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Challenges and countermeasures for developing countries in addressing loss and damage caused by climate change

Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 353-363页

作者： Shuo liU Yu-E li Bin WANG An-dong CAI Chao feng Hua LAN Ruo-Chen ZHAO Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China China Clean Development Mechanism Fund Management Center Beijing 100045China School of International Law China University of Political Science and LawBeijing 100088China

Loss and damage caused by extreme climate events have attracted increasing *** 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(hereinafter referred to as the Convention)has agreed to adopt Loss and Damage Fund agreement,which identified the source of funding and the funds to be entrusted to the World ***,there is still ambiguous that how to allocate the funds could accelerate the effectiveness of meeting the needs for developing ***-disaster prevention and preparedness is one of the most effective measures to deal with loss and damage,which closely related to *** studies rarely analyzed quantitatively the financial needs of pre-disaster prevention and preparedness relating to adaptation to reduce loss and *** on the official reports submitted by countries under the Convention,this study analyzes the annual change in the total financial support provided by developed countries to developing countries,the proportion of pre-disaster prevention and preparedness in the adaptation needs of developing countries,and the progress in raising the current annual funding target of 100 billion USD for developed countries,to reveal the financial and technical challenges facing by developing countries on addressing loss and *** results show that by 2030,the total adaptation financial needs of developing countries are estimated to be about 3.8 trillion USD,of which pre-disaster prevention matters account for about 9%.Therefore,by 2030,developing countries will need about 342 billion USD in pre-disaster prevention and preparedness finance to withstand loss and *** addition,developing countries face a lack of technical methods to quantify information about their *** on the above analysis,this study puts forward countermeasures and suggestions,including strengthening the allocation amount of loss and damage fund on pre-disaster warning,prevention and control actions,and

关键词： Loss and damage Funding mechanism Pre-disaster warning and preparedness Convention negotiations Countermeasures

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Community structure and species diversity dynamics of a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China:2005 to 2020

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 70-77页

作者： Shi-Guang Wei lin li Kun-dong Bai Zhi-feng Wen Jing-Gang Zhou Qin lin Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilin 541004GuangxiChina School of life&Environmental Sciences Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004GuangxiChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in lijiang River Basin Guilin 541004GuangxiChina Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of South China Botanical Garden of Degraded Ecosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650GuangdongChina Center of Plant Ecology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650GuangdongChina

Here,we characterize the temporal and spatial dynamics of forest community structure and species diversity in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in *** found that community structure in this forest changed over a 15-year ***,renewal and death of common species was large,with the renewal of individuals mainly concentrated within a few populations,especially those of Aidia canthioides and Cryptocarya *** numbers of individual deaths for common species were concentrated in the small and mid-diameter *** spatial distribution of community species diversity fluctuated in each monitoring period,showing a more dispersed diversity after the 15-year study period,and the coefficient of variation on quadrats *** 2010,the death and renewal of the community and the spatial variation of species diversity were different compared to other survey *** weather may have affected species regeneration and community stability in our subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved *** findings suggest that strengthening the monitoring and management of the forest community will help better understand the long-and short-term causes of dynamic fluctuations of community structure and species diversity,and reveal the factors that drive changes in community structure.

关键词： Community structure Death and renewal dynamics Species diversity dynamics South subtropical forest

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Enhanced cyclic stability of partially disordered spinel cathodes through direct fluorination with gaseous fluorine

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1635-1646页

作者： Yong-Nian Ma ling-Chen Kong Shao-Shan Chen Yong Wang li-dong Sun Cong Peng Meng-Meng Qin Yu li Wei feng Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Institute of Advanced Technology and Equipment Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China

Spinel-type cathodes are considered an optimal substitute for conventional layered oxide cathodes owing to their use of inexpensive and earth-abundant manganese as the redox-active ***,the introduction of cation disorder can effectively suppress the detrimental two-phase reaction to realize high capacities in a wide voltage ***,the continuous capacity decay during cycles has hindered the widespread application of these cathode *** fluorides exhibit excellent electrochemical stability at high voltage;therefore,in this study,the direct F2 gas reaction with a partially disordered spinel cathode(li_(1.6)Mn_(1.6)O_(3.7)F_(0.3,)LMOF1.6)was initially applied to investigate the impacts of fluorination on the surface structure and electrochemical *** inorganic fluorinated layer,mainly containing liF,was distributed uniformly on the surface of LMOF1.6nanoparticles after fluorination for an appropriate time without the turbulence caused by the valency of manganese cation,which improved the capacity retention and rate capability by the suppression of structural damage,parasitic reaction,and cation *** LMOF1.6cathode fluorinated for 0.5 h exhibited a capacity of283.6 mAh·g^(-1)at 50 mA·g^(-1)and an enhanced capacity retention of 29.6%after 50 cycles in the voltage range of1.5-4.8 V,as compared to the pristine LMOF1.6 with only27.9%capacity retention.

关键词： Spinel-type cathodes Direct fluorination Capacity retention ability High rate capability

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Acidic electroreduction CO_(2)to formic acid via interfacial modification of Bi nanoparticles at industrial-level current

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5817-5825页

作者： Tian dong Hongdong li Zhenhui Wang Yanling Geng Rui Chang Xiaofeng Tian Jianping Lai Shouhua feng Lei Wang Key Laboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)in acidic media is a promising approach to overcome the unavoidable formation of carbonates in alkaline or neutral ***,the proton-rich environment near the catalyst surface favors hydrogen evolution reactions(HER),leading to lower energy efficiency of the desired products,especially in industrial-level current ***,quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB))was introduced into acidic electrolyte to modulate the interfacial microenvironment,which greatly enhanced CO_(2)electroreduction to formic acid(HCOOH)at the Bi/C nanoparticles *** a Bi/C nanoparticles electrode with CTAB added,constant production of formic acid was enabled with a cathodic energy efficiency of>40%and maximum FE_(HCOOH)(FE=Faradaic efficiency)of 86.2%at−400 mA·cm^(−2)over 24 *** with in-situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,the concentration of*OCHO intermediates significantly increased after CTAB modification,confirming that the hydrophobic interface microenvironment formed by dynamic adsorption of positively charged long alkyl chains on Bi/C nanoparticle electrodes inhibited HER and improved the selectivity of CO_(2)RR to HCOOH.

关键词： acidic media CO_(2)electrolysis electrolyte additive hydrophobic interfacial microenvironment industrial-level current

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life's essential 8 and risk of subclinical atherosclerosis progression: a prospective cohort study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 751-759页

作者： Shi-Yu ZHOU Fang-Chao liU Shu-feng CHEN Jian-Xin li Jie CAO Ke-Yong HUANG Zheng-Hao TANG feng-Chao liANG dong-Sheng HU lian-Cheng ZHAO Ying li Jian-feng HUANG Xiang-feng LU Bin LU dong-feng GU Department of Epidemiology&Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology State Key Laboratory of Cardiovas-cular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina School of Public Health and Emergency Management School of Medi-cineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Department of Epidemiology and Health Stat-istics School of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Biostatistics and Epidemi-ology School of Public HealthShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina Department of Radi-ology State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of ideal cardiovascular health(CVH) in reducing cardiovascular ***,its role in subclinical atherosclerosis(SA) progression remains *** aim to examine the association of CVH,estimated by the American Heart Association's new life's Essential 8(LE8),with the progression of *** This prospective cohort study was conducted among 972 asymptomatic Chinese participants and followed up for5.7 *** LE8 score(range,0–100) consisted of blood pressure,lipids,glucose,body mass index,smoking status,diet health,physical activity and sleep health was evaluated in 1998 and 2008–*** of SA was determined by carotid plaque and coronary artery calcification(CAC) in 2008–2009 and 2013–***-binomial regression model was used to estimate the association of LE8 score with SA *** Each 10 points increment in LE8 score was associated with 15.2%(RR:0.848,95% CI:0.797–0.902),17.7%(RR:0.823,95% CI:0.766–0.884) and 12.0%(RR:0.880,95% CI:0.845–0.916) lower risks of carotid plaque,CAC and overall SA progression,*** with participants with non-ideal CVH at both visits,the participants with ideal CVH at both visits had39.1%(RR:0.609,95% CI:0.494–0.752),41.0%(RR:0.590,95% CI:0.456–0.764) and 29.7%(RR:0.703,95% CI:0.598–0.825) lower risks of carotid plaque,CAC and overall SA progression,*** Higher LE8 scores were associated with lower risks of SA ***,long-term maintenance of optimal CVH was more beneficial to prevent SA progression.

关键词： atherosclerosis prospective cardiovascular

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Magnetic Bistability in the Crystaline Fullerene Radical Salt

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第17期42卷 2043-2048页

作者： Huapeng Ruan Ke li Quanchun Sun Min liu Zhongtao feng Xue dong Yue Zhao Xinping Wang State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of AdvancedMicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China Department College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Pingxiang UniversityPingxiangJiangxi 337055China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of ScienceShanghai 200032China

Compounds with magnetic bistability is highly attractive for the construction of switches,thermal sensors,information-storage media and memory ***,we report a crystalline fullerene radical anion salt[Na(THF)_(5)]C_(60)(1),obtained by the reduction of C_(60) with Na in solution,which exhibits magnetic bistability accompanied with one magnetostructural transition,giving low temperature(LT),high temperature(HT)phases and a metastable phase.

关键词： Magnetic bistability Fullerene radical Structural transition Crystal structure Chain distortion Fullerene Magnetic materials π-πstacking

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Comparative transcriptomic evidence of physiological changes and potential relationships in vertebrates under different dormancy states

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 341-354页

作者： Yu-Han Niu li-Hong Guan Cheng Wang Hai-feng Jiang Guo-Gang li lian-dong Yang Shun-Ping He State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei 430072China College of life Sciences Qinghai Normal UniversityXiningQinghai 810008China Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability Qinghai Normal UniversityXiningQinghai 810016China Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai Province Qinghai Normal UniversityXiningQinghai 810008China College of life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenan 453003China College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Dormancy represents a fascinating adaptive strategy for organisms to survive in unforgiving *** a period of dormancy,organisms often exhibit exceptional *** period is typically divided into hibernation and aestivation based on seasonal ***,the mechanisms by which organisms adapt to their environments during dormancy,as well as the potential relationships between different states of dormancy,deserve further ***,we selected Perccottus glenii and Protopterus annectens as the primary subjects to study hibernation and aestivation,*** on histological and transcriptomic analysis of multiple organs,we discovered that dormancy involved a coordinated functional response across *** analyses revealed noteworthy disparities between the two dormant species in their responses to extreme ***,similarities in gene expression patterns pertaining to energy metabolism,neural activity,and biosynthesis were noted during hibernation,suggesting a potential correlation between hibernation and *** further explore the relationship between these two phenomena,we analyzed other dormancy-capable species using data from publicly available *** comparative analysis revealed that most orthologous genes involved in metabolism,cell proliferation,and neural function exhibited consistent expression patterns during dormancy,indicating that the observed similarity between hibernation and aestivation may be attributable to convergent *** conclusion,this study enhances our comprehension of the dormancy phenomenon and offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning vertebrate dormancy.

关键词： Hibernation Aestivation Multi-organs Convergent evolution

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Diagnosis and treatment of biliary mucinous cystic neoplasms: A single-center experience

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 495-501页

作者： Jun-Jun Jia Ya-Fen Cheng Mei-Bao feng li liu Ming-Qi Shuai Xiao-dong Shen Xiao-feng Tang Shu-Sen Zheng Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of Surgerythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of International Healthcare Center the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of Pathology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of library the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Background: Biliary mucinous cystic neoplasms(BMCNs) are rare hepatobiliary cystic tumors, which can be divided into noninvasive and invasive types. This study aimed to investigate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of BMCNs in a large single center. Methods: We analyzed 49 patients with BMCNs confirmed by postoperative pathology at the First Afflliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2007 and December 2021. Results: Among the 49 patients, 37 were female(75.5%), and the average age was 57.04 years. Common symptoms included abdominal discomfort, jaundice and fever, while 22 patients(44.9%) had no symptoms. Serum carbohydrate antigen(CA) 19-9 and CA125 concentrations were elevated in 34.8% and 19.6% of patients, respectively. Forty-eight patients had tumors in the intrahepatic bile ducts and only one had a tumor in the extrahepatic bile duct. Forty-eight patients with noninvasive intrahepatic BMCNs were further analyzed in terms of pathological features: 34(70.8%) had low-grade intraepithelial neoplasms(LGINs), and 14(29.2%) had high-grade intraepithelial neoplasms(HGINs). The potential immunohistochemical markers of BMCNs were cytokeratin(CK) 19, CK7, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. Follow-up data for 37 patients with intrahepatic BMCNs were obtained. The median overall survival(OS) of BMCNs was not reached. The longest survival time was 137 *** 5-and 10-year OS rates were 100% and 85.4%, respectively. The 5-and 10-year recurrence-free survival(RFS) rates were 93.9% and 80.2%, respectively. Conclusions: BMCNs are rare cystic neoplasms that commonly occur in middle-aged females. BMCNs can only be diagnosed and classified by postoperative pathology, as there are no specific clinical presentations, serological indicators or imaging modalities for preoperative diagnosis. Complete surgical resection is necessary for BMCNs, and the postoperative prognosis is favorable.

关键词： Biliary mucinous cystic neoplasms Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasms High-grade intraepithelial neoplasms Overall survival Recurrence-free survival

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Tumor microenvironment-responsive arsenic-loaded layered double hydroxides film with synergistic anticancer and bactericidal activity

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1207-1221页

作者： Shun Xing dong-Hui Wang Hai-feng Zhang li-Dan liu Cheng-Ce li Chao Wei Jun-Yu liu Nai-Jian Ge Xuan-Yong liu State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Intervention Center Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China

Malignant obstruction makes gallbladder cancer have a high mortality ***-titanium alloy(nitinol)stents are commonly used as a local intervention to maximize patient survival time,but the stents lack antitumor and antibacterial capacity and are vulnerable to secondary ***-based drugs show good therapeutic promise against gallbladder *** meet clinical *** layered double hydroxides(LDHs)film is constructed on the nitinol,whose arsenite loading amounts rose by 60%after simple heat treatment compared with the conventional anion-exchange *** addition,calcination promotes the dissolution of nickel ions from the LDHs lattice,resulting in a powerful synergistic killing effect on tumor cells together with the released *** importantly,the calcined arsenic-loaded LDHs are sensitive to the acidic microenvironment of tumor tissues,which presents a much lower arsenic and nickel release amount in the normal tissues,guaranteeing its ***,the vertically sharp LDHs nanosheets can synergize with arsenic to achieve effective physical cleavage and chemical killing of adherent and planktonic *** short,we attempt to use arsenic drugs for local interventions and reasonably avoid their toxic side effects,which provides a new design idea for nitinol stents applied in the treatment of gallbladder cancer.

关键词： Nitinol Layered double hydroxides Arsenic Gallbladder cancer

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Investigations of methane adsorption characteristics on marine-continental transitional shales and gas storage capacity models considering pore evolution

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2273-2286页

作者： Chen-Gang Lu Xian-Ming Xiao Zhen-Qian Xue Zhang-Xin Chen Yin-Tao dong Yue feng Gang li School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences (Beijing) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Calgary Eastern Institute of Technology (tentative) CNOOC Research Institute

Methane adsorption is a critical assessment of the gas storage capacity(GSC) of shales with geological conditions. Although the related research of marine shales has been well-illustrated, the methane adsorption of marine-continental transitional(MCT) shales is still ambiguous. In this study, a method of combining experimental data with analytical models was used to investigate the methane adsorption characteristics and GSC of MCT shales collected from the Qinshui Basin, China. The Ono-Kondo model was used to fit the adsorption data to obtain the adsorption parameters. Subsequently, the geological model of GSC based on pore evolution was constructed using a representative shale sample with a total organic carbon(TOC) content of 1.71%, and the effects of reservoir pressure coefficient and water saturation on GSC were explored. In experimental results, compared to the composition of the MCT shale, the pore structure dominates the methane adsorption, and meanwhile, the maturity mainly governs the pore structure. Besides, maturity in the middle-eastern region of the Qinshui Basin shows a strong positive correlation with burial depth. The two parameters, micropore pore volume and non-micropore surface area, induce a good fit for the adsorption capacity data of the shale. In simulation results, the depth,pressure coefficient, and water saturation of the shale all affect the GSC. It demonstrates a promising shale gas potential of the MCT shale in a deeper block, especially with low water saturation. Specifically,the economic feasibility of shale gas could be a major consideration for the shale with a depth of 60% in the Yushe-Wuxiang area. This study provides a valuable reference for the reservoir evaluation and favorable block search of MCT shale gas.

关键词： High-pressure methane adsorption Marine-continental transitional shale gas Ono-Kondo model Adsorption thermodynamics Gas storage capacity model

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