles bearing carbon-or siliconstereogenic centers are obtained with excellent diastereo-and enantio-selectivities(up to >20:1 dr and >99.9% ee) through the use of a chiral Ni complex with a large cavity-type 1,1,4,4-tetra-aryl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-L-threitol(TADDOL)-derived phosphoramidite ligand.

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注意力适配:数字技术驱动下基层行政负担的治理转化——基于江苏Z村数字积分运行的实证考察

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中共天津市委党校学报 2025年第1期27卷 74-84页

作者：金华董冉江苏师范大学公共管理与社会学院江苏徐州221116 江苏师范大学地方政府治理创新研究中心江苏徐州221116

随着大数据、人工智能的加速迭代和应用落地,数字技术被视为解构基层行政负担、提升行政效能的重要手段。领导注意力以不同的分配策略牵引数字技术的作用方向,数字技术通过纵向压力传导、横向资源竞争、内部行动路线细化加剧基层行政负... 详细信息

随着大数据、人工智能的加速迭代和应用落地,数字技术被视为解构基层行政负担、提升行政效能的重要手段。领导注意力以不同的分配策略牵引数字技术的作用方向,数字技术通过纵向压力传导、横向资源竞争、内部行动路线细化加剧基层行政负担。基层行政负担呈现三种基本样态,即技术性负担、制度性负担与互动性负担。技术性负担源自注意力错位与技术认知失调引发的目标偏差,制度性负担源自注意力短视与制度不稳定性引发的价值偏差,互动性负担源自注意力失衡与利益竞争引发的跨部门协同乏力。科学、合理地运用数字技术化解基层行政负担,要明确领导注意力分配限度,建立差异化分配机制;构建数字治理规则,推进注意力与数字治理的平衡;完善数字治理的配套制度,厘清各级权责体系;建立科学的考评体系,推进基层行政负担实质性减轻。

关键词：数字技术基层行政负担注意力分配数字化转型

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输入光波长变化对DPE厚环输出效果的影响

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中国激光 2001年第3期28卷 237-241页

作者：李琦高惠德董蕴华申作春王骐哈尔滨工业大学光电子技术研究所可调谐(气体)激光技术国防科技重点实验室哈尔滨150001

在已设计并实验实现了氦氖 6 32 8nm高斯光束输入环输出的 16阶衍射相位元件 (DPE)基础上 ,模拟了与设计不同的输入光的波长对DPE整形效果的影响 ;利用与设计DPE波长不同的半导体激光器 (波长为 6 6 0nm)进行了实验研究。结果表明 :在... 详细信息

在已设计并实验实现了氦氖 6 32 8nm高斯光束输入环输出的 16阶衍射相位元件 (DPE)基础上 ,模拟了与设计不同的输入光的波长对DPE整形效果的影响 ;利用与设计DPE波长不同的半导体激光器 (波长为 6 6 0nm)进行了实验研究。结果表明 :在DPE与输出平面的间隔 (L 值 )始终为设计值时 ,当输入光波长处于 6 30～ 6 37nm范围内 ,环上均匀性的均方误差SE不大于 1% ;当输入波长与L值满足L =L0 ×λ0 /λ′时 ,波长在 6 32 8± 37(nm)的范围内 ,环上均匀性的均方误差SE不大于 1% ,实验结果与理论模拟基本相吻合。

关键词：衍射相位元件环形光强分布数值模拟光波长厚环输出效果

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Development and characterization of bacterial wilt-resistant synthetic polyploid peanuts

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 125-134页

作者： Du, Pei Zeng, Fanpei Wang, Qian Miao, Lijuan Qi, Feiyan Yang, Meili Wang, Xiao Liu, hua Chen, Guoquan Fu, Liuyang Han, Suoyi Sun, Ziqi Qin, Li dong, Wenzhao Zhang, Xinyou The shennong Laboratory/Nation Industrial Innovation Centre for Bio-Breeding/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in huang-huai-Hai Plains Ministry of Agriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement/Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Postgraduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University Henan Zhengzhou 450002 China School of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou University Henan Zhengzhou 450001 China School of Life Science Zhengzhou University Henan Zhengzhou 450001 China Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Henan Hebei 458031 China

Wild peanut (Arachis) species are promising sources of disease resistance for improving peanut cultivars. The objective of this study was to assess cross-compatibility among cultivated and wild peanuts in crosses between eight peanut cultivars and 27 wild species carrying the A, B, E, Ex, F, K, P, and H genomes. Embryo culture and chromosome doubling led to polyploids representing hybrids between cultivated peanut and A. stenosperma, A. macedoi, A. duranensis, A. villosa, and A. diogoi. The first two showed greater resistance to bacterial wilt than their cultivated parents. DNA markers were developed for verifying the hybrids and for identifying translocation or introgression lines with alien chromosome fragments. © 2025 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS

关键词： Bacterial wilt Cross compatibility Peanut Polyploids Wild species

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基于改进蚁群算法的植保无人机三维航迹规划

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中国农机化学报 2025年第2期46卷 113-119页

作者：沈朝萍张华蔡鹏江苏航空职业技术学院航空工程学院江苏镇江212134 中国科学院大学南京学院南京市211135

针对当前许多基于二维地图的无人机航迹规划难以满足丘陵山地的植保需求,对经典蚁群算法进行改进与平滑处理,提出一种创新的三维航迹规划方法。优化初始信息素,加快蚁群初期收敛速度;改进启发式函数,确保航迹的合理性;引入精英蚁群更新... 详细信息

针对当前许多基于二维地图的无人机航迹规划难以满足丘陵山地的植保需求,对经典蚁群算法进行改进与平滑处理,提出一种创新的三维航迹规划方法。优化初始信息素,加快蚁群初期收敛速度;改进启发式函数,确保航迹的合理性;引入精英蚁群更新策略,增强后续蚁群的探索能力;动态调整信息素更新机制,保证算法前期的强探索性并加快算法收敛速度。仿真试验表明,改进蚁群算法具有路径更短、能耗更低、航迹更平滑等优势,同时环境适应性良好。改进蚁群算法相比于经典蚁群算法和A*算法,航迹长度分别缩短40.86%和2.83%,无人机总能耗分别减少45.04%和12.13%,算法运行时间分别节约31.32%和8.86%;在有障碍的三维复杂环境中,验证改进蚁群算法的避障规划能力。

关键词：植保无人机改进蚁群算法丘陵山地三维航迹规划避障

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Low-carbon Economic Energy Routing Strategy via Adaptive Geometry Estimation Based Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm

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Zhongguo Dianji Gongcheng Xuebao/Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering 2025年第4期45卷 1394-1408页

作者： hua, Haochen Shi, Junbo Chen, Xingying Yu, Kun Qin, Yuchao shen, Jun Ding, Yi He, Dawei College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Jiangsu Province Nanjing210098 China Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0WA United Kingdom School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Haidian District Beijing100081 China College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310027 China Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Tsinghua University Sichuan Province Chengdu610213 China

With the continuous promotion of the "Carbon peak and carbon neutrality", the regional energy internet based on energy router has received widespread attention. This article aims to study an energy routing strategy, which enables the system to operate in a low-carbon and economically efficient manner by selecting the optimal energy routing path. It should be emphasized that in the graph structured regional energy internet, the energy routing path with the least power loss may not necessarily lead to the lowest carbon emissions, and vice versa. In order to simultaneously reduce the power losses and carbon emissions in the system, this paper proposes an energy routing strategy to achieve Pareto optimality between power losses and carbon emissions by controlling the output of each microgrid and selecting the energy supply path. First, this article proposes a congestion free path search method based on depth-first search to obtain energy routing path. Afterwards, adaptive geometry estimation based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (AGE-MOEA) is used to quickly obtain the Pareto optimal set. Then, the optimal compromise solution can be selected through the comprehensive weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). Finally, simulation analysis is conducted in the regional energy internet scenario, and the results show that compared with the existing energy routing algorithm, the energy routing strategy proposed in this paper can reduce carbon emissions by 58.24% with only a 4.73% increase in power losses. Moreover, the AGE-MOEA used in this paper reduces the solution time by 5.8% compared to the existing algorithm while guaranteeing the effectiveness of the solution. ©2025 *** ***.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms

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Facile synthesis of the dodecahydridododecaborate (B12H122-) from borane Lewis base adducts

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yi Jing Xin-Ran Liu Xing-hua Wang Hui Han Sha-Sha Liang Xi-Meng Chen dong-Hui Wei Lai-sheng Wang Xue-Nian Chen College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced MaterialsHenan Normal University Department of Chemistry Brown University

Polyhedral boranes are a class of well-known boron molecular clusters widely used in energy,chemistry,medicine,and materials science because of their unique physical and chemical *** efforts have been made in the past decades to find more effective synthetic methods for this important class of boron ***,existing synthetic methods suffer from low efficiency and low ***,we report a facile one-pot synthesis of[（CH3）3S]2B12H12with moderate yields at mild *** mechanisms for the multi-step chemoselective synthesis of B12H122-without other by-products are elucidated based on theoretical results and our previous *** Lewis base used in B–H bond condensation reaction,which acts as a hydrogen or to balance the newly generated polyhedral borane charges,is proposed and studied in *** current study has led to a more effective and selective synthetic method for B12H122-and has also implicated the syntheses of other new polyhedral boranes.

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基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS和网络药理学探讨天麻抗炎的物质基础及其作用机制

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食品科学 2025年第4期46卷 30-43页

作者：徐柠檬董仕豪秦粉申开泽李为兰华燕郭磊西南林业大学生物与食品工程学院云南昆明650224 昭通学院云南省天麻与真菌共生生物学重点实验室云南昭通657000 昭通学院云南省天麻绿色种植与加工工程研究中心云南昭通657000

为探讨天麻有效部位抗炎物质基础和作用机制,以天麻为原料,采用不同极性溶剂进行逐级提取,分别得到石油醚提取物、二氯甲烷提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物和水提取物,并测定了各提取物的活性成分及生物活性,以此筛选天麻有效部... 详细信息

为探讨天麻有效部位抗炎物质基础和作用机制,以天麻为原料,采用不同极性溶剂进行逐级提取,分别得到石油醚提取物、二氯甲烷提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物和水提取物,并测定了各提取物的活性成分及生物活性,以此筛选天麻有效部位。通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)技术对天麻有效部位进行成分鉴定,并利用网络药理学预测天麻有效部位潜在抗炎活性成分及作用靶点,将潜在活性成分与治疗炎症的核心靶点进行分子对接。结果表明:乙酸乙酯提取物中具有较高含量的活性成分,总多酚、总黄酮和多糖的含量分别为(164.69±1.57)、(64.81±3.21)mg/g和(279.64±3.11)mg/g;各提取物均具有较强的体外抗氧化和抗炎活性,其中乙酸乙酯提取物展现出最强的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力和体外抗炎活性。相关性分析显示,总多酚含量与DPPH自由基清除能力半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC_(50))和2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)阳离子自由基清除能力IC_(50)呈显著相关(P<0.05)和极显著相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别-0.587和-0.873;总黄酮含量分别与NO抑制能力IC_(50)和牛血清白蛋白变性抑制能力IC_(50)呈显著相关(P<0.05)和极显著相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别-0.780和-0.842。同时,采用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术从天麻乙酸乙酯提取物中共鉴定出164个化学成分,网络药理学获得核心活性成分为5-(5-Methoxycarbonyl-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl)-3-methylpentanoic acid、4,4,8,10,14-Pentamethyl-17-(4,5,6-trihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,5,6,7,9,15-hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,16-dione、Simvastatin等,关键靶点包括TP53、SRC、PIK3R1、PIK3CA、AKT1等,主要涉及到癌症有关通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、环磷酸腺苷等信号通路,分子对接结果显示核心活性成分与关键靶点具有较好的结合活性。

关键词：天麻活性成分抗氧化活性抗炎活性网络药理学分子对接

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Pharmacological targeting cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis by tryptanthrin induces microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype and promotes functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3287-3301页

作者： Ziwei Fan Mengxian Jia Jian Zhou Zhoule Zhu Yumin Wu Xiaowu Lin Yiming Qian Jiashu Lian Xin hua Jianhong dong Zheyu Fang Yuqing Liu Sibing Chen Xiumin Xue Juanqing Yue Minyu Zhu Ying Wang Zhihui huang Honglin Teng Department of Orthopedics(Spine Surgery) the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Research Center Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord *** of shifting microglia polarization from M1(neurotoxic and proinflammatory type)to M2(neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory type)after spinal cord injury appears to be *** possesses an anti-inflammatory biological ***,its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury remain *** this study,we found that tryptanthrin inhibited microglia-derived inflammation by promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype in *** promoted M2 polarization through inactivating the cGAS/STING/NF-κB ***,we found that targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway with tryptanthrin shifted microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype after spinal cord injury,inhibited neuronal loss,and promoted tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord ***,using a conditional co-culture system,we found that microglia treated with tryptanthrin suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related neuronal *** together,these results suggest that by targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis,tryptanthrin attenuates microglia-derived neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through shifting microglia polarization to the M2 phenotype.

关键词： cGAS/STING functional recovery microglia neuroinflammation neuroprotection nuclear factor-κB polarization spinal cord injury tryptanthrin

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