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Latent, sex-specific metabolic health effects in CD-1 mouse offspring exposed to PFOA or HFPO-DA (GenX) during gestation

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Emerging Contaminants 2021年第1期7卷 219-235页

作者： Harlie A.Cope Bevin E.blake Charlotte Love James McCord Susan A.Elmore Janice B.Harvey Vesna A.Chappell Suzanne E.Fenton National Toxicology Program Laboratory Division of the National Toxicology Program(DNTP)National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences(NIEHS)National Institutes of Health(NIH)Research Triangle ParkNCUSA Multimedia Methods Branch Center for Environmental Measurement and ModelingOffice of Research and DevelopmentU.S.Environmental Protection AgencyRTPNCUSA Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch DNTPNIEHSNIHRTPNCUSA

Background:Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)is an environmental contaminant associated with adverse metabolic outcomes in developmentally exposed human populations and mouse *** oxide-dimer acid(HFPO-DA,commonly called GenX)has replaced PFOA in many industrial applications in the *** Europe and has been measured in global water systems fromr GenX are ***:Determine the effects of gestational exposure to GenX on offspring weight gain trajectory,adult metabolic health,liver pathology and key adipose gene pathways in male and female CD-1 ***:Daily oral doses of GenX(0.2,1.0,2.0 mg/kg),PFOA(0.1,1.0 mg/kg),or vehicle control were administered to pregnant mice(gestation days 1.5-17.5).Offspring were fed a high-or low-fat diet(HFD or LFD)at weaning until necropsy at 6 or 18 weeks,and metabolic endpoints were measured over *** and GenX serum and urine concentrations,weight gain,serum lipid parameters,body mass composition,glucose tolerance,white adipose tissue gene expression,and liver histopathology were ***:Prenatal exposure to GenX led to its accumulation in the serum and urine of 5-day old pups(P=0.007,Proup displayed increased weight gain(Pr microvesicular fatty change(P=0.015),and insulin sensitivity(P=0.014)in comparison to control males fed *** mice fed HFD had a significant increase in hepatocyte single cell necrosis in 1.0 mg/kg GenX group(P=0.022)and 1.0 mg/kg PFOA group(P=0.003)compared to control HFD *** sexes were affected by gestational GenX exposure;however,the observed phenotype varied between sex with males displaying more characteristics of metabolic disease and females exhibiting liver damage in response to the gestational ***:Prenatal exposure to 1 mg/kg GenX and 1 mg/kg PFOA

关键词： PFOA HFPO-DA GenX Gestational exposure Metabolism PFAS Microvesicular fatty change

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往昔独白

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当代体育（扣篮） 2014年第21期 32-35页

作者： blake Griffin

01唐纳德·斯特林拽着我的手,你能回想起儿时被一个上了年纪的老奶奶拉着手,带着你到处向她的朋友引荐的场景吗？他当时就是这么做的。那次我们是在马里布参加他每年都要举办一次的白色派对,而且,那也是我在2009年被快艇队选中之后和他... 详细信息

01唐纳德·斯特林拽着我的手,你能回想起儿时被一个上了年纪的老奶奶拉着手,带着你到处向她的朋友引荐的场景吗？他当时就是这么做的。那次我们是在马里布参加他每年都要举办一次的白色派对,而且,那也是我在2009年被快艇队选中之后和他的第一次会面。他领着我穿过房间直接走到了阳台上,而阳台下边就是他的私人网球场。整个派对都已经准备就绪了,白色的帐篷、白色的遮阳伞以及白色的桌布,我则是一身白衣,事实上,每个人都是一身＂孝＂。至于唐纳德,那个正站在阳台上俯视着一切的男人,却是一身黑色。＂

关键词：独白 2009年阳台遮阳伞纳德

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Size-specific dose estimates: Localizer or transverse abdominal computed tomography images?

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World Journal of radiology 2014年第5期6卷 210-217页

作者： Sarvenaz Pourjabbar Sarabjeet Singh Atul Padole Akshay Saini Michael A blake Mannudeep K Kalra Department of radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114United States

AIM: To investigate effect of body dimensions obtained from localizer radiograph and transverse abdominal computed tomography(CT) images on Size Specific Dose Estimate. METHODS: This study was approved by Institutional review Board and was compliant with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Fifty patients with abdominal CT examinations(58 ± 13 years, Male: Female 28:22) were included in this study. Anteriorposterior(AP) and lateral(Lat) diameters were measured at 5 cm intervals from the CT exam localizer radiograph(simple X-ray image acquired for planning the CT exam before starting the scan) and transverse CT images. Average of measured AP and Lat diameters, as well as maximum, minimum and mid location AP and Lat were measured on both image sets. In addition, off centering of patients from the gantry iso-center was calculated from the localizers. Conversion factors from American Association of Physicists in Medicine(AAPM) report 204 were obtained for AP, Lat, AP + Lat, and effective diameter(√ AP * Lat) to determine size specificdose estimate(SSDE) from the CT dose index volume(CTDIvol) recorded from the dose reports. Data were analyzed using SPSS v19. rESULTS: Total number of 5376 measurements was done. In some patients entire body circumference was not covered on either projection radiograph or transverse CT images; hence accurate measurement of AP and Lat diameters was not possible in 11%(278/2488) of locations. Forty one patients were off-centered with mean of 1.9 ± 1.8 cm(range: 0.4-7 cm). Conversion factors for attained diameters were not listed on AAPM look-up tables in 3%(80/2488) of measurements. SSDE values were significantly different compared to CTDIvol, ranging from 32% lower to 74% greater than CTDIvol. CONCLUSION: There is underestimation and overestimation of dose comparing SSDE values to CTDIvol. Localizer radiographs are associated with overestimation of patient size and therefore underestimation of SSDE.

关键词： Size specific dose estimate Computed tomography dose index radiation dose reduction radiation dose optimization

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Immunoprotective antigens of Eimeria maxima:identification using genetics and the immune host

Immunoprotective antigens of Eimeria maxima:identification u...

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The 15th World Veterinary Poultry Congress

作者： Darner P blake Martin W Shirley Adrian L Smith Institute for Animal Health ComptonBerkshireRG20 7NNUK Institute for Animal Health ComptonBerkshireRG20 7NNUK Institute for Animal Health ComptonBerkshireRG20 7NNUK

＜正＞Control of the Eimeria species,causative organisms of the disease coccidiosis,has largely been based up- on chemotherapy or vaccination with live wild-type or attenuated ***,the widespread oc- currence of drug r...

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Oral Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2019年第1期9卷 41-55页

作者： Hafida Cherifi Benjamin Fournier Ariane Berdal blake McAlpin Ishai-Yaacov Sitbon Bruno Gogly Henri Mondor Hospital Dental DepartmentParis Descartes UniversityParisFrance Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology ParisFrance rotschild Hospital Centre de reference MAFACEParis Diderot UniversityParisFrance Neuroimmunology Laboratory Department of Symptom ResearchDivision of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUSA

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a common genetic disorder with a highly variable phenotype. The disease affects both proliferation and differentiation of cells of neurectodermal origin. The presence of tumors is very common like benign nodular neurofibromas. Tumors with unclear prognosis may be present like plexiform neurofibromas whose prognosis is more uncertain. While many organs exhibit pathologies, most commonly affected are the nervous system, skin, gastrointestinal tract and heart. Oral abnormalities are also very common: 72% of NF-1 patients exhibit pathologies in oral mucosa, gums, maxillary and temporomandibular joints, and teeth. The incidence of NF-1 and its relationship to the prevalence of caries have been discussed in other researches. It is known that poor oral hygiene plays a key role in the development of periodontal disease and caries. Here we review the oral manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 that we illustrate by a patient followed in the center of rare diseases of the hospital Henri Mondor, clinical service in which we work.

关键词： Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Genetic Disorder Oral Tumor Jaw Abnormalities Periodontal Disease

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结合FPGA和结构化ASIC解决设计难题

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电子设计应用 2005年第6期 24-24,26页

作者： robert blake Altera公司

引言系统设计人员在实现最具成本效益的芯片方案时面临多种选择.为了获取最大利润,需要综合考虑这些方案的最终预期产量、开发成本以及产品能否及时上市等因素.

关键词： ASIC FPGA 结构化难题成本效益设计人员最大利润开发成本方案预期上市

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斯坦福发布首份AI100报告:2030年生活会是什么样子？

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创新时代 2016年第11期 24-27页

作者： blake 高斐

斯坦福近期发起了名为“人工智能研究的100年”的项目,制定了相关具体的计划,即下个100年中每五年人工智能对社会影响的详细报告。千禧之年以前,人工智能（AI）的吸引力大部分来源于它所承诺的能实现的愿景中。但是在最近15年里,它所承... 详细信息

斯坦福近期发起了名为“人工智能研究的100年”的项目,制定了相关具体的计划,即下个100年中每五年人工智能对社会影响的详细报告。千禧之年以前,人工智能（AI）的吸引力大部分来源于它所承诺的能实现的愿景中。但是在最近15年里,它所承诺的大多数都已经实现了。人工智能科技早已遍布我们的生活。

关键词：斯坦福 AI100 机器人系统景中社会影响计算机视觉数据驱动监督学习无人驾驶汽车机器学习

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作家为何好饮？

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英语学习 2017年第8期 32-36页

作者： blake Morrison

文人与酒似乎总是密不可分。“李白斗酒诗百篇”，不仅是诗仙太白，古今中外，许多文人墨客都乐于从酒精中获取创作的灵感。小酌怡情，痛饮更是回味悠长。酒入愁肠，三杯下肚，挥毫落纸，灵感无穷。可以说，人类历史上最珍贵的艺术创作... 详细信息

文人与酒似乎总是密不可分。“李白斗酒诗百篇”，不仅是诗仙太白，古今中外，许多文人墨客都乐于从酒精中获取创作的灵感。小酌怡情，痛饮更是回味悠长。酒入愁肠，三杯下肚，挥毫落纸，灵感无穷。可以说，人类历史上最珍贵的艺术创作，大多都是在微醺时分抑或醉意渐浓之时诞生的。对酒当歌，人生几何？

关键词：作家艺术创作人类历史酒诗文人灵感

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Expanding the Indicator Bacteria Concept: A Novel Approach to Assess Ecosystem risk in Impaired Waters

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Journal of Water resource and Protection 2015年第12期7卷 938-955页

作者： Nicholas Carrara Katharine Settell blake Andrews David W. Buckalew Wade A. Znosko Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Longwood University Farmville VA USA

Many studies report the relationship between coliform indicator bacteria levels and the overall quality of environmental water for public use. This study, an outgrowth of a long-term water-monitoring program within the upper Appomattox river (Virginia) watershed, employs a zebrafish model to examine the relationship between impaired stream water and aquatic vertebrate development. We report results that suggest an expansion of the indicator bacteria concept, showing a possible relationship between waters containing high levels of the indicator bacterium, Escherichia coli (E. coli), with developmental defects upon zebrafish embryos. These effects are not directly attributable to bacterial presence, as filtered test waters void of bacteria produce the same results in embryos, indicating these developmental defects are due to the presence of other toxins or contaminants. Fish embryos exposed to the test waters show reduced survivorship and altered brain and heart development. Furthermore, fish surviving to adulthood exhibit altered gonads and skewed sex ratios. We suggest that this broadly focused approach examining the complex interactions (biotic and abiotic) within raw water sources could be used in conjunction with traditional chemical assays and/or dose-response studies on vertebrate models for a more complete analysis of stream water quality conditions.

关键词： Impaired Waters FIB Aquatic Survivorship and Development

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骨密度测量的准确度和精密度评价

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中华放射学杂志 2021年第4期55卷 359-364页

作者：端木羊羊王玲张勇邓克学李凯李娜 blake Glen M 程晓光中国科学技术大学附属第一医院南区影像中心合肥230036 北京积水潭医院放射科 100035 伦敦国王学院圣托马斯医院生物医学工程与影像科学伦敦WC2R2LS

目的采用欧洲腰椎体模(ESP)评估不同CT机的定量CT(QCT)和双能X线吸收仪(DXA)设备测量骨密度的准确度和短期精确度。方法收集2016年1月至2020年4月全国多个中心(QCT和DXA分别来自31和32个中心)的40台不同品牌的CT设备(德国Siemens 12台... 详细信息

目的采用欧洲腰椎体模(ESP)评估不同CT机的定量CT(QCT)和双能X线吸收仪(DXA)设备测量骨密度的准确度和短期精确度。方法收集2016年1月至2020年4月全国多个中心(QCT和DXA分别来自31和32个中心)的40台不同品牌的CT设备(德国Siemens 12台、荷兰Philips 12台、美国GE 9台、日本Toshiba 5台和国产联影2台)和53台不同品牌DXA设备(美国GE Lunar 34台、美国Hologic 14台和法国Medlink 5台)。QCT扫描采用Mindways QCT系统,以常规腰椎扫描条件对ESP体模重复扫描10次,每次重新摆位,测量ESP中低、中、高密度椎体的骨密度值以及3个椎体的平均骨密度值。根据实测值与体模标定值的差异计算不同设备的准确度误差,并计算标准差均方根(rMS-SD)和变异系数的均方根(rMS-%CV)来评价短期精密度误差。采用重复测量的方差分析比较不同设备间测量的骨密度值的差异。结果不同CT和DXA设备测量的不同密度椎体和平均骨密度值差异均有统计学意义(Pr为6.59%~21.34%,Hologic为-6.65%~5.45%,Medlink为-6.97%~-0.68%。QCT和DXA测量的所有椎体骨密度值的rMS-%CV为0.38%~3.85%;QCT的rMS-SD为0.54~2.45 mg/cm3。DXA的rMS-SD为0.009~0.037g/cm^(2)。不同QCT和DXA设备测量的rMS-%CV值随着骨密度的升高而呈减低趋势,rMS-SD值则呈升高趋势。结论基于ESP,不同QCT和DXA设备测量的ESP骨密度值有显著差异。不同QCT和DXA设备测量骨密度的准确度误差和短期精密度误差在合理范围,可以用于临床随访观察。QCT的短期精密度误差和准确度误差波动范围较DXA略小。

关键词：骨质疏松定量CT 双能X线骨密度测量仪器

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