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Interfacing photonic crystal fiber with a metallic nanoantenna for enhanced light nanofocusing

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Photonics research 2021年第2期9卷 252-258页

作者： KHANT MINN blake BIrMINGHAM BrIAN KO HO WAI HOWArD LEE ZHENrONG ZHANG Department of Physics Baylor UniversityWacoTexas 76798USA The Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA Department of Physics&Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA

The direct interfacing of photonic crystal fiber to a metallic nanoantenna has widespread application in nanoscale imaging, optical lithography, nanoscale lasers, quantum communication, in vivo sensing, and medical *** report on the fabrication of a needle-shaped plasmonic nanoantenna on the end facet of a photonic crystal fiber using electron-beam-induced evaporation of platinum. We demonstrate the coupling of light from the fiber waveguide mode to the subwavelength nanoantenna plasmonic mode focusing down to the apex of the plasmonic needle using a polarization-resolved far-field side-scatter imaging technique. Our work provides an important step toward widespread application of optical fibers in nearfield spectroscopic techniques such as tip-enhanced raman and fluorescence microscopy, single-photon excitation and quantum sensors, nanoscale optical lithography, and lab-on-fiber devices.

关键词： antenna fiber lithography

A Single Hypoxic Event Ameliorates Pilocarpine Induced Hyperkinetic Movements in Planaria

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Natural Science 2022年第4期14卷 149-156页

作者： Teagan Neufeld Trevor N. Carniello blake T. Dotta Behavioural Neuroscience School of Natural Sciences Laurentian University Sudbury ON Canada

Intermittent hypoxia or hypoxia therapy is exposing an individual to oxygenation conditions that are below atmospheric levels in a planned or acute timeframe. Hypoxia therapy is a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for a variety of pathologies including: mitochondrial disorders, exercise training, and mild cognitive impairments. Mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperkinetic movements, and cognitive impairments are hallmarks of seizures and status epilepticus (SE). A seizure can be considered uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain and SE is a seizure lasting more than 30 minutes, or multiple seizures without regaining consciousness in between. We examined the possibility of using the Pilocarpine model for seizure like activity on brown planaria (Dugesia tigrine). Pilocarpine is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist capable of creating seizure related brain damage. We utilized 5 mM dosages of pilocarpine and then measured open field behaviour for 3 minutes. Mobility and aversive hyperkinetic movements were observed throughout the measurement phase. After exposure to 5 mM pilocarpine, the planaria displayed behaviours consistent with seizures (e.g. aversive hyperkinetic movements and decreased mobility). Additionally, we measured the effects of an acute hypoxic event on Planaria behaviour. We used 25% carbonated water to create a hypoxic environment for the planaria and then measured mobility and hyperkinetic movements for 3 minutes. We noted that exposure to the hypoxic en-vironment produced no changes in behaviour. However, the aversive hyperkinetic move-ments produced with pilocarpine administration were completely absent when a brief (3 minutes) hypoxic episode followed the pilocarpine exposure (p rsive behav-iours remained present when the ordering of pilocarpine and hypoxia were counterbal-anced. This ordering effect was consistent across 40 trials. Further evaluation of the pilo-carpine seizure model and intermittent hypoxia on planarian b

关键词： Hypoxia Pilocarpine Planaria Hyperkinetic Movements Seizure Model

Comparison of Obesity Prevalence among Middle and High School Graduates before and after the COVID-19 Lockdown

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第12期35卷 1145-1149页

作者： LU Yan Hui DOU Zi Yan ZHAO Kai Ping YAN Dong CHEN Shuo CHENG Jun Xia Glen M.blake Karen HIND ZHANG Jing Bo CHENG Xiao Guang WU Jing Department of Endocrinology the Second Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseaseBeijing 100000China Beijing Physical Examination Center Beijing 100000China Department of Medical record Management and Statistics Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijing 100000China Department of radiology Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijing 100000China National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100000China School of Biomedical Engineering&Imaging Sciences King’s College LondonSt Thomas’HospitalLondon SE17EHUnited Kingdom Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences Durham UniversityDurham 27704United Kingdom

The world has been engulfed in a COVID-19 pandemic that has significantly affected the health and economics of the *** Chinese authorities imposed lockdown measures to limit the spread of COVID-19 and stopped school programs for children and *** measures have been associated with increased sedentary time and reduced physical activity[1-3].An online questionnaire study of youth in China compared activity patterns before and after the COVID-19 lockdown.

关键词： before Middle stopped

基于涡动及走航观测的晋东南煤矿区甲烷分布特征

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煤炭学报 2022年第12期47卷 4395-4402页

作者：刘艳秋秦凯 COHEN blake Jason 康涵书胡玮鹿凡武晓晖杨成立中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室江苏徐州221008 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院江苏徐州221116 山西大地生态环境技术研究院有限公司山西太原030000

甲烷是仅次于二氧化碳的全球第二大温室气体,在大气中的寿命仅为10 a左右,但其全球增温潜势却是CO_(2)的几十倍。大气中的甲烷体积分数可以更加迅速地对温室减排活动做出响应,相较于CO_(2)减排,控制和减少甲烷排放是短期内应对气候变化... 详细信息

甲烷是仅次于二氧化碳的全球第二大温室气体,在大气中的寿命仅为10 a左右,但其全球增温潜势却是CO_(2)的几十倍。大气中的甲烷体积分数可以更加迅速地对温室减排活动做出响应,相较于CO_(2)减排,控制和减少甲烷排放是短期内应对气候变化的最有效手段之一。煤炭开采行业是我国甲烷的最主要排放源之一。在碳达峰和碳中和的国家战略需求下,控制和利用煤炭活动产生的甲烷排放,必将成为“十四五”期间我国甲烷排放控制行动的重点,厘清煤矿行业的甲烷排放特征具有重要意义。煤炭开采活动产生的甲烷排放受到地质赋存、开采方式、利用情况等众多因素影响,传统的“自下而上”排放因子清单方法不确定性较大,基于大气甲烷体积分数观测数据的“自上而下”技术正成为监测核算甲烷排放的重要方法。2021年秋冬季,采用“固定+走航”相结合的观测手段,以我国典型的甲烷高排放区(晋东南煤矿区)为实验区域,获取一手观测数据,分析并揭示近地面甲烷体积分数特征及其潜在的排放源信息。结果表明:(1)甲烷体积分数的时空变化性强,煤矿区本底甲烷体积分数值是清洁本底的近1.7倍,极端高值可达本底值的40~50倍;(2)甲烷体积分数在1 d内的变化与煤炭生产活动密切相关,逐日变化受气象扩散条件影响较大;(3)绝大多数甲烷体积分数高值位于煤矿生产相关区域,但由于扩散作用的影响,煤炭生产对甲烷体积分数时空分布影响存在一定的空间偏离性和时间滞后性。地面“固定+走航观测”手段可以提供精细化的甲烷排放特征信息,研究结论可为基于观测“自上而下”地构建煤炭行业甲烷排放清单奠定一定基础。

关键词：煤矿区甲烷分布涡动相关走航观测时空分布空间异质性排放源

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中国典型地区ODS观测及其启示

中国典型地区ODS观测及其启示

A shared role of the myocardin-family transcriptional coactivators in cardiomyocyte maturation

2019年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者：张艳利 donald blake 王新明中国科学院广州地球化学研究所加州大学尔湾分校

为研究中国大气中消耗臭氧层物质(ODS)浓度水平、时空分布、演化趋势及评估我国履行《蒙特利尔议定书》情况,通过在二十个站点进行的为期两年的同步观测,探讨了我国大气中主要ODS的时空分布特征;通过在典型城市群珠三角地区84网格化同... 详细信息

为研究中国大气中消耗臭氧层物质(ODS)浓度水平、时空分布、演化趋势及评估我国履行《蒙特利尔议定书》情况,通过在二十个站点进行的为期两年的同步观测,探讨了我国大气中主要ODS的时空分布特征;通过在典型城市群珠三角地区84网格化同步加强观测对区域尺度上的排放热点进行判识,结合其他排放源标示物用受体模式解析了ODS区域存量和排放增量。通过珠三角近20年的定点长

关键词： ODS 珠三角典型地区

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第12期66卷 2939-2942页

作者： Yuxuan Guo Yangpo Cao blake D.Jardin Neil Mazumdar Congting Guo Luzi Yang Junsen Lin Zhan Chen Qing Ma Mingming Zhao Erdan Dong William T.Pu Peking University Health Science Center School of Basic Medical SciencesBeijing 100191China Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Beijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and remodeling Peking UniversityBeijing100191China Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular receptors research Beijing 100191China Boston Children’s Hospital Department of CardiologyBoston MA 02115USA Peking University Third Hospital Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular MedicineBeijing 100191China research Unit of Medical Science research Management/Basic and Clinical research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemBeijing 100191China National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and regulatory Peptides Beijing 100191China Harvard Stem Cell Institute Cambridge MA 02138USA

Dear Editor,In development,after cells make a commitment to their fates,they undergo a continuous and adaptive maturation process to eventually reach their terminal *** maturity often decays during aging and *** immat... 详细信息

关键词： states eventually decay

iMashup:a mashup-based framework for service composition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第1期57卷 5-24页

作者： LIU XuanZhe HUANG Gang ZHAO Qi MEI Hong blake M.Brian Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame

The Web has undergone a tremendous change from a primarily publication platform towards a participatory and"programmable"platform,where a large number of heterogeneous Web-delivered services(including SOAP and rESTful Web services,rSS and Atom feeds)are *** results in the creation of Web mashup applications with rich user ***,the integration of Web-delivered services is still a challenging *** not only requires the developers’tedious eforts in understanding and coordinating heterogeneous service types,but also results in the time-consuming development of user *** this paper,we propose the iMashup composition framework to facilitate mashup development and *** provide a unified mashup component model for the common representation of heterogeneous Web-delivered service *** component model specifies necessary properties and behaviors at both business and user interface *** associate the component model with semantically meaningful tags,so that mashup developers can fast understand the service *** mashup developers can search and put the proper mashup components into the Web browser based composition environment,and connect them by data flows based on the tag-based *** an integration manner might prevent some low-level programming eforts and improve the composition efciency.A series of experimental study are conducted to evaluate our framework.

关键词： service composition mashup component model Web-delivered service

Frugivory and seed dispersal in the Galápagos:what is the state of the art?

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 110-129页

作者： ruben HELENO Stephen blake Patricia JArAMILLO Anna TrAVESET Pablo VArGAS Manuel NOGALES Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies(CSIC-UIB) Terrestrial Ecology GroupMallorcaBalearic Islands royal Botanical Garden Madrid(CSIC-rJB) Madrid Island Ecology and Evolution research Group(CSIC-IPNA) TenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Vogelwarte RadolfzellRadolfzellGermany Charles Darwin Foundation Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosQuitoEcuador

The Galápagos are considered a model oceanic archipelago,with unique flora and fauna currently threatened by alien invasive *** dispersal is an important ecosystem function with consequences for plant population dynamics and vegetation ***,understanding the seed dispersal abilities of the assemblages of frugivores will inform scientists and managers of the dynamics of plant invasions and improve management *** we provide the first comprehensive review of published information on frugivory and animal seed dispersal in the Galá*** collected data from a variety of sources,including notes of the first naturalist expeditions,gray literature available only in Galápagos collections,and peer-reviewed journal ***–animal frugivorous interactions were retrieved from 43 studies and compiled into an interaction matrix describing 366 unique *** studies focused on fruit consumption as a driving force for natural selection,but seed fate was seldom *** most(71%)of the interactions involved native plants,more than one-quarter(28%)involved introduced *** involving birds are considerably more common than those of reptiles and mammals,probably reflecting a research bias towards *** the historical importance of the archipelago as the laboratory for evolutionary and ecological research,understanding of its seed dispersal systems is *** end the review by suggesting 3 priority areas of research on frugivory and seed dispersal in the Galápagos:(i)target research to close knowledge gaps;(ii)the use of a network approach to frame seed dispersal at the community level;and(iii)evaluation of the effect of seed dispersal as a selective pressure acting upon plants and ***,the output of this research has to be properly delivered to the Galápagos National Park Services to help increase management effectiveness.

关键词： conservation planning oceanic islands plant invasions plant-animal interaction seed predation

Assessment of Asbestos Exposure Associated with a Brake Grinder

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2023年第3期11卷 137-142页

作者： Charles L. blake Kevin M. Guth raymond D. Harbison Apex Companies Marietta GA USA College of Public Health University of South Florida Center for Environmental and Occupational Risk Analysis and Management Tampa Florida USA

The wear patterns for drum-style automotive brakes tend to enlarge internal drum diameters. Such enlargement is most profound when used brake drums are machined to restore the metal friction surfaces. Specialized arc grinding machinery has been used to match replacement shoe-style brake friction materials to enlarged drums. The process of arc grinding removes friction material, thereby producing dust. When organic-style friction materials contained asbestos, use of arc grinding machinery posed an asbestos fiber exposure risk to operators and proximate personnel. The manufacturers of arc grinding machinery have incorporated local exhaust ventilation systems designed to capture and remove this dust at the point of grinding contact and propel this dust into collection bags or other systems. This research was designed to evaluate the dust capture and retention characteristics of a specific arc grinder product, when used to custom grind asbestos-containing brake friction materials. A Bear Model 1420 automotive brake shoe arc grinder was the subject of this study. During two separate but consecutive test sessions, newly relined sets of shoe-style automobile brake friction materials were precision ground. Both area and personal air samples were collected throughout each testing session. This work took place within a closed and unventilated metal building, with total interior volume of 2500 m3. Collected air samples were analyzed using phase contrast microscopy (PCM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of analysis using PCM for personal samples (n = 6) ranged from rs per cc (f/cc) (mean 0.05). Follow-up analysis of these personal samples using TEM indicated asbestos-adjusted PCM exposures ranging from rea air samples, taken at distances ranging from 1.5 to 9 meters from the arc grinder (n = 12), showed asbestos-adjusted PCM concentrations ranging from <0.0075 to 0.041 f/cc (mean ≤ 0.01

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Brakes Arc Grinder Friction Materials