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Neurocognitive outcomes in pediatric brain tumors after treatment with proton versus photon radiation:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2023年第8期19卷 727-740页

作者： Álvaro Lassaletta j.vier S.Morales Pedro L.Valenzuela Borj. Esteso Lisa S.Kahalley donald j.Mabbott Soumya Unnikrishnan Elena Panizo Felipe Calvo Radiation Oncology Department Clínica Universidad de NavarraCalle Marquesado de Santa Marta 128027 MadridSpain Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Unit Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño JesúsMadridSpain MOVE-IT Research Group Department of Physical EducationFaculty of Education SciencesUniversity of CadizCádizSpain Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz(INiBICA)Research Unit Puerta del Mar University HospitalUniversity of CádizCádizSpain Physical Activity and Health Research Group(PaHerg) Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre(‘imas12’)MadridSpain Systems Biology Department University of AlcaláMadridSpain Clinical Neuropsychology Unit Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology DepartmentHospital Infantil Universitario Niño JesúsMadridSpain Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTXUSA Texas Children’s Hospital HoustonTXUSA The Hospital for Sick Children TorontoONCanada The University of Toronto TorontoONCanada University of California School of Medicine San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Background Advances in cancer treatments,particularly the development of radiation therapy,have led to improvements in survival outcomes in children with brain ***,radiation therapy is associated with significant long-term neurocognitive *** present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with photon radiation(XRT)or proton therapy(PBRT).Methods A systematic search was conducted(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and Web of Science from inception until 02/01/2022)for studies comparing the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with XRT *** pooled mean differences(expressed as Z scores)were calculated using a random effects method for those endpoints analyzed by a minimum of three *** Totally 10 studies(n=630 patients,average age range:1–20 years)met the inclusion *** who had received PBRT achieved significantly higher scores(difference in Z scores ranging from 0.29–0.75,all P0.05 in main analyses or sensitivity analyses)were found for nonverbal memory,verbal working memory and working memory index,processing speed index,or focused *** Pediatric brain tumor patients who receive PBRT achieve significantly higher scores on most neurocognitive outcomes than those who receive *** studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to confirm these results.

关键词： Brain health Childhood cancer Intelligence quotient Radiotherapy

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面向21世纪的数据库技术

软件工程师 2000年第1期 43-44页

作者： donald j. Haderle IBM数据库技术部

我们正在走向21世纪,数据库技术也在走向21世纪。那么,未来的数据库会有哪些新的发展呢? 当我们向前发展时,用户对数据库信息的实时需求正越来越强烈。我们面临的首要问题是:关系型数据库能否充分解决在线事务处理(OLTP)的应用?

关键词：数据库事务处理信息需求关系数据库

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Alice in Wonderland

Alice in Wonderland

Remote Sensing of Selected Winter and Spring Host Plants of Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) and Herbicide Use Strategies as a Management Tactic

作者： Lewis Carroll authoritative texts of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Through the Looking-Glass the Hunting of the Snark backgrounds criticism edited by donald j. Gray Indiana University.

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 1313-1327页

作者： donald L. Sudbrink Steven j. Thomson Reginald S. Fletcher F. Aubrey Harris Patrick j. English j.mes T. Robbins Austin Peay State University Department of Agriculture Clarksville USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Crop Production Systems Research Unit Stoneville USA Delta Research and Extension Center Mississippi State University Stoneville USA

Remote sensing was used in a series of experiments over a three-year period to obtain spectral reflectance data for studying differences in vegetation indices between grasses, broadleaf plants, and grass/broadleaf plant mixtures. Selected non-crop winter and spring host plants of tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris, were planted in field-plot experiments. Multispectral reflectance data were aerially acquired with both a Real-Time Digital Airborne Camera System (RDACS) sensor and Geospatial Systems (Duncan Tech) MS-2100 multispectral camera. The following six vegetation indices of spectral reflectance were evaluated in this study: normalized difference vegetation index, ratio vegetation index, green normalized difference vegetation index, green vegetation index, green ratio vegetation index, and Ashburn vegetation index. Vegetation indices calculated with imagery data for the grasses and broadleaves differed significantly;there appeared to be more discriminating differences between vegetation indices for grasses and broadleaf plants when the indices were based on a combination of green and near infrared or green and red spectral bands than when the indices were based on red and near infrared spectral bands. Insect data from these studies confirm that tarnished plant bug prefers broadleaf host plants, but can use Italian ryegrass for food and reproduction. The narrow temporal window of host suitability for Italian ryegrass may limit its significance. Herbicide destruction of broadleaf host plants in early spring prevented the tarnished plant bug population increases that occurred in untreated plots. Findings of this study would be useful in site-specific vegetation management decisions in programs such as the prototypical area-wide tarnished plant bug management experiment conducted in the Delta region of Mississippi.

关键词： Remote Sensing Vegetation Index Lygus lineolaris Area-Wide Management

Palm Oil and Health:A Case of Manipulated Perception and Misuse of Science

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Palm Oil and Health:A Case of Manipulated Perception and Mis...

Two disulfide mutants in domain I of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>Cry3Aa δ-endotoxin increase stability with no effect on toxicity

作者： donald j.McNamara Eggs for Health Consulting WashingtonDC

In the 1980s,a combination of forces came together to convince the public that food products containing tropical oils contributed to their risk of coronary heart *** oils were competing with the *** bean oil market as an alternative vegetable oil,yet they were higher in saturated fat,which had become the target of the health promotion community for its theoretical association with coronary heart disease *** national campaigns were undertaken to force food manufacturers to remove tropical oils,including palm oil, from their products and to replace them with hydrogenated vegetable oils,resulting in increased intakes of transfatty acids,which later became the target of the same advocacy *** palm oil is being touted as a suitable replacement for hydrogenated vegetable oils.

关键词： palm oil saturated fat tropical oil hydrogenated vegetable oil trans-fat

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2012年第2期2卷 123-131页

作者： Sheng-j.un Wu Alvaro M. Florez Bradley j. Homoelle donald H. Dean Oscar Alzate Biochemistry Department Ohio State University Columbus USA Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill USA Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Santander (UDES) Campus Univer- sitario Bucaramanga Colombia

To increase protein stability and test protein function, three double-cysteine mutations were individually introduced by protein engineering into the cysteine-free Cry3Aa δ-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis. These mutations were designed to create disulfide bonds between α-helices 2 and 5 (positions 110 - 193), and α-helices 5 and 7 (positions 195 - 276 and 198 - 276). Comparison of the CD spectra of the wild-type and the double-cysteine mutant proteins indicates a tighter helical packing consistent with formation of at least two of the disulfide bonds between the central and the outer helices. Thermal stability analysis indi-cates that potential covalent linkages between the central α-helix 5 and the other helices increase resistance to thermal denaturation by 10?C to 14?C com-pared to the thermal stability of the wild-type protein. Spectroscopic analysis of the disulfide-specific absorbance band indicates that the double mutant proteins are more stable to temperature and denaturant (guanidine hydrochloride) than the wild-type protein, as a result of the formation of two of the disulfide bridges. These results indicate that the double muta-tions M110C/F193C and A198C/V276C successfully established disulfide bonds, resulting in a more stable structure of the entire toxin. Despite the increase in stability and structural changes introduced by the disulfide bonds, no effect on toxicity was observed. A possible mechanism involving the insertion of all of domain I of Cry3Aa toxin into the target membrane accounts for these observations.

关键词： Disulfide Bonds CD Spectra Cry3Aa Site Directed Mutagenesis

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装甲和反装甲材料的设计

兵器材料科学与工程 1991年第9期14卷 58-70页

作者： donald j.Sandstrom 于洪彬

人们可以想像坦克装甲能承受住高速弹丸的撞击…,钨铀复合材料赋于杆式穿甲弹以钨的刚度,铀的密度和自燃特性,以及令人惊异的强度…,铀板中规则排列的细小晶粒能被拉长而形成不断裂的富有杀伤力的射流…。

关键词：装甲坦克材料

Corneal Wavefront Aberrations in Patients Wearing Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses for Myopia Control

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Open j.urnal of Ophthalmology 2012年第3期2卷 45-53页

作者： Frank Spors donald j. Egan j.e Shen Lance E. McNaughton Stuart Mann Neil M. Patel College of Optometry Pomona CA Western University of Health Sciences Pomona CA

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in corneal wavefront aberrations in young adults who have been fit with multifocal soft contact lenses for myopia progression control. Findings have been analyzed for statistical significance and clinical relevance and compared to reportedly successful Orthokeratology outcomes. Methods: The dominant eye of 40 participants (27 women, 13 men;mean age 27.3 ± 3.2 years;range 23 to 39 years) was fit with Proclear Multifocal center distance lenses (Coopervision, Pleasanton, USA) having a variety of distance powers and reading additions. Refractive errors were limited to a range of –6.00 D up to +1.00 D of sphere, and no greater than –1.00 D of cylinder. Corneal wavefront measurements were performed over 6 mm diameters with a Zeiss Atlas 9000 corneal topographer (Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, USA) prior to, and following lens fitting. Data were converted into rectangular Fourier optics terms M, j., j.5 and RMS values for each reading addition were statistically analyzed. Following evaluation of statistical significance and clinical relevance, results were compared to published data from successful Orthokeratology treatments. Results: Statistically significant changes in higher order aberrations were detected for lenses of all reading additions. Lens groups with higher Add-powers demonstrated stronger changes with increased significance. Final RMS values relating to 2nd, 3rd and 4th Zernike Orders reached clinical significance with a wavefront error of 0.10 μm, the equivalent of 0.25D. Moreover, as Add-powers increased, 3rd and 4th order aberrations likewise showed an increase. Pre-fitting astigmatism values accounted for the highest recorded aberrations and remained predominantly unchanged. Conclusion: Proclear Multifocal center-distance contact lenses were found to increase higher order wavefront aberrations in a manner dependent on their Add-power. In comparison to successful Orthokeratology outcomes, the amounts of

关键词： Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses Wavefront Aberrations Myopia Myopia Progression Control Orthokeratology Zernike Polynomials

Accounting principles / 影印本

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