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Assessing Capacity and Implementation Status of the Disaster Risk Management Strategy for Health and Community Disaster Resilience in Malawi

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 673-688页

作者： Ozius Dewa donald makoka Olalekan A.Ayo-Yusuf Southern Africa Resilience Innovation Lab(SARiLab) School of Health Systems and Public HealthUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0002GautengSouth Africa Centre for Agricultural Research and Development Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesLilongweCentral RegionMalawi

Floods are among the most frequently occurring natural hazards in Malawi,often with public health *** mixed methods study assessed the capacity for and implementation status of the disaster risk management(DRM)strategy for the health sector in Malawi,using flooding in the Nsanje District as a *** were collected using desk review and a workshop methodology involving key officials from government ministries,national and international development partners,and the *** results show that Malawi had recently strengthened its DRM institutional frameworks,with a pronounced policy shift from reactive to proactive management of *** sector personnel and structures were key contributors in the design and implementation of DRM activities at all *** partners played a significant role in strengthening DRM coordination and implementation *** of funding and the limited availability,and often fragmented nature,of vulnerability and risk assessment data were identified as key *** human resource capacity and inadequate planning processes at district level impeded full implementation of DRM *** findings call for community-level interventions for improved coordination,planning,and human resource capacity to strengthen community disaster resilience and improve public *** approach used in this study can serve as a model framework for other districts in Malawi,as well as in other low-and middle-income countries in the context of Sendai Framework implementation.

关键词： Community disaster resilience Disaster risk management Health Malawi Policy

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Cu-Bearing Mokama Granite Prospect of the Kibara Belt in the Maniema Province, DRC: A Preliminary Petrography, Geochemistry, and Fluid Inclusion Study

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第10期13卷 1007-1023页

作者： Douxdoux Kumakele Makutu Ivan Bongwe Chris Musomo Mfumu Frederick makoka Mwanza Jean-Pierre Bulambo Pierre Kambuli Kaseti Energy Resource Department College of Engineering Inha University Incheon Republic of Korea Department of Geosciences Kinshasa University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Geology University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Mokama granites are located in the Kibara belt (KIB) and hosts tin oxide group minerals (TOGM: Sn-W), and sulfide group minerals (SGM: Cu-Zn-Fe-As). The essential of Cu mineralization (non-economic deposit) is disseminated inside the rock and consists of minerals (Raman, EPMA and metallographic microscopy) including chalcopyrite and bornite that are replaced by chalcocite and covellite, and the last also replaced later by malachite. The chemistry (XRF, LA-ICP-MS) of these peraluminous S-type leucogranites show SiO2 (71 wt% - 79 wt%), ASI (1.4 - 3.1 molar), and are enriched in Rb (681 - 1000 ppm), Ta (12–151 ppm), Sn (43 - 142 ppm), Cu (10 - 4300 ppm), Zn (60 - 740 ppm), U (2.2 - 20.7 ppm) while depleted in Zr (20 - 31 ppm), Sr (20 - 69 ppm), Hf (1.3 - 2.0 ppm), Th (2.2 - 18.9 ppm), W (9 - 113 ppm), Pb (5 - 50 ppm), Ge (5 - 10 ppm), Cs (21 - 53 ppm) and Bi (0.6 - 17.4 ppm) and low ratios of (La/Yb) N, (Gd/Yb) N, (La/Sm) N). Fluid inclusion assemblages (FIAs) hosted in quartz in the Mokama granites show ranges of salinities of 4 - 23 wt% (NaCl equivalent) and homogenization temperatures (Th) of 190°C - 550°C. A boiling assemblage in the granite suggests a fluid phase separation occurred at about 380 - 610 bars, and this corresponds to apparent paleodepths of approximately 1 - 2 km (lithostatic model) or 3 - 5 km (hydrostatic model). FIAs hosted in TOGM such as cassiterite (salinities of 2 wt% - 10 wt% and Th of 220°C - 340°C) helped set up the possible temperature limit of SGM (Cu sulfide) precipitations that are estimated below 200°C.

关键词： Mokama Granites Petrography Geochemistry Cu-Mineralization XRF EPMA LA-ICP-MS Fluid Inclusion Microthermometry

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Evaluation of Rational Use of Antiretrovirals before the Dolutegravir Transition in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2021年第2期11卷 41-49页

作者： Erick N. Kamangu Ben I. Bulanda Idriss M. Mwanaut Simplice K. makoka Gauthier K. Mesia “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo HIV/AIDS Unit Service of Molecular Biology Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: The ultimate goal of AntiRetroViral Treatments (ART) is to achieve complete immune restoration and lasting viral suppression in the infected patient. In order to ensure the efficacy, safety and accessibility of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), it is recommended that they should be prescribed according to national guidelines;which are evolving with the various recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the arrival of newer, more effective and safer molecules. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the rational use of Antiretrovirals in patients treated in Kinshasa before the use of Dolutegravir within the national program in order to assess the correct use of these molecules. Methods: This work is a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the rational use of first-line ARVs among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in different Centers of Treatment (ATCs) in Kinshasa before the introduction of Dolutegravir. The records of patients on ARVs were randomly and rationally selected in 12 different ATCs for HIV in Kinshasa according to three centers per district in the period from June to September 2018. Information on use and consumption of ARVs, compliance with guidelines, change of therapeutic combination as well as their reasons were consulted for the present study. Results: 507 files of PLHIV were collected in the various ATCs. 274 (54.1%) were from female patients. The most represented age group was 26 to 35 years with 192 patients (37.9%). The mean duration of first-line treatment for all patients included was 16.30 ± 5.85 months. The most widely used combination of ARVs overall was TDF + 3TC + EFV at 45.4%. 305 (60.2%) PLHIV kept the same first-line treatment molecule throughout the treatment period with an average treatment duration of 12.9 ± 2.77 months. The most common combination found in this population was TDF + 3TC + EFV (69.2%). 202 (39.8%) PLHIV changed

关键词： Rational Use ARVs Dolutegravir Kinshasa

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Profile of Discordant Couples for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Followed in Kinshasa: Case of Monkole Medical Center

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 125-146页

作者： Isaac T. Woto Cagod B. Inkale Simplice K. makoka Samclide Mbikayi Berry I. Bongenya Erick N. Kamangu Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Research Group “Focus VIH/SIDA” Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Medicine Université Technologique Bel Campus Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Infectious Diseases Monkole Medical Center Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Centre de Formation et d’Appui Sanitaire (CEFA-Monkole) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: Programs targeting serodiscordant couples in Africa are not a priority in efforts to prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, although a large proportion of these occur in stable relationships, of which serodiscordance accounts for about two-thirds with a high risk of seroconversion of the seronegative partner. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the profile of HIV serodiscordant couples followed in Kinshasa, DRC. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study to describe the profile of different heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples followed at the Monkole Medical Center in Kinshasa, DRC, from November 2021 to June 2022. The data were collected from the information sheets elaborated by the research team as well as from the information provided by the computerized files of the patients managed at the Infectious Diseases Unit of the Monkole Medical Center after the signature of the informed consent. An average of 8 cc of blood was taken from a peripheral vein in the patient’s forearm, and was stored in EDTA tubes at −20˚C, of which at least 6 mL were used for biochemical analyses, 2 spots of 200 μL for each partner were stored on filter paper at −20˚C and were used for DNA extraction. Nested PCR confirmed the serological diagnosis. Results: Out of a total of 482 heterosexual couples followed for HIV at the Monkole Medical Center, 28 (5.8%) were HIV serodiscordant, of which 14 (2.9%) couples agreed to participate in the present study. The mean age was 43.39 ± 10 years with extremes ranging from 24 to 62 years. The patients were mainly from the informal sector (53.6%) and weighed between 61 and 71 kg (46.4%). Sexual intercourse continued in all couples, without condom use (85.7%) for desire of procreation (82.1%);although the great majority of HIV-negative partners (85.7%) were not under ARV prophylaxis. Leukopenia was found in 42.9% of HIV-negative partners compared to 21% of HIV-positive partners;all partners had a predominan

关键词： Discordant Couple Profile HIV Kinshasa

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