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Korean Chungtaejeon tea extract attenuates weight gain in C57BL/6J-Lep ob/ob mice and regulates adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第1期15卷 56-63页

作者： Bhesh Raj Sharma dong Wook Kim dong young rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Medicine Industry Mokpo NationalUniversity Jeonnam 534-729 Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE： Traditional Korean Chungtaejeon （CTJ） tea is a type of fermented tea, which has received increasing attention in recent years because of its purported health benefits. The present study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of CTJ tea extract on body weight gain using C57BL/6J-Lep ob/ob mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes, respectively. METHODS： The effects of CTJ on cell viability, lipid accumulation, and expression of protein and mRNA were measured in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, oil red O staining, Western blotting, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses. C57BL6J-Lep ob/ob mice were administered with CTJ （200 or 400 mg/kg body weight） for ten weeks. Then, body weight, food intake, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured in ob/ob mice. RESULTS： CTJ tea extract treated at 250 wg/mL （CTJ250） significantly suppressed lipid accumulation in the differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Likewise, CTJ250 significantly decreased the protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Y （PPARy）, CCJ^u~,T/enhancer-binding protein a, and adipocyte lipid- binding protein, and regulated the mRNA expression of PPART, sterol regulatory element-binding protein- lc gene, fatty acid synthase, adipocyte lipid-binding protein, hormone-sensitive lipase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1, cluster of differentiation 36, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mice administered with CTJ showed dose-dependent decrease in body weight gain, starting from week 4 of the experiment. CTJ tea extract administered at 400 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased fat mass, food efficacy ratio, and levels of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol. CONCLUSION： CTJ attenuated weight gain in ob/ob mice and regulated the activity of the molecules involved in adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. CTJ is a potentially valuable herbal therapy for the prevention of obesity and/or obesity-related diso

关键词： adipogenesis Chungtaejeon lipolysis C57BL/6J-Lep ob/ob mice weight loss

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Caulerpa okamurae extract attenuates inflammatory interaction,regulates glucose metabolism and increases insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第3期18卷 253-264页

作者： Bikash Manandhar Hyun Jung Kim dong young rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Herbal Medicine Industry Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 58554South Korea College of Pharmacy Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 58554South Korea

Objective: To examine whether Caulerpa okamurae ethanolic extract(COE) could inhibit obesitymediated inflammation, improve glucose metabolism and increase insulin sensitivity, using in vitro cell models of RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3 T3-L1 adipocytes.Methods: We cocultured 3 T3-L1 adipocytes in direct contact with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and induced insulin resistance in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes with tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a) in the presence or absence of 250 mg/m L of COE. We investigated various markers of inflammation, glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity in these models using Griess reagent to measure nitric oxide(NO) production, 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose to measure glucose uptake, Western blot analysis to quantify protein expression and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction to evaluate m RNA expression.Results: We found that COE(250 mg/m L) significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages by downregulating NO production, nitric oxide synthase 2 expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-j B. COE also showed similar anti-inflammatory activity in coculture, along with decreased TNF-a, interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein m RNA expression. In addition, COE also improved glucose uptake in coculture by upregulating glucose transporter-4(GLUT-4) and adiponectin and reducing serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS1). In the TNF-a-induced insulin resistance model of 3 T3-L1 adipocytes, COE significantly improved both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, accompanied by phosphorylation of IRS1 at tyrosine 632, phospho-50 adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase a and glycogen synthase kinase-3 b(Ser9) as well as upregulation of GLUT-4.Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest that COE has potential to treat or prevent obesity-induced metabolic disorders.

关键词： Caulerpa okamurae RAW 264.7 macrophages 3T3-L1 adipocytes Coculture Metabolic disorder

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Direct 4D printing of functionally graded hydrogel networks for biodegradable,untethered,and multimorphic soft robots

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 407-416页

作者： Soo young Cho dong Hae Ho Sae Byeok Jo Jeong Ho Cho Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061United States of America School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Recent advances in functionally graded additive manufacturing(FGAM)technology have enabled the seamless hybridization of multiple functionalities in a single structure.Soft robotics can become one of the largest beneficiaries of these advances,through the design of a facile four-dimensional(4D)FGAM process that can grant an intelligent stimuli-responsive mechanical functionality to the printed objects.Herein,we present a simple binder jetting approach for the 4D printing of functionally graded porous multi-materials(FGMM)by introducing rationally designed graded multiphase feeder beds.Compositionally graded cross-linking agents gradually form stable porous network structures within aqueous polymer particles,enabling programmable hygroscopic deformation without complex mechanical designs.Furthermore,a systematic bed design incorporating additional functional agents enables a multi-stimuli-responsive and untethered soft robot with stark stimulus selectivity.The biodegradability of the proposed 4D-printed soft robot further ensures the sustainability of our approach,with immediate degradation rates of 96.6%within 72 h.The proposed 4D printing concept for FGMMs can create new opportunities for intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing in soft robotics.

关键词： intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing multi-material four-dimensional printing untethered soft robot multi-stimuli-responsive soft robot biodegradable soft robotics

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Nelumbo Nucifera leaf extract attenuated pancreatic β-cells toxicity induced by interleukin-1β and interferon-γ, and increased insulin secrection of pancreatic β-cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第1期36卷 71-77页

作者： Bhesh Raj Sharma Min Suk Kim dong young rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Medicine Industry Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 534-729Republic of Korea Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331The United States of America

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Nelumbo Nucifera leaf water extract(NNLE) on insulinoma(RIN)cells induced by interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interferon-g(IFN-γ), and injured pancreatic β-cells induced by Streptozotocin(STZ) in rats.METHODS: The anti-oxidative effects of NNLE were assessedusing 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and nitric oxide(NO) scavenging assays. The inhibitory effect of NNLE on α-glucosidase and DPP(dipeptidyl peptidase)-IV was measured in vitro. Pancreatic β-cell protective and insulin secretory effects were assessed, using IL-1β and IFN-γ-induced rat RIN cells. STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with 50, 100, and 400 mg/kg NNLE for 4 weeks. The effects of NNLE on blood glucose(BG), body weight(BW), and lipid profiles were measured.RESULTS: NNLE inhibited DPPH, NO, α-glucosidase,and DPP-Ⅳ which were directly linked to the function of β-cells. Furthermore, NNLE protected RIN cells from toxicity induced by IL-1β and IFN-γ, decreased NO production, and increased insulin secretion. NNLE caused a significant reduction in blood glucose, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC),blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, it significantly decreased BW loss in STZ-induced diabetic rats.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that NNLE reduced the toxicity in insulinoma cells and increased insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

关键词：中医理论预防养生

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Anti-diabetic effects of Caulerpa lentillifera:stimulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells and enhancement of glucose uptake in adipocytes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第7期4卷 575-580页

作者： Bhesh Raj Sharma dong young rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Medicine Industry Mokpo National University

Objective:To evaluate anti-diabetic effect of Caulrpa kntillifera(C.lentillifera).Methods:The inhibitory effect of C.lentillifera extract on dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and a-glucosidase enzyme was measured in a cell free system.Then,interleukin-1βand interferon-γinduced cell death and insulin secretion were measured in rat insulinoma(RIN)cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and ELISA kit,respectively.Glucose uptake and glucose transporter expression were measured by fluorometry and western blotting,using 3T3-Ll adipocytes.Results:C.lentillifera extract significantly decreased dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and a-glucosidase enzyme activities,and effectively inhibited cell death and iNOS expression in interleukin-1βand interfcron-γinduced RIK cells.Furthermore,C.lntillifera extract significantly enhanced insulin secretion in RTN cells and glucose transporter expression and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1adipocytes.Conclusions:Thus,our results suggest that C.lentillifera could be used as a potential antidiabetic agenl.

关键词： Gaulerpa lentillifera Diabetes Glucose uptake Insulin secretion RIN cells 3T3-1 1 adipocytes

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Transparent high-performance piezoceramics through pressureless sintering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 561-567页

作者： Hye-Lim Yu Woo-Seok Kang Ju-Hyeon Lee Temesgen Tadeyos Zate young-Jin Lee Bo-Kun Koo dong-Jin Shin Min-Soo Kim Soon-Jong Jeong young Ghyu Ahn Wook Jo Department of Material Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Energy Conversion Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research InstituteChangwon 51543Republic of Korea MLCC Development Team Component Biz.UnitSamsung Electro-Mechanics Co.Ltd.Suwon 16674Republic of Korea

Piezoelectricity offers an electromechanical coupling that is widely utilized in transducer applications.There has been a consistent demand for transparent piezoelectric materials for optoelectrical applications.Therefore,despite the inherent tradeoff between the transparency and the piezoelectricity,numerous strategies have been explored to develop the transparent piezoelectric materials.Nonetheless,the most transparent piezoelectric materials developed to date is either a single crystal or materials that achieve transparency via hot-press sintering,limiting its industrial applicability.Therefore,we introduce a novel piezoelectric material that ensures transparency through co-doping and pressureless sintering of polycrystalline ceramics.In this study,we employed a compositional optimization approach to enhance the synergistic effect between the transparency and the piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–0.29PbTiO_(3)(PMN–0.29PT)ceramics.By utilizing the tape casting process for mass production and large-area manufacturing,our Pb_(0.913)La_(0.0145)Sm_(0.0145)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.71)Ti_(0.29)O_(3)(TP2.9)ceramics exhibited over 60%transparency and large piezoelectric coefficient(d33)of 1104 pC/N.This material holds considerable promise for a wide range of industrial applications in both the optical and electronic domains.

关键词： piezoelectric ceramics transparency pressureless sintering co-doping tape casting

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Trends in colorectal cancer incidence according to an increase in the number of colonoscopy cases in Korea

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 51-60页

作者： Ga Hee Kim Yeong Chan Lee Tae Jun Kim Sung Noh Hong dong Kyung Chang young-Ho Kim dong-Hoon Yang Chang Mo Moon Kyunga Kim Hyun Gun Kim Eun-Ran Kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Digital Health Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and TechnologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 07985South Korea Biomedical Statistics Center Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04401South Korea

BACKGROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)and preinvasive CRC(e.g.,early colon cancer and advanced adenoma)is gradually increasing in several countries.AIM To evaluate the trend in incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC according to the increase in the number of colonoscopies performed in Korea.METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled Korean patients from 2002 to 2020 to evaluate the incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC,and assess the numbers of diagnostic colonoscopies and colonoscopic polypectomies.Colonoscopy-related complications by age group were also determined.RESULTS The incidence of CRC showed a rapid increase,then decreased after 2012 in the 50-75 year-age group.During the study period,the rate of incidence of preinvasive CRC increased at a similar level in patients under 50 and 50-75 years of age.Since 2009,the increase has been rapid,showing a pattern similar to the increase in colonoscopies.The rate of colonoscopic polypectomy in patients aged under 50 was similar to the rate in patients over 75 years of age after 2007.The rate of complications after colonoscopy and related deaths within 3 mo was high for those over 75 years of age.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of preinvasive CRC increased with the increase in the number of colonoscopies performed.As the risk of colonoscopy-related hospitalization and death is high in the elderly,if early lesions at risk of developing CRC are diagnosed and treated under or at the age of 75,colonoscopy-related complications can be reduced for those aged 76 years or over.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Preinvasive colorectal cancer Colorectal polypectomy Colonoscopy

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Experience of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia in adults: Twelve case series from a tertiary referral hospital

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 746-757页

作者： Ji Eun Na Ji Eun Kim Sujin Park Eun Ran Kim Sung Noh Hong young-Ho Kim dong Kyung Chang Department of Internal Medicine Inje University Haeundae Paik HospitalBusan 48108South Korea Department of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Department of Pathology Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea

BACKGROUND While primary intestinal lymphangiectasia(PIL)is considered a rare condition,there have been several reported cases in adults.Nevertheless,the absence of clear guidance from diagnosis to treatment and prognosis poses challenges for both physicians and patients.AIM To enhance understanding by investigating clinical presentation,diagnosis,treatment,complications,and prognoses in adult PIL cases.METHODS We enrolled adult patients diagnosed with PIL between March 2016 and September 2021.The primary outcome involved examining the diagnosis and treatment process of these patients.The secondary outcomes included identifying complications(infections,thromboembolism)and assessing prognoses(frequency of hospitalization and mortality)during the follow-up period.RESULTS Among the 12 included patients,peripheral edema(100%)and diarrhea(75%)were the main presenting complaints.Laboratory tests showed that all the pati-ents exhibited symptoms of hypoalbuminemia and hypogammaglobulinemia.Radiologically,the predominant findings were edema of the small intestine(67%)and ascites(58%).The typical endoscopic finding with a snowflake appearance was observed in 75%of patients.Among the 12 patients,two responded positive-ly to octreotide and sirolimus,and eight who could undergo maintenance therapy discontinued subsequently.Complications due to PIL led to infection in half of the patients,thromboembolism in three patients,and one death.CONCLUSION PIL can be diagnosed in adults across various age groups,with different severity and treatment responses among patients,leading to diverse complications and prognoses.Consequently,tailored treatments will be necessary.We anticipate that our findings will contribute to the management of PIL,an etiology of protein-losing enteropathy.

关键词： Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia in adults Protein-losing enteropathy Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis

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Depolarization mitigated in ferroelectric Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)ultrathin films(<5 nm)on Si substrate by interface engineering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 282-292页

作者： Se Hyun Kim younghwan Lee dong Hyun Lee Geun Hyeong Park Hyun Woo Jeong Kun Yang Yong Hyeon Cho young Yong Kim Min Hyuk Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science&TechnologyPohang 790784Republic of Korea

(Hf,Zr)O_(2)offers considerable potential for next-generation semiconductor devices owing to its nonvolatile spontaneous polarization at the nanoscale.However,scaling this material to sub-5 nm thickness poses several challenges,including the formation of an interfacial layer and high trap concentration.In particular,a low-k SiO_(2)interfacial layer is naturally formed when(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films are directly grown on a Si substrate,leading to high depolarization fields and rapid reduction of the remanent polarization.To address these issues,we conducted a study to significantly improve ferroelectricity and switching endurance of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films with sub-5 nm thicknesses by inserting a TiO_(2)interfacial layer.The deposition of a Ti film prior to Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film deposition resulted in a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer and prevented the direct contact of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)with Si.Our findings show that the high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer can reduce the SiO_(2)/Si interface trap density and the depolarization field,resulting in a switchable polarization of 60.2μC/cm^(2)for a 5 nm thick Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film.Therefore,we propose that inserting a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer between the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film and the Si substrate may offer a promising solution to enhancing the ferroelectricity and reliability of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)grown on the Si substrate and can pave the way for next-generation semiconductor devices with improved performance.

关键词： ferroelectric charge trapping hafnia depolarization

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Towards full-stack deep learning-empowered data processing pipeline for synchrotron tomography experiments

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 127-138页

作者： Zhen Zhang Chun Li Wenhui Wang Zheng dong Gongfa Liu Yuhui dong Yi Zhang National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Synchrotron tomography experiments are transitioning into multifunctional,cross-scale,and dynamic characterizations,enabled by new-generation synchrotron light sources and fast developments in beamline instrumentation.However,with the spatial and temporal resolving power entering a new era,this transition generates vast amounts of data,which imposes a significant burden on the data processing end.Today,as a highly accurate and efficient data processing method,deep learning shows great potential to address the big data challenge being encountered at future synchrotron beamlines.In this review,we discuss recent advances employing deep learning at different stages of the synchrotron tomography data processing pipeline.We also highlight how applications in other data-intensive fields,such as medical imaging and electron tomography,can be migrated to synchrotron tomography.Finally,we provide our thoughts on possible challenges and opportunities as well as the outlook,envisioning selected deep learning methods,curated big models,and customized learning strategies,all through an intelligent scheduling solution.

关键词： processing pipeline outlook

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