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DMPP mitigates N_(2)O and NO productions by inh.biting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in an intensified vegetable field under different temperature and moisture regimes

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Pedosph.re 2024年第3期34卷 652-663页

作者： Xi zhang Xintong XU Ch.nyuan WANG Qianqian zhang Yubing dong Zh.ngqin XIONG Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and Gh.s Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095(China) Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceGeorg-August University of GottingenGottingen 37077(Germany) State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300(China) h.aiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuh.ai Region in Jiangsu Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesHuai’an 223001(China)

Vegetable soils with.h.gh.nitrogen input are major sources of nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)and nitric oxide(NO),and incorporation of th. nitrification inh.bitor 3,4-dimeth.lpyrazole ph.sph.te(DMPP)into soils h.s been documented to effectively reduce ***,th. efficiency of DMPP in terms of soil N_(2)O and NO mitigations varies greatly depending on soil temperature and moisture ***,furth.r evaluations of DMPP efficiency in diverse environments are required to encourage widespread application.A laboratory incubation study(28 d)was establish.d to investigate th. interactive effects of DMPP,temperature(15,25,and 35?C),and soil moisture(55% and 80% of water-h.lding capacity(Wh.))on net nitrification rate,N_(2)O and NO productions,and gene abundances of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in an intensive vegetable *** sh.wed th.t incubating soil with.1%DMPP led to partial inh.bition of th. net nitrification rate and N_(2)O and NO productions,and th. reduction percentage of N_(2)O production was h.gh.r th.n th.t of NO production(69.3%vs.38.2%)regardless of temperature and soil moisture *** increased temperatures promoted th. net nitrification rate but decreased soil N_(2)O and NO *** moisture influenced NO production more th.n N_(2)O production,decreasing with.th. increased moisture level(80%).Th. inh.bitory effect of DMPP on cumulative N_(2)O and NO productions decreased with.increased temperatures at 55%***,th. inh.bitory effect of DMPP on cumulative N_(2)O production increased with.increased temperatures at 80%*** on th. correlation analyses and automatic linear modeling,th. mitigation of both.N_(2)O and NO productions from th. soil induced by DMPP was attributed to th. decreases in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)amoA gene abundance and NO_(2)^(-)-N ***,our study indicated th.t DMPP reduced both.N_(2)O and NO productions by regulating th. associated AOB amoA gene abundance and NO_(2)^(-)-N concentra

关键词： 3,4-dimeth.lpyrazole ph.sph.te environment condition gene abundance nitrification inh.bitor nitrite accumulation soil water content

Transmissive reconfigurable metasurface enabling independent control of active and passive modules th.ough.weak coupling

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Ph.tonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1449-1456页

作者： KUN XUE h.NG WEI CILEI zhang YONGh.O zhang h.OLIANG SUN Sh.Oh.A dong Peng Ch.ng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency h.terogeneous Integration College of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Metasurfaces h.ve demonstrated rich.electromagnetic control capabilities and degrees of freedom in past years. As is well known, for passive metasurfaces, th.ir functionalities cannot be furth.r expanded accordingly once prototypes are establish.d. Th.refore, reconfigurable metasurfaces, utilizing active devices to replace geometric ch.nges in passive structures, h.ve received widespread attention, especially with.th. development of wireless communication recently. In reconfigurable metasurfaces, artificial meta-atoms are composed of active devices and passive structures combined togeth.r. h.wever, th.se two modules are usually utilized as a wh.le due to th. tigh. coupling of th. active devices and th. passive structures, wh.ch.results in passive structures not receiving sufficient attention and being utilized as independent degrees of freedom. In th.s article, we propose th. concept of weakly coupled reconfigurable metasurfaces in transmissive systems, enabling independent control of active and passive modules th.ough.weak coupling. As th. proof of concept, a simple weakly coupled system is proposed, wh.ch.can realize th. transmission wavefront engineering th.ough.th. geometric ch.nges of meta-structures in passive mode, wh.le ach.eving switch.ng between transmission and reflection states in active mode, respectively. Our exploration lies in making use of th. ph.sical structure, wh.ch.is easily neglected in traditional reconfigurable metasurface design, emph.sizing th. collaborative work of active and passive modules, exploring more available variables with.n th. same aperture, and providing a potential solution for balancing functionality and resource consumption in practical applications.

关键词： modules coupling weakly

Mech.nical beh.viors of mylonitic granite and granitic protomylonite in a deep ductile sh.ar zone

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Journal of Rock Mech.nics and Geotech.ical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2663-2677页

作者： Lanbin zhang Ru zhang Li Ren Zh.long zhang Zetian zhang dong Wang Xinzh.ng Wang h.ijun Lu State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and h.alth. Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth.Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Ch.na Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Company Ltd.Chengdu610065China Sch.ol of Arch.tecture and Civil Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu610065China

For projects near th. tectonic belt,mylonite of varying metamorph.c degrees may be *** matrix proportion of rock reflects its internal microscopic ch.racteristics,th.s it is beneficial for engineering geology to study th. effect of th. matrix proportion on th. mech.nical properties and rupture beh.viors of *** of mylonitic granite and granitic protomylonite with.varying matrix proportions were obtained from a ductile sh.ar zone for a series of uniaxial compression and acoustic emission(AE)*** results sh.wed th.t with.th. increase in matrix proportion,th. average strength.and elastic modulus of th. samples increased,and th. rock sample with.th. largest matrix proportion exh.bited th. maximum peak stress of 244.42 MPa,wh.ch.was 45.86%greater th.n th. average peak stress of th. rock samples with.th. smallest matrix *** th. rock samples with.larger matrix proportion,th.ir mech.nical parameters exh.bited greater dispersion and th. large-scale appearance of AE events occurred earlier,sh.wing a relatively gradual failure *** samples h.d larger accumulated AE parameter values and greater degree of *** contrast,for samples with.smaller matrix proportions,th. large-scale appearance of AE events occurred close to th. peak stress,indicating th.t th. occurrence of damage and fractures was centralized and *** samples h.d lower accumulated AE parameter values and fewer cracks after ***,for th. rock samples with.more matrix proportion,th. average variance of th. b-value was 1.1,wh.ch.was lower th.n th.t of rock samples with.th. smallest matrix proportion(th. average variance of th. b-value was 3.7).Furth.rmore,it can be predicted th.t under certain stress,th. failure depth.around a tunnel is generally smaller wh.n th. strength.of rock samples with.larger matrix proportion is greater.

关键词： Mylonite Matrix proportion Mech.nical properties Acoustic emission(AE) Rupture beh.viors

h.st-induced silencing of MpPar6 confers Myzus persicae resistance in transgenic rape plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 187-194页

作者： Qi zhang Wenqin Zh.n Ch.o Li Ling Ch.ng Yi dong Jiang zhang State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Oil Crops Research.Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China Agricultural Genomics Institute at Sh.nzh.n Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China

Plant-mediated RNA interference(RNAi)h.s emerged as a promising tech.ology for insect *** green peach.aph.d,Myzus persicae,feeds on over 400 species of h.st *** napus(rape)is th. second most important oilseed crop *** persicae is h.gh.y reproductive and causes severe damage to th. rape plants due to its quite flexible life *** th.s study,we tested th. RNAi effects of transgenic rape plants on *** in vitro feeding *** with.artificial diets containing double-stranded RNAs(dsRNAs)targeting seven aph.d genes,we identified a new gene encoding th. partitioning-defective protein 6(Par6)as th. most potent RNAi ***-and stage-expression analysis of Par6 suggested th.s gene is h.gh.y expressed in th. embryo and adult stage of *** next generated transgenic rape plants expressing ds Par6 by Agrobacteriummediated transformation and obtained nine independent transgenic *** to wild-type control plants,transgenic rape lines expressing ds Par6 sh.wed strong resistance to *** assays revealed th.t feeding transgenic rape plants to *** significantly decreased MpPar6 expression and survival rate and impaired ***,we sh.wed th.t th. resistance levels to *** are positively correlated with.ds Par6 expression levels in transgenic rape *** study demonstrates th.t transgenic rape plants expressing ds Par6 are efficiently protected from *** with.th. genes involved in embryo development could be th. effective RNAi targets for controlling aph.ds and potentially oth.r insect pests.

关键词： oilseed rape pest control aph.d double-stranded RNA RNA interference

Color Image Compression and Encryption Algorith. Based on 2D Compressed Sensing and h.perch.otic System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1977-1993页

作者： Zh.qing dong Zh.o zhang h.ngyan Zh.u Xuebo Ch.n Sch.ol of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051China Sch.ol of Electronic and Information Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051China

With.th. advent of th. information security era,it is necessary to guarantee th. privacy,accuracy,and dependable transfer of *** study presents a new approach.to th. encryption and compression of color *** is predicated on 2D compressed sensing(CS)and th. h.perch.otic ***,an optimized Arnold scrambling algorith. is applied to th. initial color images to ensure strong ***,th. processed images are con-currently encrypted and compressed using 2D *** th.m,ch.otic sequences replace traditional random measurement matrices to increase th. system’s ***,th. processed images are re-encrypted using a combination of permutation and diffusion *** addition,th. 2D projected gradient with.an embedding decryption(2DPG-ED)algorith. is used to reconstruct *** with.th. traditional reconstruction algorith.,th. 2DPG-ED algorith. can improve security and reduce computational ***,it h.s better *** experimental outcome and th. performance analysis indicate th.t th.s algorith. can with.tand malicious attacks and prove th. meth.d is effective.

关键词： Image encryption image compression h.perch.otic system compressed sensing

Role of cancer stem cell ecosystem on breast cancer metastasis and related mouse models

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 506-517页

作者： Xilei Peng h.onan dong Lixing zhang Suling Liu Fudan University Sh.ngh.i Cancer Center&Institutes of Biomedical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering/Cancer Institutes/Department of Oncology/Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Sh.ngh.i/Sh.ngh.i Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics/Sh.ngh.i Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology/International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism Ministry of Science and Technology/Shanghai Medical College/Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Breast cancer metastasis is responsible for most breast cancer-related death. and is influenced by many factors with.n th. tumor ecosystem,including tumor cells and *** cancer stem cells(BCSCs)constitute a small population of cancer cells with.unique ch.racteristics,including th.ir capacity for self-renewal and *** h.ve sh.wn th.t BCSCs not only drive tumorigenesis but also play a crucial role in promoting metastasis in breast *** tumor microenvironment(TME),composed of stromal cells,immune cells,blood vessel cells,fibroblasts,and microbes in proximity to cancer cells,is increasingly recognized for its crosstalk with.BCSCs and role in BCSC survival,growth.and dissemination,th.reby influencing metastatic ***,a th.rough.understanding of BCSCs and th. TME is critical for unraveling th. mech.nisms underlying breast cancer *** th.s review,we summarize current knowledge on th. roles of BCSCs and th. TME in breast cancer metastasis,as well as th. underlying regulatory ***,we provide an overview of relevant mouse models used to study breast cancer metastasis,as well as treatment strategies and clinical trials addressing BCSC-TME interactions during ***,th.s study provides valuable insigh.s for th. development of effective th.rapeutic strategies to reduce breast cancer metastasis.

关键词： Breast cancer Metastasis Cancer stem cell Ecosystem Tumor microenvironment Mouse model

A Galaxy Image Augmentation Meth.d Based on Few-sh.t Learning and Generative Adversarial Networks

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Research.in Astronomy and Astroph.sics 2024年第3期24卷 180-193页

作者： Yiqi Yao Jinqu zhang Ping Du Sh.yu dong Sch.ol of Artificial Intelligence South China Normal UniversityFoshan 528225China Sch.ol of Computer Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Guangdong Construction Vocational Tech.ology Institute Guangzhou 511500China

Galaxy morph.logy classifications based on mach.ne learning are a typical tech.ique to h.ndle enormous amounts of astronomical observation data,but th. key ch.llenge is h.w to provide enough.training data for th. mach.ne learning *** th.s article proposes an image data augmentation meth.d th.t combines few-sh.t learning and generative adversarial *** Galaxy10 DECaLs data set is selected for th. experiments with.consistency,variance,and augmentation effects being *** popular networks,including AlexNet,VGG,and ResNet,are used as examples to study th. effectiveness of different augmentation meth.ds on galaxy morph.logy *** results sh.w th.t th. proposed meth.d can generate galaxy images and can be used for expanding th. classification model’s training *** to comparative studies,th. best enh.ncement effect on model performance is obtained by generating a data set th.t is 0.5–1 time larger th.n th. original data ***,different augmentation strategies h.ve considerably varied effects on different types of ***-GAN ach.eved th. best classification performance on th. ResNet network for In-between Round Smooth.Galaxies and Unbarred Loose Spiral Galaxies,with.F1 Scores of 89.54%and 63.18%,*** comparison reveals th.t various data augmentation tech.iques h.ve varied effects on different categories of galaxy morph.logy and mach.ne learning ***,th. best augmentation strategies for each.galaxy category are suggested.

关键词： tech.iques image processing-galaxies structure-galaxies general

h.drogen storage th.rmodynamics and kinetics of as-cast Ce-Mg-Ni-based alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research.International 2024年第3期31卷 752-766页

作者： Yan Qi Xin zhang Jun Li dong-liang Zh.o Sh.-h.i Guo Yang-h.an zhang Department of Functional Material Research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China Ch.na Rare Earth.New Material(Weish.n)Co..Ltd. Jining 277600ShandongChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010Inner MongoliaChina

Th. reaction kinetics of alloys based on magnesium are known to be greatly improved by th. partial substitution of Mg with.rare earth. and transition metals,particularly *** enh.nced superficial h.drogen dissociation rate,th. weakened Mg-h.bond and th. lower activation energy following element replacement are th.ugh. to be related to th. better *** experimental alloys Ce5Mg_(95-x)Ni_(x)(x=5,10,15)were smelted by th. vacuum induction *** ph.se transformation and structural evolution of experimental alloys before and after reaction with.h.drogen were ch.r-acterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron *** cast specimens contain CeMg_(12),Mg and Mg_(2)Ni ph.ses,and th. increase in Ni content results in an obvious growth.of Mg_(2)Ni *** isoth.rmal and non-isoth.rmal h.drogenation and deh.drogenation kinetics of th. experimental specimens were investi-gated using th. Sievert apparatus,differential scanning calorimetry and th.rmal gravimetric *** activation energy may be calculated using th. Arrh.nius and Kissinger *** experimental alloys h.ve been sh.wn to h.ve good activation properties,with.a reversible h.driding and deh.driding capacities of around 5.0 wt.%in th. first *** initial deh.drogenation temperature of Mgh.(2) decreases from 557.5 to 537.7 K with.ch.nging Ni content from 5 to 15 at.%.Th. deh.drogenation activation energy also reduces from 77.09 to 62.96 kJ/mol,wh.ch.explains th. improved h.drogen storage performance caused by Ni *** can be sh.wn th.t th. impact of Ni on th. decomposition enth.lpy of Mgh.(2) is quite modest,with.th. absolute enth.lpy(Δh.)only decreasing from 78.48 to 76.15 kJ/mol.

关键词： Mg-based alloy Ni content h.drogen storage kinetics Th.rmodynamic property Activation energy

Deep learning CNN-APSO-LSSVM h.brid fusion model for feature optimization and gas-bearing prediction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2329-2344页

作者： Jiu-Qiang Yang Nian-Tian Lin Kai zhang Yan Cui Ch.o Fu dong zhang College of Earth.Sciences and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Transportation Institute of Inner Mongolia University Key Laboratory of Gas h.drate Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Ministry of Natural Resources

Conventional mach.ne learning(CML) meth.ds h.ve been successfully applied for gas reservoir prediction. Th.ir prediction accuracy largely depends on th. quality of th. sample data; th.refore, feature optimization of th. input samples is particularly important. Commonly used feature optimization meth.ds increase th. interpretability of gas reservoirs; h.wever, th.ir steps are cumbersome, and th. selected features cannot sufficiently guide CML models to mine th. intrinsic features of sample data efficiently. In contrast to CML meth.ds, deep learning(DL) meth.ds can directly extract th. important features of targets from raw data. Th.refore, th.s study proposes a feature optimization and gas-bearing prediction meth.d based on a h.brid fusion model th.t combines a convolutional neural network(CNN)and an adaptive particle swarm optimization-least squares support vector mach.ne(APSO-LSSVM). Th.s model adopts an end-to-end algorith. structure to directly extract features from sensitive multicomponent seismic attributes, considerably simplifying th. feature optimization. A CNN was used for feature optimization to h.gh.igh. sensitive gas reservoir information. APSO-LSSVM was used to fully learn th. relationsh.p between th. features extracted by th. CNN to obtain th. prediction results. Th. constructed h.brid fusion model improves gas-bearing prediction accuracy th.ough.two processes of feature optimization and intelligent prediction, giving full play to th. advantages of DL and CML meth.ds. Th. prediction results obtained are better th.n th.se of a single CNN model or APSO-LSSVM model. In th. feature optimization process of multicomponent seismic attribute data, CNN h.s demonstrated better gas reservoir feature extraction capabilities th.n commonly used attribute optimization meth.ds. In th. prediction process, th. APSO-LSSVM model can learn th. gas reservoir ch.racteristics better th.n th. LSSVM model and h.s a h.gh.r prediction accuracy. Th. constructed CNN-APSO-LSSVM mode

关键词： Multicomponent seismic data Deep learning Adaptive particle swarm optimization Convolutional neural network Least squares support vector mach.ne Feature optimization Gas-bearing distribution prediction