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Targeted Blue Nanoparticles as Photoacoustic Contrast Agent for Brain Tumor Delineation

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Nano Research 2011年第11期4卷 1163-1173页

作者： Aniruddha Ray Xueding Wang Yong-Eun Koo Lee Hoe Jin Hah Gwangseong Kim Thomas Chen Daniel A. Orringer Oren Sagher Xiaojun Liu raoul Kopelman Biophysics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Radiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Neurosurgery University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Institute of Acoustics Naniing University Nanjing 210093 China

Distinguishing a tumor from non-neoplastic tissue is a challenging task during cancer surgery. Several attempts have been made to use visible or fluorescent agents to aid in the visualization of a tumor during surgery. We describe a novel method to delineate brain tumors, using a highly sensitive photoacoustic imaging technique that is enhanced by tumor-targeting blue nanoparticles serving as a contrast agent. Experiments on phantoms and on rat brains, ex vivo, demonstrate the high sensitivity of photoacoustic imaging in delineating tumors containing contrast agent at a concentration much lower than needed for visualization by the naked eye. The limit of detection of the system for the nanoparticles is about 0.77 μg/mL in water （equivalent to 0.84 μmol/L Coomassie Blue dye）. The present exploratory study suggests that photoacoustic imaging, when used with strongly optical absorbing contrast agents, could facilitate cancer surgery intraoperatively by revealing the distribution and extent of the tumor.

关键词： Brain tumor surgery targeted nanoparticles F3 peptide Coomassie Blue dye photoacoustic imaging

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex Based on 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第8期14卷 109-126页

作者： Emeline Sorelle Mefouegang Claudelle Sybilline Anensong Djadock Golngar Djimassingar Gabriel tchuente Kamsu donald raoul tch.ifon tch.ifon Alain Charly Tagne Kuate Dirk Bockfeld Jean Ngoune Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sciences Mongo Polytechnique University Institute (IUPM) Mongo Chad Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Process Engineering Laboratory of Energy Materials Modeling and Method National Higher Polytechnic School of Douala University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technical University of Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

New cobalt(II) complex, [Co(O2C15H11N2S)2(OH2)2]∙2H2O (1∙2H2O), has been synthesized upon reaction of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Co(Cl)2∙6H2O) with 3-methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-thienoyl)-pyrazol-5-one (referred as HL) in ethanol at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic methods, and microelemental analyses were used to characterize 1∙2H2O. Compound 1∙2H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group and with the cobalt atom being pseudo-octahedral coordinated. The broth microdilution technique was used to screen the free ligand (HL) and the complex (1∙2H2O) for antimicrobial activities. HL has a low activity (MIC > 100 μg/mL) on all microorganisms, whereas compound 1∙2H2O displayed moderate activity (10 ∙2H2O exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activity respectively on all the bacteria and yeasts tested. These findings reveal that the antimicrobial activity of HL was enhanced upon coordination to Co(II) ion against all microorganisms (bacteria and fungus).

关键词： Cobalt Acylpyrazolone X-Ray Diffraction Antimicrobial Activity 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

基于再制造决策模型的欠发达国家报废农机回收

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基于再制造决策模型的欠发达国家报废农机回收

作者： FONKOUA FOFOU raoul 武汉科技大学

学位级别：硕士

通过再制造回收报废农业机械已成为欠发达国家的一大难题。这些产品对环境的影响引起了人们的极大关注,因为在没有具体措施可以回收的情况下,产品在使用寿命结束时的数量不断增加。考虑到这些机器通常是高负荷的,并且有可能记录多个生... 详细信息

通过再制造回收报废农业机械已成为欠发达国家的一大难题。这些产品对环境的影响引起了人们的极大关注,因为在没有具体措施可以回收的情况下,产品在使用寿命结束时的数量不断增加。考虑到这些机器通常是高负荷的,并且有可能记录多个生命周期,可以肯定地说,再制造是回收这些产品的前进之路。然而,由于不发达国家采用再制造的速度较慢,通过再制造回收产品是一个相当大的挑战;主要是由于缺乏再制造设施。在本研究中,提出了两个主要的决策模型。首先,本研究使用容量设施选址问题(CFLP)方法来确定新建立的再制造设施的容量、数量和地理位置,为再制造设施选址提供了一个决策模型。其次,设计了在总量管制与交易机制下获得最佳再制造运营模型的决策模型。这一机制决定了哪些原始设备制造商(OEM)和第三方再制造商(TPR)更适合从事再制造活动。我们建立了三种再制造模式:集成再制造、外包再制造和授权再制造。然后,使用三种策略计算并比较了三种模型的生产决策:完全再制造策略(CRS)、部分再制造策略和无再制造策略。最后,讨论了关于新产品和再制造产品的数量、收益和碳排放的最佳再制造方法和途径。我们使用了一个在喀麦隆从事再制造的SEVALO再制造机械有限公司的案例研究来演示这两个决策模型。根据调查结果和分析,CFLP方法表明,在获得的地点开设五家再制造设施足以回收该国所有的农业设备。对于再制造策略,研究结果表明:(1)就新产品数量而言,在CRS下可以选择集成再制造,在PRS下可以选择授权再制造,集成再制造产生的再制造产品数量最多。(2)原始设备制造商在综合再制造中获利最多,无论CRS或PRS如何。(3)根据CRS,授权再制造产生的碳排放量最低。相比之下,综合再制造产生的收益最高,而在生产者责任制下,新产品和总碳排放量增加,而再制造产品和利润减少。(4)随着质量阈值的提高,新产品和再制造产品的数量、利润和碳排放量先增加后减少;然而,在生产者责任制下,新产品和总碳排放量增加,而再制造产品和利润减少;(5)更高的碳价格降低了CRS和PRS下的新产品数量,减少了CRS下的再制造产品数量,并增加了PRS下。随着再制造折扣率的提高,CRS下的新产品数量增加或减少。PRS下的再制造数量增加,但CRS和PRS下再制造的数量增加。这些结果表明,在喀麦隆成功建立SEVALO将大大减少倾倒在环境中的工程机械零部件的数量。欠发达国家的再制造转型将非常灵活,根据所选择的战略有各种选择。这将使这些国家从环境、经济和社会角度受益匪浅。

关键词：再制造欠发达国家再制造战略总量管制与交易机制再制造设施位置生命周期评估

Diversity of Stored Grain Insect Pests in the Logone Valley, from Northern Cameroon to Western Chad Republic in Central Africa

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2013年第9期3卷 724-731页

作者： Tamgno Beranger raoul Ngamo Tinkeu Simon Leonard Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Biological Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

Insects are major pests of stored grains. In sub Sahara Africa, stored grain insect pests are mainly Coleoptera or Lepidoptera. In the Logone Valley, area covering the Far North Region of Cameroon and South-West of Chad, to our knowledge, the diversity of insect pests noxious to stored products is not established. These beetles and weevils （Insecta：Coleoptera） during their development depreciate food in storage, were able to destroy a whole stock in a very short period of time if no protection of stored food is made. To achieve the diversity of insect pests, inspections of granaries were done in 209 villages of Logone Valley where insect pests were collected and identified. Secondly, the stored grains were sampled in peasant＇s granaries of Logone Valley and reared in incubators in the Unit of Entomological Research of the University of Ngaound6r6. After their emergence, insects were removed, collected and identified. Their noxious efficiency on stored grains is done by the calculation of the density of each insect pests per gram of grains. This study indicates that 12 species of harmful insects attack cereals and leguminous grains in the Logone Valley during storage. The Bruchids were the main insect pests of legumes. Callosobruchus maculatus was the main pest of legume and attacking mainly cowpeas （34.92 bruchids/g of seed） and peanuts （20.75 bruchids/g of seed）. Seven harmful species destroy the cereals. Sitophilus zeamais is the main pest of maize （15.86 weevils/g of maize） and S. oryzae, for sorghum （36.59 weevils/g of maize）. Tribolium castaneum were the main secondary pest. T. castaneum infests both cereals and leguminous. This work summarizes the importance and the diversification of stored grain pests in Logone Valley. Knowing the pest diversity is an important step in the strategy to develop a friendly and ecological control method of these harmful insects.

关键词： Logone Valley stored grains stored insect pests biodiversity.

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Editorial

Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 641-641页

作者： raoul Ranjeva Dao-Xiu Zhou Jacques Haiech

When we decided to embark on this joint venture, we had in mind the simplistic idea that time was ripe to think about a series of reviews on the plant nucleus, especially after the publication of a special issue of the Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology （Volume 84, Number 3-4, March/ APril 2006） entitled ‘The nucleus, a cell within a cell’？

关键词： nucleus especially cell think time idea

How to assess the efficacy or failure of targeted therapy:deciding when to stop sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第35期8卷 1541-1546页

作者： Jean-Luc raoul Xavier Adhoute Marine Gilabert Julien Edeline Department of Medical Oncology Paoli-Calmettes Institute Department of Hepatology Hopital Saint-Joseph Department of Medical Oncology Centre E MarquisBd de la Bataille Frandres-Dunkerque

Sorafenib is thus far the only systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) based on the results of two randomized controlled trials performed in Western and in Eastern countries, despite a poor response rate(from 2% to 3.3%) following conventional evaluation criteria. It is now recognized that the criteria(European Association of the Study of the Liver criteria, modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors) based on contrast enhanced techniques(computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging) aimed to assess the evolution of the viable part of the tumor(hypervascularized on arterial phase) are of major interest to determine the efficacy of sorafenib and of most antiangiogenic drugs in patients with HCC. The role of alphafetoprotein serum levels remains unclear. In 2016, in accordance with the SHARP and the Asia-Pacific trials, sorafenib must be stopped when tolerance is poor despite dose adaptation or in cases of radiological and symptomatic progression. This approach will be different in cases of available second-line therapy trials. Some recent data(in renal cell carcinoma) revealed that despite progression in patients who received sorafenib, this drug can still decrease tumor progression compared to drug cessation. Then, before deciding to continue sorafenib post-progression or shift to another drug, knowing other parameters of post-progression survival(Child-Pugh class, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, alphafetoprotein, post-progression patterns in particular, the development of extrahepatic metastases and of portal vein thrombosis) will be of major importance.

关键词： Tumor evaluation Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors Sorafenib Hepatocellular carcinoma Modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors

Prevalence of Malocclusions and Normative Orthodontic Treatment Need Using IOTN Index for Patients in Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2017年第12期7卷 519-529页

作者： Youssouf Ouédraogo Tiécoura Camara raoul Bationo raoul Bationo Loubna Bahije Jean Bertin Beugré Joseph Samba Diouf Papa Ibrahima Ngom Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Université Ouaga I Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Direction de la lute contre la maladie Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de chirurgie dentaire du camp Sangoulé Lamizana Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté de Médecine Dentaire Université Mohammed V Rabat Maroc UFRd’odonto-stomatologie Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote D’Ivoire Institut d’odonto-stomatologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: The assessment of health care needs must be reproducible, independent of the operator, hence the use of indexes like the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The aim of this study was to assess both, the prevalence of malocclusions among patients received in the Dental Surgery Unitat Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital and their care needs according to IOTN index. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective, cross-cutting diagnostic study of malocclusions at Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital (CHUYO), conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2016. The examiner with an examination tray records on the 12- to 16-year-old patients’ medical recorded, the variables based on the polychromatic pictures series, the IOTN rule, and the dental health component table. Results: On the whole, 81 patients were included, with 60.5% of girls and 39.5% of boys. 16- and 12-year-old patients were dominant. The average age was 14.05 years old. Various types of malocclusions were encountered. The need for orthodontic care was 56.8%. For 14 patients, 17.28%, their aesthetic component score is higher than the assessment made by the orthodontist. Conclusion: Aesthetics was an important factor in the need for orthodontic care. The aesthetic deficit entails a psychological impact that should be taken into account in the assessment of care needs.

关键词： Malocclusions Orthodontic Care IOTN Burkina Faso

Expected outcomes and patients’selection before chemoembolization—“Six-and-Twelve or Pre-TACE-Predict”scores may help clinicians:Real-life French cohorts results

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4559-4572页

作者： Xavier Adhoute Edouard Larrey Rodolphe Anty Patrick Chevallier Guillaume Penaranda Albert Tran Jean-Pierre Bronowicki Jean-Luc raoul Paul Castellani HervéPerrier Olivier Bayle Olivier Monnet Bernard Pol Marc Bourliere Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hôpital Universitaire de l’ArchetNice 06000France Department of Radiology Hôpital Universitaire de l’ArchetNice 06000France Statistics Department AlphaBio LaboratoryMarseille 13003France Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NancyVandoeuvre les Nancy 54511France Department of Medical Oncology Institut de Cancérologie de l’OuestSite de NantesNantes 44805France Department of Radiology Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Hôpital Saint-JosephMarseille 13008France

BACKGROUND Careful selection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients prior to chemoembolization treatment is a daily reality,and is even more necessary with new available therapeutic options in *** propose two new models to better stratify patients and maximize clinical benefit:“6 and 12”and“pre/post-TACE-predict”(TACE,transarterial chemoembolization).METHODS We evaluated and compared their performance in predicting overall survival with other systems{Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC),Albumin-Bilirubin(ALBI)and NIACE[Number of tumor(s),Infiltrative HCC,alpha-fetoprotein,Child-Pugh(CP),and performance status]}in two HCC French cohorts of different stages enrolled between 2010 and *** The cohorts included 324 patients classified as BCLC stages A/B(cohort 1)and 137 patients classified as BCLC stages B/C(cohort 2).The majority of the patients had cirrhosis with preserved liver function.“Pre-TACE-predict”and“6 and 12”models identified three distinct categories of patients exhibiting different prognosis in cohort ***,their prognostic value was no better than the BCLC system or NIACE *** function based on CP and ALBI grades significantly impacted patient ***,the“post-TACE-predict”model had a higher predictive value than other *** stratification ability as well as predictive performance of these new models in an intermediate/advanced stage population was less efficient(cohort 2).CONCLUSION The newly proposed“Pre-TACE-predict”and“6 and 12”models offer an interesting stratification into three categories in a recommended TACE population,as they identify poor candidates,those with partial control and durable *** models'contribution was reduced in a population with advanced stage HCCs.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization Pre-TACEpredict Six-and-twelve Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Prognosis

Assessment of the Aflatoxin Content of Maize Flours Produced in the Commune of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 897-907页

作者： Adama Sawadogo raoul Bazié Hama Cissé Latifatou Helbi Cheikna Zongo Aly Savadogo Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO Uni-versity Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Center of Manga Norbert ZONGO University Manga Burkina Faso

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites present in various foods, especially when production and conservation do not respect good hygiene practices (GHP). In Ouagadougou, maize flour is produced and sold in different structures by actors who do not always respect GHP. Thus, it is necessary to regularly control the quality of these flours. So, this is carried out with the aim to assess the aflatoxin content of maize flours produced in the municipality of Ouagadougou. For this, twenty-eight (28) samples were collected from households, markets and supermarkets in the city of Ouagadougou. Thus, LC/MS/MS analysis was used to assess the aflatoxin content of the samples. The results obtained reveal the presence of total aflatoxins (AFT) in 78.57% of samples analyzed with levels ranging from 0.89 to 64.25 μg/kg. The prevalence of different types of aflatoxins were 57.14% for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 46.43% for aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), 42.86% for aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and 4.6% for aflatoxin G2 (AFG2). The results also show that 80% and 60% of market samples, 70% and 30% of household samples and 37.5% and 25% of supermarket samples do not comply with European Commission standards for AFT and AFB1 respectively. For all the samples, 60.71% and 42.86% of the samples are compliant according to the limits established by the European Commission (EC) respectively for AFB1 and AFT. Regarding the results obtained, producers and processors must be supervised and trained in GHP for the production of better-quality flours.

关键词： Aflatoxins Maize Flour Sanitaty Quality LC/MS/MS Ouagadougou Burkina Faso